Sentences with phrase «change in surface temperature per»

I like the definition of climate sensitivity as «change in surface temperature per unit change in radiative forcing».

Not exact matches

Where «dT» is the change in the Earth's average surface temperature, «λ» is the climate sensitivity, usually with units in Kelvin or degrees Celsius per Watts per square meter (°C / [W - m - 2]-RRB-, and «dF» is the radiative forcing.

He then uses what information is available to quantify (in Watts per square meter) what radiative terms drive that temperature change (for the LGM this is primarily increased surface albedo from more ice / snow cover, and also changes in greenhouse gases... the former is treated as a forcing, not a feedback; also, the orbital variations which technically drive the process are rather small in the global mean).

Where «dT» is the change in the Earth's average surface temperature, «λ» is the climate sensitivity, usually with units in Kelvin or degrees Celsius per Watts per square meter (°C / [W m - 2]-RRB-, and «dF» is the radiative forcing, which is discussed in further detail in the Advanced rebuttal to the «CO2 effect is weak» argument.

Abstract:» The sensitivity of global climate with respect to forcing is generally described in terms of the global climate feedback — the global radiative response per degree of global annual mean surface temperature change.

The significant difference between the observed decrease of the CO2 sink estimated by the inversion (0.03 PgC / y per decade) and the expected increase due solely to rising atmospheric CO2 -LRB--0.05 PgC / y per decade) indicates that there has been a relative weakening of the Southern Ocean CO2 sink (0.08 PgC / y per decade) due to changes in other atmospheric forcing (winds, surface air temperature, and water fluxes).

Abstract:» The sensitivity of global climate with respect to forcing is generally described in terms of the global climate feedback — the global radiative response per degree of global annual mean surface temperature change.

I never asserted that sensitivity in terms of equilibrium time - average surface temperature change per unit change in TOA or even tropopause - level forcing (with or without stratospheric adjustment) would be the same for each type of forcing for each climatic state and the external forcings that maintain it (or for that matter, for each of those different of forcings (TOA vs tropopause, etc.) with everything held constant.

The efficacy of a forcing is the climate sensitivity (in terms of global average surface temperature change per unit global average RF) of that forcing relative to a standard type of forcing.

(PS we are considering the climate sensitivity to be in terms of changes in global - time average surface temperature per unit global - time average radiative forcing, though one could also define other sensitivities for other measures of climate).

First, for changing just CO2 forcing (or CH4, etc, or for a non-GHE forcing, such as a change in incident solar radiation, volcanic aerosols, etc.), there will be other GHE radiative «forcings» (feedbacks, though in the context of measuring their radiative effect, they can be described as having radiative forcings of x W / m2 per change in surface T), such as water vapor feedback, LW cloud feedback, and also, because GHE depends on the vertical temperature distribution, the lapse rate feedback (this generally refers to the tropospheric lapse rate, though changes in the position of the tropopause and changes in the stratospheric temperature could also be considered lapse - rate feedbacks for forcing at TOA; forcing at the tropopause with stratospheric adjustment takes some of that into account; sensitivity to forcing at the tropopause with stratospheric adjustment will generally be different from sensitivity to forcing without stratospheric adjustment and both will generally be different from forcing at TOA before stratospheric adjustment; forcing at TOA after stratospehric adjustment is identical to forcing at the tropopause after stratospheric adjustment).

Where «dT» is the change in the Earth's average surface temperature, «λ» is the climate sensitivity, usually with units in Kelvin or degrees Celsius per Watts per square meter (°C / [W / m2]-RRB-, and «dF» is the radiative forcing.

Even while identifying some of the observed change in climatic behaviour, such as a 0.4 C increase in surface temperature over the past century, or about 1 mm per year sea level rise in Northern Indian Ocean, or wider variation in rainfall patterns, the document notes that no firm link between the do...

Its value is governed by collisions of the gas moelcules with the earth's surface, in fact by the temperature of the earth's surface (plus a temperature gradient of roughly 1 Celsius per 100 m change of altitude on the basis of the so - called dry - adiabatic limit).

I should not be surprised if, in due course, the Professor were to publish a paper on the implications of the remarkably substantial discrepancy between the model - predicted and actually - observed rates of change in surface evaporation per unit change in surface temperature.

In his House of Commons presentation, toward the end, he gives a sketch of an alternative derivation of the «Climate Sensitivity» based on observed rates of evaporation increase per change in sea surface temperature, and this based on data from the 2007 paper by Wentz eIn his House of Commons presentation, toward the end, he gives a sketch of an alternative derivation of the «Climate Sensitivity» based on observed rates of evaporation increase per change in sea surface temperature, and this based on data from the 2007 paper by Wentz ein sea surface temperature, and this based on data from the 2007 paper by Wentz et.

Thus what you see as wiggles in the increase per year is the direct result of temperature changes in ocean surface and vegetation (for the latter, precipitation also plays a role).

The global annual mean surface air temperature change... centred at the time of CO2 doubling in a 1 % per year compound CO2 increase scenario.

If there is deep - water formation in the final steady state as in the present day, the ocean will eventually warm up fairly uniformly by the amount of the global average surface temperature change (Stouffer and Manabe, 2003), which would result in about 0.5 m of thermal expansion per degree celsius of warming, calculated from observed climatology; the EMICs in Figure 10.34 indicate 0.2 to 0.6 m °C — 1 for their final steady state (year 3000) relative to 2000.

We don't get much ventilation air change in crawlspaces — the typical ventilation air change rate in a crawlspace is approximately 1 air change per hour (ach).2 In determining crawlspace surface temperatures we can pretty much ignore the ventilation air change.3 We can't ignore the ventilation air in the moisture balance but we can in the energy balancin crawlspaces — the typical ventilation air change rate in a crawlspace is approximately 1 air change per hour (ach).2 In determining crawlspace surface temperatures we can pretty much ignore the ventilation air change.3 We can't ignore the ventilation air in the moisture balance but we can in the energy balancin a crawlspace is approximately 1 air change per hour (ach).2 In determining crawlspace surface temperatures we can pretty much ignore the ventilation air change.3 We can't ignore the ventilation air in the moisture balance but we can in the energy balancIn determining crawlspace surface temperatures we can pretty much ignore the ventilation air change.3 We can't ignore the ventilation air in the moisture balance but we can in the energy balancin the moisture balance but we can in the energy balancin the energy balance.

Global temperature change obtained by multiplying the sum of the two climate forcings in figure 5c by a sensitivity of 3/4 °C per W m − 2 yields a remarkably good fit to «observations» (figure 6), where the observed temperature is 2 × ΔTdo, with 2 being the scale factor required to yield the estimated 4.5 °C LGM — Holocene surface temperature change.

Climate sensitivity (S) is the equilibrium global surface temperature change (ΔTeq) in response to a specified unit forcing after the planet has come back to energy balance, 5.1 i.e. climate sensitivity is the eventual (equilibrium) global temperature change per unit forcing.

The measured change in outgoing radiation per unit change in global mean sea - surface temperature is seven times greater than the UN's models predict.

I expect the Romps et al and Laliberte et al Science papers to stimulate a large literature that moves beyond equilibrium approximations (though I recognize that Romps et al got the 10 % change in CAPE [per C increase in surface temperature] from equilibrium approximations for the moist adiabatic lapse rate) to approximate steady - state approximations (redundant «approximate» on purpose.)

Where «dT» is the change in the Earth's average surface temperature, «λ» is the climate sensitivity, usually with units in Kelvin or degrees Celsius per Watts per square meter (°C / [W - m - 2]-RRB-, and «dF» is the radiative forcing.