The effects of climate change are felt not only through changes to the average climate of an area, but also through
changes to climate extremes.
Scientists believe they have discovered the reason behind
mysterious changes to the climate that saw temperatures fluctuate by up to 15 °C within just a few decades during the ice age periods.
The vast majority of scientists agree that human activities are
influencing changes to the climate — especially at the poles — and believe that the situation requires serious attention.
While a natural event such as this could bring about
major changes to the climate, some scientists are warning that there is a possibility for reverse feedback.
And the scenario assumes none of the abrupt
changes to the climate due to positive feedback effects such as those I have mentioned.
The purpose of this report is to quantify, with the most robust projections possible, the related climate impacts (including
changes to climate extremes) associated with warming.
Tom Karl, the head of NOAA's National Climatic Data Center, also cautioned that the science of linking precipitation
changes to climate change is complex.
In one instance in an October 2002 draft of a regularly published summary of government climate research, «Our Changing Planet,» Mr. Cooney amplified the sense of uncertainty by adding the word «extremely» to this sentence: «The attribution of the causes of biological and
ecological changes to climate change or variability is extremely difficult.»
We can not imagine that the descendants of people whose genius and resilience maintained a culture here through fifty thousand years or more, through
cataclysmic changes to the climate and environment, and who then survived two centuries of dispossession and abuse, will be denied their place in the modern Australian nation.
As well, user interest in understanding
projected changes to climate extremes is increasing as users develop plans for reducing the risks associated with the changing incidence and intensity of extreme climate and weather events.
Chief Executive Officer Asim Ghosh has a stern warning for Canadian political leaders
considering changes to climate policy: don't go it alone with a carbon tax.
«This means that the Southern Ocean's nutrient supply would be affected
by changes to the climate system (such as winds and freshwater input) differently to other areas of the ocean.
The closed questions offered educators the opportunity to
describe changes to the climate in their school after the election, while the open - ended ones gave them the opportunity to provide examples and descriptions of the kinds of behavior and interactions they had witnessed among students and how educators are handling the situation.
Do you really think the fact that waters are warmer and atmospheric moisture content is higher now due to man - made global warming (not to mention the «blocking high» over Greenland due to Arctic climate change) may be less of an influence on Hurricane Sandy than some other currently
unobserved changes to our climate that occurred 3000 years ago?
But mentioning that in the context of Hurricane Sandy is an attempt (or at least has the effect) to minimize the concern about the
documented changes to the climate we have already made and the predicted catastrophic consequences of staying on the fossil emissions path we are on.
Attribution of any
observed changes to climate trends are further complicated by the fact that models linking climate and agriculture must, implicitly or explicitly, make assumptions about farmer behaviour.
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Based on the evidence as it currently exists, it just is not a valid scientific position to assert with certainty that human emissions have caused
recent changes to the climate, and therefore the policy implications that stem from that.
«We have an even more thorough understanding of the
human changes to the climate enabled in part by better computer models and their more complete representation of the climate system,» he said.
The Expert Team on Climate Change Detection and Indices (ETCCDI) has formulated a standard suite of 27 climate extremes indices to quantify and better
understand changes to climate extremes events, called CLIMDEX.
As the LA Times reported the day after Mr. Halper's article was published, a new National Resource Council report warned that accelerating levels of greenhouse gas pollution are increasing the risk of abrupt and
severe changes to the climate that will leave nature and society with little time to react.
(ii) Other, unrelated effects on temperature will balance out over the next 100 or so years, such that greenhouse gas forcing will
dominate changes to climate, resulting in warming.
Just
as changes to climate can not be known exactly in advance, so the effects of changes to the economy can not be known exactly and there may be unforeseen consequences, just as the climate may warm in a very unlikely but absolutely worst scenario.