Sentences with phrase «changes in gene activity»

It explains how changes in gene activity can occur without changing our actual DNA.

Surprised by these day - night changes in gene activity, the team decided to analyse data collected by a specialist burn injuries unit at the University of Manchester, UK.

The most notable changes in gene activity were related to stress response and immune function.

This approach has revealed new insights into the timing and coordination of the changes in gene activity and modifications to the DNA that occur as cells are reprogrammed from one state to another.

PEOPLE who have chronic pain are more likely to experience mood disorders, and the two may be linked by changes in gene activity.

Thorough study of changes in the gene activity regulation mechanism showed that reprogrammed and embryonic stem cells are similar.

Warning: Smoking permanently damages genes Heavy smoking may trigger long - lasting changes in gene activity, possibly explaining the persistently higher risk of lung cancer and disease in those who kick the habit, according to a new study.

They used a somewhat bizarre technique in which two mice were sutured together in such as way that they shared a circulatory system (known as parabiosis), and found old mice joined to their youthful counterparts showed changes in gene activity in a brain region called the hippocampus as well as increased neural connections and enhanced «synaptic plasticity» — a mechanism believed to underlie learning and memory in which the strength of neural connections change in response to experience.

The study links fox domestication to changes in gene activity in the pituitary gland, a brain center that kicks out hormones to regulate various bodily functions, including the stress response.

Not exact matches

But here's the good news: Researchers biopsied the participants» muscle cells and found that while the under - 30 group that did interval training experienced changed activity levels in 274 genes, those in the plus - 64 group experienced changes in activity among nearly 400 genes.

They found similar changes in gene expression in the same genes with increased activity of glucose transporters in both the stem cells and the fat cells, Sen noted.

Dramatic changes in DNA methylation, a process that usually quashes activity of nearby genes, occur during the first six months of brain development, researchers report February 3 in Genome Research.

Such tags alter gene activity without changing the information in genes.

The developing brain undergoes rapid and tightly coordinated changes in a molecular process known to help regulate gene activity, a new study shows.

When produced in excess during times of adversity, these particular miRNAs trigger epigenetic changes, which alter gene activity to cope with these environmental hardships.

Rather than search for changes in genes themselves, Pipes and her colleagues took an indirect approach, looking for differences in the activity of genes in the foxes» brains.

Later in life the genetic material can be changed by epigenetic modifications, i.e. chemical alterations of the DNA the affect the activity of the genes.

According to study co-author Larry J. Young of Emory University, the results provide evidence in a comparatively simple animal model that changes in the activity of a single gene profoundly can change a fundamental social behavior of animals within a species.

Dysfunction in dopamine signaling profoundly changes the activity level of about 2,000 genes in the brain's prefrontal cortex and may be an underlying cause of certain complex neuropsychiatric disorders, such as schizophrenia, according to UC Irvine scientists.

Ornish, who has built a reputation on advocating healthy living, and U.C.S.F. colleagues report in the journal Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences USA that they found the activity of more than 500 genes in the normal tissue of 30 men with low - risk prostate cancer changed after the patients began exercising regularly and eating diets heavy in fruit, veggies and whole grain (supplemented with soy, fish oil, the mineral selenium and vitamins C and E) and low in red meat and fats.

They also collected DNA to study epigenetics — changes in the activity of how a gene is expressed through environmental experiences, rather than alteration of the genetic code itself.

«There are genes and proteins that are expressed in a cell and their activity, or expression level, changes with time of day,» explained St. John.

Using in vitro, or test tube, experiments, the researchers applied these chemicals to human cancer cells to measure changes of estrogen receptor - and androgen receptor - target genes and transcriptional activity.

We even did gene - expression studies in flies showing that genes in their brains change their level of activity in waking and in sleep.

Compared with living people, Neandertals and ancient Siberians known as Denisovans had slightly different patterns of DNA methylation — a chemical modification of DNA that doesn't change the information in genes but helps control gene activity.

The decrease in FoxP2 produces changes in the activity of thousands of other genes.

The second insight involved changes in the evolution of gene regulation: As social complexity increased, so did the speed of changes to parts of the genome involved in regulating gene activity, located in the promoters of the genes, the researchers report.

For example, some people have a particular variant of the ADH1B gene that causes an amino acid change in this enzyme, which leads to faster enzyme activity so individuals with this variant metabolize alcohol more rapidly which means that acetaldehyde levels are temporarily increased.

Blau's group found that the daily changes in Rho1 activity are controlled by rhythms in transcription of a gene very similar to human Puratrophin - 1.

The specificity of this DNA cutting activity has made CRISPR - Cas the darling of gene therapy researchers, who have modified it to make precise changes in the genomes of cultured cells, laboratory animals, and even humans.

Scientists think that changes in crotonylation can alter gene activity by turning genes on or off.

Then, they added estrogen to see if gene activity changed, honing in on TLR8, an X chromosome - linked gene whose expression has already been implicated in the development of lupus.

Signals from gut bacteria can change the amount of crotonylation in the gut and so influence gene activity.

«Resilient mice overcome this change by counteradapting their gene expression [the suite of genes that act on the nucleus accumbens that are either turned on or off] to clamp down the levels of activity in the ventral tegmental area.»

The team found changes in the activity of nearly 40 genes in three brain regions known to be associated with depression and anxiety (Science Signaling, doi.org/b4rz).

In the current study, prediction analysis of gene expression data was implemented in order to identify the genes that are most useful to determine the state of cyclic changes in locomotor activitIn the current study, prediction analysis of gene expression data was implemented in order to identify the genes that are most useful to determine the state of cyclic changes in locomotor activitin order to identify the genes that are most useful to determine the state of cyclic changes in locomotor activitin locomotor activity.

Then, by comparing this ancient epigenome with that of modern humans, they identified genes whose activity had changed only in our own species during our most recent evolution.

Carrying two copies of a single - letter change in the DNA of chromosome 16 led to a 35 per cent increase in activity of the gene GSPT1 ¬ in men with testicular cancer, compared with those without.

On the negative side, the researchers found that many of the genes whose activity is unique to modern humans are linked to diseases like Alzheimer's disease, autism and schizophrenia, suggesting that these recent changes in our brain may underlie some of the psychiatric disorders that are so common in humans today.

In the current study, the researchers used infradian cyclic locomotor activity in the mutant mice as a proxy for mood - associated changes, and examined their molecular basis in the brain by conducting prediction analyses of the gene expression datIn the current study, the researchers used infradian cyclic locomotor activity in the mutant mice as a proxy for mood - associated changes, and examined their molecular basis in the brain by conducting prediction analyses of the gene expression datin the mutant mice as a proxy for mood - associated changes, and examined their molecular basis in the brain by conducting prediction analyses of the gene expression datin the brain by conducting prediction analyses of the gene expression data.

Once the bacterial cell signaling protein cagA reaches the host cytosol, it is capable of altering subsequent generations of progenitor cells, leading to the development of cancer through changes in mitotic activity, apoptosis, cellular assembly, and signaling.26 Although it should be noted that while the presence of the cagA protein doubles the risk of gastric cancer, cagA - negative strands also increase the risk of distal gastric cancer.27 Additional H pylori virulence factors include babA2, which encodes bacterial adhesion with gastric epithelial cells, and vacuolating cytotoxin A, which is encoded by the gene vacA.28, 29 H pylori strains carrying some combination of the babA2, cagA, and vacA genes were associated with the highest risk of developing intestinal metaplasia.

A long - term goal of our research is to understand how neuronal activity elicits changes in gene expression that are important for learning and memory.

Ronai's unique focus on how gene activity changes in cancer promises to continue establishing new paradigms for how cancers develop and respond to therapy.

Because they influence the activity of many «downstream» genetic targets, small changes in the expression of these regulatory genes can have an enormous impact.

The current report, which appears in the May 4, 2012 issue of the journal Cell Stem Cell, shows that these cells can also change their epigenomes, the patterns of DNA modifications that regulate the activity of specific genes — sometimes radically.

In a pioneering study, he applied these tools to a genome - wide study of disease - related changes in the epigenome — the layer atop the genome that controls gene activity and is altered by the environment — of immune cells isolated from patients with asthmIn a pioneering study, he applied these tools to a genome - wide study of disease - related changes in the epigenome — the layer atop the genome that controls gene activity and is altered by the environment — of immune cells isolated from patients with asthmin the epigenome — the layer atop the genome that controls gene activity and is altered by the environment — of immune cells isolated from patients with asthma.

They also support the existence of four related subtypes based on the patterns of DNA methylation — a chemical reaction in which a small molecule called a methyl group is added to DNA, changing the activity of individual genes.

New research from Emory University School of Medicine and Harvard Medical School provides insight into how estrogen changes gene activity in the brain to achieve its protective effects.

According to the findings it seems that regulation of gene activity is dependent on stuctural changes in the cell chromatine.

Haldar identified a drug that inhibits these proteins and returns their activity levels to normal, blocking the harmful changes in cardiac gene expression and halting the progression of heart damage.