Kinney is leading a team researching the role of several risk factors and subtle
changes in cell function associated with Alzheimer's disease, including interactions between diabetes and inflammation in the brain in the onset and progression of Alzheimer's disease.
The data indicated that, like
the changes in cell function indicated in the Integrated Immune study, crew members also have changes in blood cytokines that persist during flight.
Not exact matches
Changes in the normal
function of Ras proteins — mutations which are responsible for 30 percent of all cancers — can power cancer
cells to grow and spread.
The environment
in which
cells grow and develop can greatly influence their quality and
function, but surprisingly little is known about how the ovarian stroma
changes with age.
They validated the
cell models and showed that
changing clock gene
function in these
cells is similar to what happens
in mice lacking clock genes.
It has been particularly difficult to measure
changes in electrical
functions of
cells grown within Organ Chips that are normally electrically active, such as neuronal
cells in the brain or beating heart
cells, both during their differentiation and
in response to drugs.
«
In that case, we will also have to ask how such
changes affected the
functions and connectivity of the nerve
cells involved.»
Also
changed were genes involved
in the
function of neural crest
cells.
Because neural crest
cells contribute to so many tissues
in the body, altering their
function could
change an animal's behavior, appearance and biology, the researchers reasoned.
Choosing animals for tameness might be selecting for ones that have
changes in how their neural crest
cells function, the researchers proposed
in Genetics
in 2014 (SN: 8/23/14, p. 7).
When Orlando and colleagues examined horse DNA for genes that may have rapidly
changed during domestication, they too found genes involved
in neural crest
cell function.
With the retrograde response, we've
changed the amino acid metabolism
in a way that allowed the
cells to accumulate storage carbohydrates, which stabilize their
function,» Friis said.
Changes to the properties of the lipid bilayer component of the
cell membrane can alter the
function of proteins embedded
in the membrane — proteins that regulate critical
functions such as transport of materials
in and out of the
cell and communication with other
cells.
The
function of these genes were involved
in molecular maintenance strategies, such as DNA repair, chromosomal maintenance, immune response and programmed
cell death The authors argue that the «slower rate of
change in these
functions is consistent with increased constraint on somatic
cell maintenance as would be required
in these relatively long - lived and large - bodied mammals, illustrated by the additional large and long - lived species with slower rates
in these genes (e.g. double - strand break repair gene XRCC4 is also highly constrained
in elephant.»
Building on this concept, Sushant Patkar of the University of Maryland and colleagues hypothesized that alterations
in protein interaction networks
in breast cancer
cells may
change the
function of individual genes.
A given gene may perform a different
function in breast cancer
cells than
in healthy
cells due to
changes in networks of interacting proteins, according to a new study published
in PLOS Computational Biology.
«We reproduced
in the lab the genetic
change to Smchd1 found
in one of the families to better understand how this mutation alters Smchd1 and its ability to
function in the
cell.
The bile acids accumulate
in the blood and interact with the TGR5 receptor on white fat
cells to
change their metabolic
function.
The body relies on
cells to process and store energy, and
changes in genes that regulate these
functions can cause an imbalance that leads to excessive energy storage and weight gain.
Proteins inside a
cell are
in constant motion,
changing shape continuously
in order to carry out their
functions.
The HBP is responsible for producing modified glucose molecules that couple to numerous proteins, leading to beneficial
changes in their
function, stability, and location within the
cell.
So over time,
changes in the cytoskeleton form the shape and behavior of
cells and, ultimately, the structure and
function of the organism as a whole.
Two different inherited genetic variations
in two different families of children with ASD «converged» to produce the same
changes in nerve
function and behavior, the researchers report
in EBioMedicine, a new online translational medicine journal published by editors at The Lancet and
Cell Press.
The work, which appears
in the journal
Cell, focuses on the regulation of «neuronal plasticity» —
changes in neuronal structure — and its
function in the brain.
After tracking the injected
cells in the mice for more than 10 days using bioluminescence and fluorodeoxyglucose (FDG)- positron emission tomography (PET) imaging, they found that the injection of the senescent
cells into the knee region caused leg pain, impaired mobility and characteristics of osteoarthritis, including damage to surrounding cartilage, X-ray
changes, increased pain and impaired
function.
In a new paper, Brown University researchers show one: proliferation helps
change the NK
cells»
function from stimulating the immune response to calming it down, lest it get out of hand.
Stress can cause
changes in the
function of the immune system, including reducing the number of natural killer
cells that are known to battle cancer.
«It is likely to be part of the mechanism for
changing the
functions of other immune
cells, and the insight may help
in designing vaccines.»
Ozone treatment caused no
changes in the PLGA and no loss of
function, with
cells still able to grow on the polymer scaffold, as they would
in treatments.
Astrocytes could thus play a key role
in the early stages of the disease and
changes in the
function of these
cells could lead to neurodegeneration.
«Many proteins
in the
cell are sensitive to ROS, and will
change their
function when exposed to this chemical.»
Based on real - time readings on the ISS, UZH scientists can now reveal that
cells are able to respond to
changes in gravitational conditions extremely quickly and keep on
functioning.
In a companion study also published in Science, Nick Haining, MD, and colleagues from Dana - Farber Cancer Institute, also found a distinct epigenetic landscape for exhausted T cells in mice and humans, and they were able to ascribe key functions in T cell exhaustion to some of these epigenetic change
In a companion study also published
in Science, Nick Haining, MD, and colleagues from Dana - Farber Cancer Institute, also found a distinct epigenetic landscape for exhausted T cells in mice and humans, and they were able to ascribe key functions in T cell exhaustion to some of these epigenetic change
in Science, Nick Haining, MD, and colleagues from Dana - Farber Cancer Institute, also found a distinct epigenetic landscape for exhausted T
cells in mice and humans, and they were able to ascribe key functions in T cell exhaustion to some of these epigenetic change
in mice and humans, and they were able to ascribe key
functions in T cell exhaustion to some of these epigenetic change
in T
cell exhaustion to some of these epigenetic
changes.
By combining SNP - targeting allele - specific silencing and gain - of -
function approaches, we showed that a 46 - glutamine expansion
in human HTT was sufficient for a dominant - negative effect on spindle orientation and
changes in the distribution within the spindle pole and the
cell cortex of dynein, p150Glued and NuMA
in neural
cells.
g (acceleration due to gravity) G (gravitational constant) G star G1.9 +0.3 gabbro Gabor, Dennis (1900 — 1979) Gabriel's Horn Gacrux (Gamma Crucis) gadolinium Gagarin, Yuri Alexeyevich (1934 — 1968) Gagarin Cosmonaut Training Center GAIA Gaia Hypothesis galactic anticenter galactic bulge galactic center Galactic Club galactic coordinates galactic disk galactic empire galactic equator galactic habitable zone galactic halo galactic magnetic field galactic noise galactic plane galactic rotation galactose Galatea GALAXIES galaxy galaxy cannibalism galaxy classification galaxy formation galaxy interaction galaxy merger Galaxy, The Galaxy satellite series Gale Crater Galen (c. AD 129 — c. 216) galena GALEX (Galaxy Evolution Explorer) Galilean satellites Galilean telescope Galileo (Galilei, Galileo)(1564 — 1642) Galileo (spacecraft) Galileo Europa Mission (GEM) Galileo satellite navigation system gall gall bladder Galle, Johann Gottfried (1812 — 1910) gallic acid gallium gallon gallstone Galois, Évariste (1811 — 1832) Galois theory Galton, Francis (1822 — 1911) Galvani, Luigi (1737 — 1798) galvanizing galvanometer game game theory GAMES AND PUZZLES gamete gametophyte Gamma (Soviet orbiting telescope) Gamma Cassiopeiae Gamma Cassiopeiae star gamma
function gamma globulin gamma rays Gamma Velorum gamma - ray burst gamma - ray satellites Gamow, George (1904 — 1968) ganglion gangrene Ganswindt, Hermann (1856 — 1934) Ganymede «garbage theory», of the origin of life Gardner, Martin (1914 — 2010) Garneau, Marc (1949 ---RRB- garnet Garnet Star (Mu Cephei) Garnet Star Nebula (IC 1396) garnierite Garriott, Owen K. (1930 ---RRB- Garuda gas gas chromatography gas constant gas giant gas laws gas - bounded nebula gaseous nebula gaseous propellant gaseous - propellant rocket engine gasoline Gaspra (minor planet 951) Gassendi, Pierre (1592 — 1655) gastric juice gastrin gastrocnemius gastroenteritis gastrointestinal tract gastropod gastrulation Gatewood, George D. (1940 ---RRB- Gauer - Henry reflex gauge boson gauge theory gauss (unit) Gauss, Carl Friedrich (1777 — 1855) Gaussian distribution Gay - Lussac, Joseph Louis (1778 — 1850) GCOM (Global
Change Observing Mission) Geber (c. 720 — 815) gegenschein Geiger, Hans Wilhelm (1882 — 1945) Geiger - Müller counter Giessler tube gel gelatin Gelfond's theorem Gell - Mann, Murray (1929 ---RRB- GEM «gemination,» of martian canals Geminga Gemini (constellation) Gemini Observatory Gemini Project Gemini - Titan II gemstone gene gene expression gene mapping gene pool gene therapy gene transfer General Catalogue of Variable Stars (GCVS) general precession general theory of relativity generation ship generator Genesis (inflatable orbiting module) Genesis (sample return probe) genetic code genetic counseling genetic disorder genetic drift genetic engineering genetic marker genetic material genetic pool genetic recombination genetics GENETICS AND HEREDITY Geneva Extrasolar Planet Search Program genome genome, interstellar transmission of genotype gentian violet genus geoboard geode geodesic geodesy geodesy satellites geodetic precession Geographos (minor planet 1620) geography GEOGRAPHY Geo - IK geologic time geology GEOLOGY AND PLANETARY SCIENCE geomagnetic field geomagnetic storm geometric mean geometric sequence geometry GEOMETRY geometry puzzles geophysics GEOS (Geodetic Earth Orbiting Satellite) Geosat geostationary orbit geosynchronous orbit geosynchronous / geostationary transfer orbit (GTO) geosyncline Geotail (satellite) geotropism germ germ
cells Germain, Sophie (1776 — 1831) German Rocket Society germanium germination Gesner, Konrad von (1516 — 1565) gestation Get Off the Earth puzzle Gettier problem geyser g - force GFO (Geosat Follow - On) GFZ - 1 (GeoForschungsZentrum) ghost crater Ghost Head Nebula (NGC 2080) ghost image Ghost of Jupiter (NGC 3242) Giacconi, Riccardo (1931 ---RRB- Giacobini - Zinner, Comet (Comet 21P /) Giaever, Ivar (1929 ---RRB- giant branch Giant Magellan Telescope giant molecular cloud giant planet giant star Giant's Causeway Giauque, William Francis (1895 — 1982) gibberellins Gibbs, Josiah Willard (1839 — 1903) Gibbs free energy Gibson, Edward G. (1936 ---RRB- Gilbert, William (1544 — 1603) gilbert (unit) Gilbreath's conjecture gilding gill gill (unit) Gilruth, Robert R. (1913 — 2000) gilsonite gimbal Ginga ginkgo Giotto (ESA Halley probe) GIRD (Gruppa Isutcheniya Reaktivnovo Dvisheniya) girder glacial drift glacial groove glacier gland Glaser, Donald Arthur (1926 — 2013) Glashow, Sheldon (1932 ---RRB- glass GLAST (Gamma - ray Large Area Space Telescope) Glauber, Johann Rudolf (1607 — 1670) glaucoma glauconite Glenn, John Herschel, Jr. (1921 ---RRB- Glenn Research Center Glennan, T (homas) Keith (1905 — 1995) glenoid cavity glia glial
cell glider Gliese 229B Gliese 581 Gliese 67 (HD 10307, HIP 7918) Gliese 710 (HD 168442, HIP 89825) Gliese 86 Gliese 876 Gliese Catalogue glioma glissette glitch Global Astrometric Interferometer for Astrophysics (GAIA) Global Oscillation Network Group (GONG) Globalstar globe Globigerina globular cluster globular proteins globule globulin globus pallidus GLOMR (Global Low Orbiting Message Relay) GLONASS (Global Navigation Satellite System) glossopharyngeal nerve Gloster E. 28/39 glottis glow - worm glucagon glucocorticoid glucose glucoside gluon Glushko, Valentin Petrovitch (1908 — 1989) glutamic acid glutamine gluten gluteus maximus glycerol glycine glycogen glycol glycolysis glycoprotein glycosidic bond glycosuria glyoxysome GMS (Geosynchronous Meteorological Satellite) GMT (Greenwich Mean Time) Gnathostomata gneiss Go Go, No - go goblet
cell GOCE (Gravity field and steady - state Ocean Circulation Explorer) God Goddard, Robert Hutchings (1882 — 1945) Goddard Institute for Space Studies Goddard Space Flight Center Gödel, Kurt (1906 — 1978) Gödel universe Godwin, Francis (1562 — 1633) GOES (Geostationary Operational Environmental Satellite) goethite goiter gold Gold, Thomas (1920 — 2004) Goldbach conjecture golden ratio (phi) Goldin, Daniel Saul (1940 ---RRB- gold - leaf electroscope Goldstone Tracking Facility Golgi, Camillo (1844 — 1926) Golgi apparatus Golomb, Solomon W. (1932 — 2016) golygon GOMS (Geostationary Operational Meteorological Satellite) gonad gonadotrophin - releasing hormone gonadotrophins Gondwanaland Gonets goniatite goniometer gonorrhea Goodricke, John (1764 — 1786) googol Gordian Knot Gordon, Richard Francis, Jr. (1929 — 2017) Gore, John Ellard (1845 — 1910) gorge gorilla Gorizont Gott loop Goudsmit, Samuel Abraham (1902 — 1978) Gould, Benjamin Apthorp (1824 — 1896) Gould, Stephen Jay (1941 — 2002) Gould Belt gout governor GPS (Global Positioning System) Graaf, Regnier de (1641 — 1673) Graafian follicle GRAB graben GRACE (Gravity Recovery and Climate Experiment) graceful graph gradient Graham, Ronald (1935 ---RRB- Graham, Thomas (1805 — 1869) Graham's law of diffusion Graham's number GRAIL (Gravity Recovery and Interior Laboratory) grain (cereal) grain (unit) gram gram - atom Gramme, Zénobe Théophile (1826 — 1901) gramophone Gram's stain Gran Telescopio Canarias (GTC) Granat Grand Tour grand unified theory (GUT) Grandfather Paradox Granit, Ragnar Arthur (1900 — 1991) granite granulation granule granulocyte graph graph theory graphene graphite GRAPHS AND GRAPH THEORY graptolite grass grassland gravel graveyard orbit gravimeter gravimetric analysis Gravitational Biology Facility gravitational collapse gravitational constant (G) gravitational instability gravitational lens gravitational life gravitational lock gravitational microlensing GRAVITATIONAL PHYSICS gravitational slingshot effect gravitational waves graviton gravity gravity gradient gravity gradient stabilization Gravity Probe A Gravity Probe B gravity - assist gray (Gy) gray goo gray matter grazing - incidence telescope Great Annihilator Great Attractor great circle Great Comets Great Hercules Cluster (M13, NGC 6205) Great Monad Great Observatories Great Red Spot Great Rift (
in Milky Way) Great Rift Valley Great Square of Pegasus Great Wall greater omentum greatest elongation Green, George (1793 — 1841) Green, Nathaniel E. Green, Thomas Hill (1836 — 1882) green algae Green Bank Green Bank conference (1961) Green Bank Telescope green flash greenhouse effect greenhouse gases Green's theorem Greg, Percy (1836 — 1889) Gregorian calendar Grelling's paradox Griffith, George (1857 — 1906) Griffith Observatory Grignard, François Auguste Victor (1871 — 1935) Grignard reagent grike Grimaldi, Francesco Maria (1618 — 1663) Grissom, Virgil (1926 — 1967) grit gritstone Groom Lake Groombridge 34 Groombridge Catalogue gross ground, electrical ground state ground - track group group theory GROUPS AND GROUP THEORY growing season growth growth hormone growth hormone - releasing hormone growth plate Grudge, Project Gruithuisen, Franz von Paula (1774 — 1852) Grus (constellation) Grus Quartet (NGC 7552, NGC 7582, NGC 7590, and NGC 7599) GSLV (Geosynchronous Satellite Launch Vehicle) g - suit G - type asteroid Guericke, Otto von (1602 — 1686) guanine Guiana Space Centre guidance, inertial Guide Star Catalog (GSC) guided missile guided missiles, postwar development Guillaume, Charles Édouard (1861 — 1938) Gulf Stream (ocean current) Gulfstream (jet plane) Gullstrand, Allvar (1862 — 1930) gum Gum Nebula gun metal gunpowder Gurwin Gusev Crater gut Gutenberg, Johann (c. 1400 — 1468) Guy, Richard Kenneth (1916 ---RRB- guyot Guzman Prize gymnosperm gynecology gynoecium gypsum gyrocompass gyrofrequency gyropilot gyroscope gyrostabilizer Gyulbudagian's Nebula (HH215)
Our current research focuses on identifying the molecular and cellular interface that blood proteins use to interact with and
change the
functions of
cells in the nervous system.
«Over the past ten years, several research groups, including our own, have shown the importance of certain immune
cell subsets
in preventing or exacerbating heart disease
in mice, but we are just beginning to understand how the metabolism and
function of these immune
cells change during cardiovascular disease progression
in humans,» says Hedrick.
Quantitative
Changes in Microtubule Distribution Correlate with Guard
Cell Function in Arabidopsis.
With the reference
cell census data
in hand, the research team is excited to conduct additional studies, including ones involving models or human patients with gastrointestinal conditions — Crohn's disease, ulcerative colitis, gastrointestinal cancers, forms of food allergy, etc. — aimed at identifying
changes in gene expression and epithelial structure and
function that could reveal new insights and opportunities for therapeutic development.
As they develop microscopy techniques to better visualise the details of chromatin structure, even
in living
cells, they're better able to explore how structural
changes relate to gene expression and
cell function.
«The human genome sequence provided a blueprint of all the protein - coding genes
in the human genome for the first time,» reveals Jan Ellenberg, Head of the
Cell Biology and Biophysics Unit at EMBL Heidelberg, «this
changed how we go about studying protein
function.»
Health improvement (allowing to post - pone / escape the diseases and thus live, healthier / disease - free longer, but not above human MLSP of around 122 years; thus these therapies do not affect epigenetic aging whatsoever, they are degenerative aging problems not regular healthy aging problem (except OncoSENS - only when you Already Have Cancer - which cancer increases epigenetic aging, but cancer removal thus does not
change anything / makes no difference about what happens
in the other
cells / about what happens in the normal epigenetic «aging» course in Normal non-cancerous healthy cells) Although there is not such thing as «healthy aging» all aging in «unhealthy» (as seen from elders who are «healthy enough» who show much damage), it's just «tolerable / liveable» enough (in terms of damage accumulating) that it does not affect their quality of life (enough yet), that is «healthy aging»: ApoptoSENS - Clearing Senescent Cells (this will have great impact to reduce diseases, the largest one, since it's all inflammation fueled by the inflammation secretory phenotype (SASP) of these senescent cells) AmyloSENS - Dissolving the Plaques (this will allow humans to evade Alzheimer's, Parkinsons and general brain degenerescence, allowing quite a boost; making people much more easily reach the big 100 - since the brain is causal to how long we live; keeping brain amyloid - free and keeping our memories / neuron sharp / means longer LongTerm Potentiation - means longer brain function means longer heavy brain mass (gray matter / white matter retention seen in «sharp - witted» Centenarians who show are younger brain for their age), and both are correlated to M
cells / about what happens
in the normal epigenetic «aging» course
in Normal non-cancerous healthy
cells) Although there is not such thing as «healthy aging» all aging in «unhealthy» (as seen from elders who are «healthy enough» who show much damage), it's just «tolerable / liveable» enough (in terms of damage accumulating) that it does not affect their quality of life (enough yet), that is «healthy aging»: ApoptoSENS - Clearing Senescent Cells (this will have great impact to reduce diseases, the largest one, since it's all inflammation fueled by the inflammation secretory phenotype (SASP) of these senescent cells) AmyloSENS - Dissolving the Plaques (this will allow humans to evade Alzheimer's, Parkinsons and general brain degenerescence, allowing quite a boost; making people much more easily reach the big 100 - since the brain is causal to how long we live; keeping brain amyloid - free and keeping our memories / neuron sharp / means longer LongTerm Potentiation - means longer brain function means longer heavy brain mass (gray matter / white matter retention seen in «sharp - witted» Centenarians who show are younger brain for their age), and both are correlated to M
cells) Although there is not such thing as «healthy aging» all aging
in «unhealthy» (as seen from elders who are «healthy enough» who show much damage), it's just «tolerable / liveable» enough (
in terms of damage accumulating) that it does not affect their quality of life (enough yet), that is «healthy aging»: ApoptoSENS - Clearing Senescent
Cells (this will have great impact to reduce diseases, the largest one, since it's all inflammation fueled by the inflammation secretory phenotype (SASP) of these senescent cells) AmyloSENS - Dissolving the Plaques (this will allow humans to evade Alzheimer's, Parkinsons and general brain degenerescence, allowing quite a boost; making people much more easily reach the big 100 - since the brain is causal to how long we live; keeping brain amyloid - free and keeping our memories / neuron sharp / means longer LongTerm Potentiation - means longer brain function means longer heavy brain mass (gray matter / white matter retention seen in «sharp - witted» Centenarians who show are younger brain for their age), and both are correlated to M
Cells (this will have great impact to reduce diseases, the largest one, since it's all inflammation fueled by the inflammation secretory phenotype (SASP) of these senescent
cells) AmyloSENS - Dissolving the Plaques (this will allow humans to evade Alzheimer's, Parkinsons and general brain degenerescence, allowing quite a boost; making people much more easily reach the big 100 - since the brain is causal to how long we live; keeping brain amyloid - free and keeping our memories / neuron sharp / means longer LongTerm Potentiation - means longer brain function means longer heavy brain mass (gray matter / white matter retention seen in «sharp - witted» Centenarians who show are younger brain for their age), and both are correlated to M
cells) AmyloSENS - Dissolving the Plaques (this will allow humans to evade Alzheimer's, Parkinsons and general brain degenerescence, allowing quite a boost; making people much more easily reach the big 100 - since the brain is causal to how long we live; keeping brain amyloid - free and keeping our memories / neuron sharp / means longer LongTerm Potentiation - means longer brain
function means longer heavy brain mass (gray matter / white matter retention seen
in «sharp - witted» Centenarians who show are younger brain for their age), and both are correlated to MLSP).
TB bacteria take advantage of this convergence of
cell functions to
change conditions
in their favor.
The researchers note that
in the mammalian brain, whose
cells do not divide, prions pass between
cells and
function as infectious agents;
in yeast, they produce heritable
changes from one generation to the next.
A targeted approach will develop vaccines that can reverse these age - related
changes in T -
cell responses, particularly the
functions of cytotoxic T lymphocytes.
His discoveries include insights into how
changes in gene expression affect T
cell exhaustion, a waning of immune
function that occurs
in response to chronic viral infection and cancer.
Nevertheless, the burst properties reported
in this study strongly support the idea that the deeper layers of the SC act as an optimal controller: the systematic organization of peak firing rates and burst durations as
function of saccade amplitude along the motor map, the synchronous
change in firing rate of recruited
cells in the population, and the shaping of the temporal burst profile of a given
cell with the currently planned saccade, all contribute to the generation of straight eye - movement trajectories with optimal kinematics.
He is investigating both how the genome is packaged, protected, sequestered, and made accessible within the
cell nucleus, as well as how
changes in DNA sequence relates
changes in structure and
function of encoded biological macromolecules.
(2006) Potential Impact of Glial Hypertrophy and Proteoglycan
Changes on Retinal Ganglion
Cell Function in the DBA / 2 Mouse Model of Glaucoma (Investigative Ophthalmology & Visual Science, 47: ARVO E-Abstract 1576).
Within this ecosystem, innate and adaptive immune
cells maintain and protect tissue
function, integrity, and homeostasis upon
changes in functional demands and diverse insults.