Sentences with phrase «changes in emission amounts»

In cases where a regulatory proposal deals with carbon emissions (e.g. regulation of emissions from vehicles or coal - fired power plants), SCC is used to express the monetary value of changes in emission amounts.

Not exact matches

How critical is this transformation of the grid to getting the amount of renewables we need to be on track to make significant cuts in greenhouse gas emissions, the kind of cuts that we need to forestall or minimize global climate change?

Their findings: natural influences such as changes in the amount of sunlight or volcanic eruptions did not explain the warming trends, but the results matched when increasing levels of greenhouse gas emissions were added to the mix.

«The amount and diversity of pesticides, pharmaceuticals and other industrial chemicals that humans are releasing into the environment are increasing at rates that match or exceed recent increases in CO2 emissions, nutrient pollution from nitrogen fertilizers, and other drivers of global change,» Bernhardt said.

The amount of carbon that could be released to the atmosphere by this savannization process is significantâ equivalent to several years of worldwide carbon emissions â and could accelerate climate change processes already in place.

But the annual amount of human - caused global emissions of carbon dioxide, the main greenhouse gas driving climate change, is now about 50 percent larger than in 1992.

While the headline figure of 40 % is already far below what is necessary both to tackle climate change and spur the green economy, it would actually amount to a mere 33 % reduction in reality, due to the failure to retire excess emissions allowances in the EU's emissions trading scheme.

It should be pointed out here, that the amount of change in downward heat radiation from changes in cloud cover in the experiment, are far greater than the gradual change in warming provided by human greenhouse gas emissions, but the relationship was nevertheless established.

But models are not tuned to the trends in surface temperature, and as Gavin noted before (at least for the GISS model), the aerosol amounts are derived from simulations using emissions data and direct effects determined by changes in concentrations.

Reductions in sea ice and other changes may affect the amount of Carbon Dioxide absorbed by the Arctic Ocean, while thawing permafrost is expected to increase emissions of methane.

(PS when refraction occurs, the intensity in the absence of scattering, absorption, emission, or reflection, changes because the same amount of radiation is compressed or expanded to different solid angles as the real component of the refractive index n changes.

In the report released today by the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change, the world's top scientists warned that global warming is unequivocally man - made and will become irreversible if we do not act now to reduce the amount of carbon emissions released into the atmosphere.

The ability of a band to shape the temperature profile of the whole atmosphere should tend to be maximum at intermediate optical thicknesses (for a given band width), because at small optical thicknesses, the amounts of emission and absorption within any layer will be small relative to what happens in other bands, while at large optical thicknesses, the net fluxes will tend to go to zero (except near TOA and, absent convection, the surface) and will be insensitive to changes in the temperature profile (except near TOA), thus allowing other bands greater control over the temperature profile (depending on wavelength — greater influence for bands with larger bandwidths at wavelengths closer to the peak wavelength — which will depend on temperature and thus vary with height.

Once the ice reaches the equator, the equilibrium climate is significantly colder than what would initiate melting at the equator, but if CO2 from geologic emissions build up (they would, but very slowly — geochemical processes provide a negative feedback by changing atmospheric CO2 in response to climate changes, but this is generally very slow, and thus can not prevent faster changes from faster external forcings) enough, it can initiate melting — what happens then is a runaway in the opposite direction (until the ice is completely gone — the extreme warmth and CO2 amount at that point, combined with left - over glacial debris available for chemical weathering, will draw CO2 out of the atmosphere, possibly allowing some ice to return).

In particular, future greenhouse gas emissions depend on societal choices, policies, and technology advancements not yet made, and climate - change impacts depend on both the amount of climate change that occurs and the effectiveness of development in reducing exposure and vulnerabilitIn particular, future greenhouse gas emissions depend on societal choices, policies, and technology advancements not yet made, and climate - change impacts depend on both the amount of climate change that occurs and the effectiveness of development in reducing exposure and vulnerabilitin reducing exposure and vulnerability.

The second study meanwhile looked at how aerosol emissions impact the Earth's temperature through a phenomenon the researchers call «transient climate sensitivity,» or how much of the Earth's temperature will change when the amount of carbon dioxide in the atmosphere reaches twice its level during the pre-industrial times.

They say their findings, which focused on the effect titling had on forest clearing and disturbance in the Peruvian Amazon between 2002 and 2005, suggest that the increasing trend towards decentralized forest governance via granting indigenous groups and other local communities formal legal title to their lands could play a key role in global efforts to slow both tropical forest destruction, which the researchers note is responsible for about the same amount of greenhouse gas emissions as the transportation sector, and climate change.»

In recent years, Bezdek has been very vocal in his opposition to new U.S. regulations on greenhouse gas emissions and argues that excessive amounts of C02 are good for the planet and that the scientfic consensus on climate change is a «manufactured myth.&raquIn recent years, Bezdek has been very vocal in his opposition to new U.S. regulations on greenhouse gas emissions and argues that excessive amounts of C02 are good for the planet and that the scientfic consensus on climate change is a «manufactured myth.&raquin his opposition to new U.S. regulations on greenhouse gas emissions and argues that excessive amounts of C02 are good for the planet and that the scientfic consensus on climate change is a «manufactured myth.»

These changes in land use would be expected to reduce carbon dioxide emissions from soils, and increase carbon sequestering by means of an increase in soil organic matter.However, this reduction in amount of land in summerfallow, and an increase in land in crop, has been accompanied by an increase in use of nitrogen fertilizers.

If we as a society are able to significantly reduce our emissions of greenhouse gases (especially carbon dioxide) to the levels identified in Oregon's statewide goals and the global Paris climate agreement, we can reduce the amount and speed of future climate change and its associated impacts.

According to Lackner, the amount of carbon dioxide in the atmosphere has reached the point where simply reducing emissions will not be enough to tackle climate change.

While the greenhouse gas footprint of the production of other foods, compared to sources such as livestock, is highly dependent on a number of factors, production of livestock currently accounts for about 30 % of the U.S. total emissions of methane.316, 320,325,326 This amount of methane can be reduced somewhat by recovery methods such as the use of biogas digesters, but future changes in dietary practices, including those motivated by considerations other than climate change mitigation, could also have an effect on the amount of methane emitted to the atmosphere.327

The magnitude of climate change beyond the next few decades will depend primarily on the amount of greenhouse (heat - trapping) gases emitted globally and on the remaining uncertainty in the sensitivity of Earth's climate to those emissions (very high confidence).

In contrast, under relatively low amounts of climate change (low climate sensitivity and lower emissions, as represented by PCM B1 projections), and allowing for dispersal (Fig. 1, G and H), diversity increases across extensive areas, particularly the northern coasts.

These are — and dramatic changes in the rate of growth of human population (the «generators» of the human emissions)-- an upper limit to the amount of carbon contained in all the fossil fuels remaining on our planet

With carbon dioxide levels shooting up to unprecedented levels, it is high time we group together for a concerted action against the huge amounts of climate - change - inducing emissions from fires in Hell.

Starting in January 2011, large industrial facilities that must already obtain Clean Air Act permits for non-GHGs must also include GHG requirements in these permits if they are newly constructed and have the potential to emit 75,000 tons per year of carbon dioxide equivalent (CO2e) or more or if they make changes at the facility that increase GHG emissions by that amount.

«(B) limit the electricity emissions intensity factor, calculated under paragraph (3)(B) and resulting from a change in electricity supply, for any entity to an amount that is not greater than it was during any previous year; and

--(1) The Administrator shall auction pursuant to section 791 emission allowances for the benefit of workers pursuant to part 2 of subtitle B of the American Clean Energy and Security Act of 2009 in the following amounts, and shall deposit into the Climate Change Worker Adjustment Assistance Fund established pursuant to section 793, and report to the Secretary of Labor on, the proceeds from the sale of these allowances:

Many opponents of climate change policies argue that countries like the United States should not have to reduce their ghg emissions until China reduces its emissions by comparable amounts because China is now the largest emitter of all nations in terms of total tons, yet such an argument usually ignores the historical responsibility of countries like the United States which the following illustration reveals is more than twice as responsible for current elevated atmospheric ghg concentrations than China is.

Despite Queensland traditionally accounting for the bulk of land - clearing in Australia, the federal government's greenhouse gas inventory for the 2015 - 16 year showed emissions from land use changes only amounted to 1.7 million tonnes.

However, research shows that using solar geoengineering could indirectly lower the amount of CO2 in the atmosphere by stemming permafrost melt, reducing energy - sector emissions and causing changes to the carbon - cycle feedback.

In an attempt to reduce the amount of vehicle emissions, car manufactures have changed to using alternative fuels.

In the chart below we separate out the changes into the emission intensity (emissions per unit economic activity, dark blue), production structure (the relationship between industry sectors, pink), export structure (the mix of products exported, bright green) and export volume (the total amount of exports, light blue).

It will not rise at all if the absorption is balanced by an equal amount of emission (as would occur if its emissivity would be increased from a change in its molecular composition — e.g. the formation of ozone from UV radiation or mixing a little CO2 within it).

In calculations for Slate, Michael Shellenberger, one of the founders of the «ecomodernist» philosophy that advocates for a technology - focused approach to tackling climate change that includes support for nuclear power, figured out that «under Sanders» proposal to not re-license nuclear plants, U.S. carbon emissions would increase by a minimum of 2 billion tons, about the same amount as the U.S. produces each year making electricity.»

First, because emissions are lower, there is a reduced amount of (future) environmental harm, in the form of climate change damages.

The report emphasized that «sizable early cuts in emissions would significantly reduce the pace and the overall amount of climate change.

The control knob for climate change is the amount of dimming sulfur dioxide aerosol emissions in the atmosphere — the fewer there are, the warmer it gets — and we are reducing them as fast as we can, thanks to the EPA.

The committee also separately derived a range of values for damages from climate change, and found that each ton of carbon dioxide emissions will be far worse in 2030 than now: «even if the total amount of annual emissions remains steady, the damages caused by each ton would increase 50 percent to 80 percent.»

Projected changes in the climate of West Siberia, especially under the high emissions scenario22, greatly increases the amount of territory that is likely to experience the hotter weather that sets up extreme fire danger.

Even if our CO2 emissions were to increase the temperature the effect would be indiscernible because the amount of change would be related to total atmospheric mass and not related to the proportionate increase in CO2

In a study to be published in Mitigation and Adaptation Strategies for Global Change, Fearnside estimates that in 1990 the greenhouse effect of emissions from the Curuá - Una dam in Pará, Brazil, was more than three - and - a-half times what would have been produced by generating the same amount of electricity from oiIn a study to be published in Mitigation and Adaptation Strategies for Global Change, Fearnside estimates that in 1990 the greenhouse effect of emissions from the Curuá - Una dam in Pará, Brazil, was more than three - and - a-half times what would have been produced by generating the same amount of electricity from oiin Mitigation and Adaptation Strategies for Global Change, Fearnside estimates that in 1990 the greenhouse effect of emissions from the Curuá - Una dam in Pará, Brazil, was more than three - and - a-half times what would have been produced by generating the same amount of electricity from oiin 1990 the greenhouse effect of emissions from the Curuá - Una dam in Pará, Brazil, was more than three - and - a-half times what would have been produced by generating the same amount of electricity from oiin Pará, Brazil, was more than three - and - a-half times what would have been produced by generating the same amount of electricity from oil.

To simplify the idea — if 95 % of atmospheric CO2 is natural but we do not know how much overall the natural emissions amounts change over time, but we do know they change, it is easy to see that a 10 % change in natural emissions would have potentially great change to total CO2.

As well as that, in order to avoid penalizing the poorest and people who are least - responsible for causing climate change, we should exclude from these historical emissions an amount that would have been necessary for people to have dignified lives — a.k.a. «survival» emissions.

But the annual amount of human - caused global emissions of carbon dioxide, the main greenhouse gas driving climate change, is now about 50 percent larger than in 1992.

Yang co-authored a recent paper on the topic in Nature Climate Change, noting that SNG produces greenhouse gas emissions seven times that of conventional natural gas while requiring vast amounts of water.

For the UK to be on track to achieve the emission reductions required by the Climate Change Act, it would have to become as carbon efficient as France by about 2015; which magnitudinous challenge would require the equivalent of the UK constructing and putting into service about 30 new nuclear power stations in the next five years, while retiring an equal amount of coal - fired generation!

In order to offset the temperature change from a doubling of CO2 emissions, you only have to reflect a small amount of sunlight away from the earth — one or two percent.

Noting that energy efficiency measures alone could get us to reduce emissions 80 % by 2050 (the amount most scientists say we need to cut in order to avoid the worst of climate change), he pointed out that there's an entire potential workforce ready to be trained to retrofit buildings and do other green jobs — and that it makes perfect economic sense.