Sentences with phrase «changes in greenhouse gas concentrations»

Although the conceptual model presented here was similar to the ideas discussed by Hulburt in 1931, he did not emphasise the vertical energy flow, the hydrological cycle, and changes in the greenhouse gas concentrations.

Computer models are an essential tool in understanding how the climate will respond to changes in greenhouse gas concentrations, and other external effects, such as solar output and volcanoes.

Changes in greenhouse gas concentrations may account for about half of the simulated tropical cooling (Shin et al., 2003), and for the production of colder and saltier water found at depth in the Southern Ocean (Liu et al., 2005).

On almost all time scales, natural changes in greenhouse gas concentrations appear to affect climate.

The IPCC acknowledges three potential drivers of climate change: (1) changes in incoming solar radiation (e.g. due to changes in the Earth's orbit or the Sun); (2) changes in reflected solar radiation (e.g. due to changes in low - level cloud cover); and (3) changes in outgoing longwave radiation (e.g. due to changes in greenhouse gas concentrations).

This research, he claims, virtually proves that the climate models used by the IPCC respond much too sensitively to external «forcing» due to changes in greenhouse gas concentrations, variations in solar radiation, and so on.

We instead conclude that solar forcing probably had a minor effect on Northern Hemisphere climate over the past 1,000 years, while, volcanic eruptions and changes in greenhouse gas concentrations seem to be the most important influence over this period.

This necessitates taking into account atmospheric radiative transfer so that any SST warming is driven by radiative changes (e.g., changes in greenhouse gas concentrations) and resultant changes in the surface fluxes.

Changes in this balance over time lead to the changes in greenhouse gas concentrations that have been observed to occur on geological (millions of year) timescales.

Climate sensitivity and Earth system sensitivity relate changes in greenhouse gas concentrations and other radiative forcers to changes in temperature, both in Earth's past and in the future.

Almost all the SOD's 10.2 % error standard deviation for greenhouse gas AF relates to the AF magnitude that a given change in the greenhouse gas concentration produces, not to uncertainty as to the change in concentration.

Not exact matches

But when asked by Sen. Bob Corker (R - TN) if human activity has contributed to climate change, Tillerson said that «the increase in the greenhouse gas concentrations in the atmosphere are having an effect,» and that «our ability to predict that effect is very limited.»

Biello: A lot of scientists that I've spoken to think we have no chance of meeting 450 ppm given that we haven't done hardly anything to change our course and there are other scientists who say that we have already well past kind of the safe point for concentration of the greenhouse gases in the atmosphere.

But critics like Fugere said that Exxon Mobil may be missing the bigger picture, especially in light of the most recent findings from the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change, which hold that the world is already witnessing the harsh realities of climate change and that conditions will worsen unless steps are taken quickly to reduce greenhouse gas concentrations (ClimateWire, MarcChange, which hold that the world is already witnessing the harsh realities of climate change and that conditions will worsen unless steps are taken quickly to reduce greenhouse gas concentrations (ClimateWire, Marcchange and that conditions will worsen unless steps are taken quickly to reduce greenhouse gas concentrations (ClimateWire, March 31).

However, solar variability alone can not explain the post-1970 global temperature trends, especially the global temperature rise in the last three decades of the 20th Century, which has been attributed by the Inter-Governmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) to increased concentrations of greenhouse gases in the atmosphere.»

Climate change caused by rising concentrations of greenhouse gases in the atmosphere is causing more extreme rainfall and snowfall — and floods

«There is a certain ironic satisfaction in seeing a study funded by the Koch Brothers — the greatest funders of climate change denial and disinformation on the planet — demonstrate what scientists have known with some degree of confidence for nearly two decades: that the globe is indeed warming, and that this warming can only be explained by human - caused increases in greenhouse gas concentrations,» he wrote.

The study does a «very nice job» of using different approaches to show that climate change is a dominant force, says Thomas Lovejoy, president of the H. John Heinz III Center for Science, Economics, and the Environment in Washington, D.C. «I think the single most important public policy [issue] here is agreeing on what the limit should be on greenhouse gas concentration,» he says.

He acknowledged that the words «climate change» can be controversial among some people, but added, «As far as greenhouse gas emissions and concentrations in the atmosphere, I don't think there's any controversy.

Taking factors such as sea surface temperature, greenhouse gases and natural aerosol particles into consideration, the researchers determined that changes in the concentration of black carbon could be the primary driving force behind the observed alterations to the hydrological cycle in the region.

This represents a shift in the usual analysis of climate change, particularly in international negotiations, which tend to focus on how much concentrations of greenhouse gases in the atmosphere will rise by a particular date.

Although the process is energy - and water - intensive, there is hope it could play a role in reducing the concentration of greenhouse gases in the atmosphere and minimizing the impact of climate change on the rest of the world.

Already, the planet's average temperature has warmed by 0.7 degree C, which is «very likely» (greater than 90 percent certain) to be a result of the rising concentrations of greenhouse gases in the atmosphere, according to the U.N. Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change.

It increases the ability to predict how changes in land use or climate warming could affect the sources and global concentrations of greenhouse gases in the atmosphere.

For the RCP8.5 projections, which represents stronger increases in greenhouse gas concentrations than RCP4.5, there was a striking level of consistency in the magnitude of change in AR frequency — all models showed an approximate doubling of the number of future ARs compared to the simulations for 1980 — 2005.

Although computer models used to project climate changes from increasing greenhouse gas concentrations consistently simulate an increasing upward airflow in the tropics with global warming, this flow can not be directly observed.

«Detailed chemical measurements in Antarctic ice cores show that massive, halogen - rich eruptions from the West Antarctic Mt. Takahe volcano coincided exactly with the onset of the most rapid, widespread climate change in the Southern Hemisphere during the end of the last ice age and the start of increasing global greenhouse gas concentrations,» according to McConnell, who leads DRI's ultra-trace chemical ice core analytical laboratory.

And those feedbacks ultimately determine the extent to which that initial warming will be amplified, but they don't even change the fact that you elevate greenhouse gas concentrations in the atmosphere and you'll get a warming of the surface.

«This underscores that large, sustained changes in global temperature like those observed over the last century require drivers such as increased greenhouse gas concentrations,» said lead author Patrick Brown, a PhD student at Duke's Nicholas School of the Environment.

Non-polar glacial ice holds a wealth of information about past changes in climate, the environment and especially atmospheric composition, such as variations in temperature, atmospheric concentrations of greenhouse gases and emissions of natural aerosols or human - made pollutants... The glaciers therefore hold the memory of former climates and help to predict future environmental changes.

In the Central Hardwoods, the effects of a changing climate are expected to include rising temperatures due to a rise in greenhouse gas concentrations, leading to longer growing seasonIn the Central Hardwoods, the effects of a changing climate are expected to include rising temperatures due to a rise in greenhouse gas concentrations, leading to longer growing seasonin greenhouse gas concentrations, leading to longer growing seasons.

The researchers warn, however, that the future evolution of the AMO remains uncertain, with many factors potentially affecting how it interacts with atmospheric circulation patterns, such as Arctic sea ice loss, changes in solar radiation, volcanic eruptions and concentrations of greenhouse gases in the atmosphere.

By studying the past climate, scientists can understand better how temperature responds to changes in greenhouse - gas concentrations in the atmosphere.

The reason may well be climate change caused by increasing concentrations of atmospheric greenhouse gases — now roughly 390 parts per million, up from 280 ppm in the 1700s.

At the same time, even if California meets its ambitious target, it may not make a huge dent in the atmospheric concentrations of greenhouse gases causing climate change.

«It is true that there are other factors (such as volcanism, the changes in the orbit and the axis of the Earth, the solar cycle), but numerous scientific studies indicate that most of the global warming in recent decades is due to the large concentration of greenhouse gases (carbon dioxide, methane, nitrogen oxide and others) mainly emitted due to human activity.»

In the midst of an unseasonably warm winter in the Pacific Northwest, a comparison of four publicly available climate projections has shown broad agreement that the region will become considerably warmer in the next century if greenhouse gas concentrations in the atmosphere rise to the highest levels projected in the the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) «business - as - usual» scenariIn the midst of an unseasonably warm winter in the Pacific Northwest, a comparison of four publicly available climate projections has shown broad agreement that the region will become considerably warmer in the next century if greenhouse gas concentrations in the atmosphere rise to the highest levels projected in the the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) «business - as - usual» scenariin the Pacific Northwest, a comparison of four publicly available climate projections has shown broad agreement that the region will become considerably warmer in the next century if greenhouse gas concentrations in the atmosphere rise to the highest levels projected in the the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) «business - as - usual» scenariin the next century if greenhouse gas concentrations in the atmosphere rise to the highest levels projected in the the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) «business - as - usual» scenariin the atmosphere rise to the highest levels projected in the the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) «business - as - usual» scenariin the the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) «business - as - usual» scenario.

To me the very fact that we have been inducing major changes in the concentration of greenhouse gases is alarming.

These rising atmospheric greenhouse gas concentrations have led to an increase in global average temperatures of ~ 0.2 °C decade — 1, much of which has been absorbed by the oceans, whilst the oceanic uptake of atmospheric CO2 has led to major changes in surface ocean pH (Levitus et al., 2000, 2005; Feely et al., 2008; Hoegh - Guldberg and Bruno, 2010; Mora et al., 2013; Roemmich et al., 2015).

ACPI assumes a 1 percent annual increase in the rate of greenhouse gas concentrations through the year 2100, for little change in precipitation and an average temperature increase of 1.5 to 2 degrees centigrade at least through the middle of 21st century.

Changes in important global atmospheric greenhouse gas concentrations from year 0 to 2005 AD (ppm, ppb = parts per million and parts per billion, respectively)(Forster et al. 2007).

Climate change scenarios are based on projections of future greenhouse gas (particularly carbon dioxide) emissions and resulting atmospheric concentrations given various plausible but imagined combinations of how governments, societies, economies, and technologies will change in the future.

For example, changes in Earth's atmospheric composition (especially the concentrations of greenhouse gases) may alter the climate, while climate change itself can change the atmospheric composition (for example by changing the rate at which weathering removes CO2).

«While there is substantial uncertainty in both the pace of change and the ultimate amounts of warming following an increase in greenhouse gas concentration,» Caldeira said, «there is little uncertainty in the basic outlook.

[2] According to the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC), most of the observed increase in global average temperatures since the mid-20th century is very likely due to the observed increase in human greenhouse gas concentrations.

Global climate change will occur as a result of global warming resulting from the greenhouse effect caused by the retention of heat in the lower atmosphere of the Earth caused by the concentration of gases of various kinds.

Res — math.ku.dk ``... Evidence is mounting that changes in global surface temperature can be attributed to human activities that increase the atmospheric concentration of greenhouse gases and tropospheric sulfates [Sanier et al, 1996a, 1996b].

But there are vast volumes of studies concluding that rising concentrations of greenhouse gases are already influencing the climate and will continue to raise the odds of fiercer floods, drier droughts and other disruptive changes, including a quickening pace of coastal retreats (and all as human populations soar in some of the world's most vulnerable places).

[Andy Revkin — Above, Mr. McCain appears to be using references to observed changes in ice and climate to fend off potential criticism from a small, but vocal array of climate scientists and conservative or anti-regulatory groups that disparage computer simulations showing the consequences of rising greenhouse - gas concentrations.]

If we knew ocean heat uptake as well as we know atmospheric temperature change, then we could pin down fairly well the radiative imbalance at the top of the atmosphere, which would give us a fair indication of how much warming is «in the pipeline» given current greenhouse gas concentrations.