But only four - in - ten Americans say rich nations should do more to address climate
change than developing countries, while half of U.S. respondents say developing countries should do just as much.
Not exact matches
These risks and uncertainties include: Gilead's ability to achieve its anticipated full year 2018 financial results; Gilead's ability to sustain growth in revenues for its antiviral and other programs; the risk that private and public payers may be reluctant to provide, or continue to provide, coverage or reimbursement for new products, including Vosevi, Yescarta, Epclusa, Harvoni, Genvoya, Odefsey, Descovy, Biktarvy and Vemlidy ®; austerity measures in European
countries that may increase the amount of discount required on Gilead's products; an increase in discounts, chargebacks and rebates due to ongoing contracts and future negotiations with commercial and government payers; a larger
than anticipated shift in payer mix to more highly discounted payer segments and geographic regions and decreases in treatment duration; availability of funding for state AIDS Drug Assistance Programs (ADAPs); continued fluctuations in ADAP purchases driven by federal and state grant cycles which may not mirror patient demand and may cause fluctuations in Gilead's earnings; market share and price erosion caused by the introduction of generic versions of Viread and Truvada, an uncertain global macroeconomic environment; and potential amendments to the Affordable Care Act or other government action that could have the effect of lowering prices or reducing the number of insured patients; the possibility of unfavorable results from clinical trials involving investigational compounds; Gilead's ability to initiate clinical trials in its currently anticipated timeframes; the levels of inventory held by wholesalers and retailers which may cause fluctuations in Gilead's earnings; Kite's ability to
develop and commercialize cell therapies utilizing the zinc finger nuclease technology platform and realize the benefits of the Sangamo partnership; Gilead's ability to submit new drug applications for new product candidates in the timelines currently anticipated; Gilead's ability to receive regulatory approvals in a timely manner or at all, for new and current products, including Biktarvy; Gilead's ability to successfully commercialize its products, including Biktarvy; the risk that physicians and patients may not see advantages of these products over other therapies and may therefore be reluctant to prescribe the products; Gilead's ability to successfully
develop its hematology / oncology and inflammation / respiratory programs; safety and efficacy data from clinical studies may not warrant further development of Gilead's product candidates, including GS - 9620 and Yescarta in combination with Pfizer's utomilumab; Gilead's ability to pay dividends or complete its share repurchase program due to
changes in its stock price, corporate or other market conditions; fluctuations in the foreign exchange rate of the U.S. dollar that may cause an unfavorable foreign currency exchange impact on Gilead's future revenues and pre-tax earnings; and other risks identified from time to time in Gilead's reports filed with the U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission (the SEC).
Whether one wants public support for the media or not is a political question (and one all
developed democracies have answered in the affirmative in the twentieth century), but as people's media habits and the economics of the industry
change, effective intervention probably ought to be built around the «information» part of the sentence quoted above rather
than the «several large sheets» part (just as «public service broadcasters» have in many
countries sought to redefine themselves as «public service media organizations» to emphasize their cross-platform ambitions).
But he pointed out that it concluded that less
than a fifth of the $ 62 billion went to projects designed exclusively to help
developing countries adapt to climate
change.
Yet of all
developed countries, Australia is set to feel impacts of climate
change earlier
than most, and arguably is seeing them already in the recent severe droughts.
The world's biggest carbon emitters agreed that the world should limit warming to no more
than 2 degrees Celsius, and raise $ 100 billion annually by 2020 to help
developing countries fight climate
change.
Food prices will more
than double and the number of malnourished children spiral if climate
change is not checked and
developing countries are not helped to adapt their farming, food and water experts warned [continue reading...]
In «Summoned by Science: Reporting Climate
Change at Copenhagen and Beyond», researchers analysed more
than 400 articles published in the print media in 12
countries from the
developed and
developing world.
Guardian: Food prices set to more
than double if climate
change not checked and
developing countries not helped to adapt farming.
While
developed countries and regions have long been culprits for Earth's rising greenhouse gas emissions, Cornell researchers — balancing the role of aerosols along with carbons in the equation — now predict a time when
developing countries will contribute more to climate
change than advanced societies: 2030.
The position taken by the Australian government in UNFCCC negotiations has been largely counterproductive, including: its membership of the Umbrella Group of delayer
countries; its prioritization of a post-2020 agreement over raising ambition as is urgently required; its insistence on a meaninglessly weak Kyoto Protocol second commitment period target for Australia; its unreasonable conditions for Australia to increase its Kyoto target; its refusal to countenance even conditional targets deeper
than 25 % below 2000; its pursuit of creative accounting rules for LULUCF (land use, land use
change, and forestry) in both Kyoto commitment periods [v]; its intended reliance on international offset mechanisms; and its failure to provide finance for
developing countries.
As Indur Goklany has shown, even assuming that the climate models on which the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate
Change (IPCC) accurately predict (rather
than exaggerate by 2 to 3 times) the warming effect of added CO2 in the atmosphere, people the world over, and especially in
developing countries, will be wealthier in warmer
than in cooler scenarios, making them less vulnerable
than today to all risks — including those related to climate.
Investments in stopping deforestation make up less
than 1.5 % — US$ 2.3 bn — of the US$ 167 bn committed by multilateral institutions and
developed country donors since 2010 to climate
change mitigation.
(3) The
countries most vulnerable to climate
change, due both to greater exposure to harmful impacts and to lower capacity to adapt, are
developing countries with very low industrial greenhouse gas emissions that have contributed less to climate
change than more affluent
countries.
Carbon Offsets To Alleviate Poverty (COTAP) empowers individuals and organizations to fight both climate
change and global poverty by connecting their carbon emissions with certified forestry projects in least -
developed countries which create life -
changing income for smallholder farmers who live on less
than $ 2 per day.
But the US is not the only
country with a shameful track record, most
developed countries have emitted outrageously larger amounts of climate
change causing gases to the atmosphere
than most of the rest of the world.
Thus the United States, more
than any other
developed country, has been responsible for the disastrous 30 year delay in formulating a serious global response to climate
change, while delays make the problem harder and more expensive to solve and increase the likelihood of triggering dangerous climate
change.
Alertnet: Malnutrition is worsening in
developing countries like Pakistan, Bangladesh, Nepal and India because of the impacts of climate
change — particularly on water resources, a key input for producing food for more
than a billion people in the region.
However, it is unlikely that the world will address climate
change in this wholly cooperative fashion — more likely, it will be years before
developing countries are willing to comprehensively price their emissions, and even when they do, it may be at a lower rate
than prevailing in the European Union and United States.
But China is building up its reserves of wheat, and is now widely seen as working more energetically
than many
developing countries for an ambitious global climate
change agreement.
Economic growth in
developing countries was much more important
than countering global warming, Mr Howard said, and the West had no right to deny economic development to the rest of the world in the name of climate
change.
Carbon Offsets To Alleviate Poverty (COTAP) specializes in connecting your carbon footprint with certified forestry projects in least -
developed countries which create life -
changing income for smallholder farmers who live on less
than $ 2 per day.
Yet, since the world averages 6.5 CO2 tons of per capita emissions while
countries like the United States are emitting 19 tons per capita, and the world must reduce per capita emissions to perhaps less
than 2.0 tons per capita to prevent dangerous climate
change, it is very unlikely that many groups or people in
developed countries can make a respectable argument that they are already below their fair share of safe global emissions.
The cost of tackling climate
change in
developing countries could reach some hundreds of billions of dollars annually over the coming decades.i Low - emission and climate - resilient development options often require upfront investments that can be costlier
than conventional solutions.
Each person living in a
developed country does far more damage to the planet
than any poor African; every extra Briton, for instance, has the carbon footprint of 22 more Malawians — and the poor will suffer first and worst from climate
change.
But he neglected to talk about an untapped source of funds that can help pay for these and other critical public needs, including money to help
developing countries deal with climate
change, which the U.S., more
than other
country, is responsible for causing: a Robin Hood tax!
I'm not sure if you are convinced
than carbon - o - geddon is really looming or if you have other financial interests or whatever, but enough people know that we face no real threat and we're not going to let you bamboozle the public into disastrous
changes to the world's energy infrastructure or let you impose draconian «carbon reduction» schemes that would cripple the world's industrial economies, reduce our standard of living and condemn the people in
developing countries to perpetual low energy poverty.
But China could enhance its national energy security by
developing innovative policies
than prompt
change in the
country's energy consumption structure, shifting it from heavy dependence on coal and oil to energy - saving products and alternative energy.
It also said that while there is no doubt that «people cause climate
change,» the
developing world has been responsible for a much smaller share of world's greenhouse gas emissions
than developed countries.
Financial loses in
developing countries from climate
change disasters were substantially higher
than in
developed countries, with middle - income
countries suffering losses of 1 percent of GDP between 2001 and 2006, compared with 0.1 percent for high - income
countries.
It should be noted that while Europe sees lower energy demand due to climate
change impacts, other analyses (Mima et al. (2011) for example) have shown that regions outside of the EU27 that have a larger cooling demand
than heating demand (e.g many
developing countries) are likely to experience an increase in total energy demand as a result of climate
change, in contrast with the decrease seen in the EU27.