Sentences with phrase «changes in specific genes»

Larsson is at the forefront of merging paleontology and molecular biology in an effort to connect major evolutionary changes — the development of new species and new characteristics, new shapes and structures, new kinds of animals — to changes in specific genes and in how those genes are regulated.

The Guardian article of August 21, 2015 describes the changes in a specific gene sequence associated with the regulation of stress hormones.

Not exact matches

The advance is based on a technique that allows scientists to narrow in on a specific gene and cut - and - paste bits of DNA to change its function, known as CRISPR - Cas9.

«Researchers have understood the importance of epigenetics in driving cancer growth, but the focus has been trying to reverse epigenetic changes to specific genes,» Feinberg says.

For example, changes in certain genes could indicate that his cancer was more likely to respond to a particular drug, while other mutations might predict little benefit from a specific therapy.

«U1 dysfunction might produce changes in RNA processing affecting many genes or specific changes affecting a few key genes that are important in Alzheimer's,» Lah says.

The study shows that even small, tissue - specific changes in the expression of genes can have noticeable morphological effects.

Epigenetic changes do not alter the information encoded in the DNA sequence itself but determine whether and to what extent specific genes are used by cells.

NIPD for single gene disorders in a fetus is diagnostic, as it targets specific genetic changes present in a high risk family.

But later in a pregnancy, even though the placenta does not obviously change in appearance, it invokes genes that are much newer and more species - specific.

The change in the gene alters the BDNF protein: The amino acid methionine (Met) is incorporated at a specific site in the protein instead of valine (Val).

The genomics era has had a profound impact on life science research, leading to significant developments such as the use of expression quantitative trait loci (eQTLs), which link polymorphisms in single genes to quantifiable changes in gene expression associated with specific diseases.

Genes with mammoth - specific changes were most strongly linked to fat metabolism (including brown fat regulation), insulin signaling, skin and hair development (including genes associated with lighter hair color), temperature sensation and circadian clock biology — all of which would have been important for adapting to the extreme cold and dramatic seasonal variations in day length in the ArGenes with mammoth - specific changes were most strongly linked to fat metabolism (including brown fat regulation), insulin signaling, skin and hair development (including genes associated with lighter hair color), temperature sensation and circadian clock biology — all of which would have been important for adapting to the extreme cold and dramatic seasonal variations in day length in the Argenes associated with lighter hair color), temperature sensation and circadian clock biology — all of which would have been important for adapting to the extreme cold and dramatic seasonal variations in day length in the Arctic.

Rutgers University scientists have discovered the three - dimensional structure of a gene - specific transcription activation complex, providing the first structural and mechanistic description of the process cells use to turn on, or activate, specific genes in response to changes in cell type, developmental state and environment.

In the lycopene experiment, Church did not know which modifications to make in the E. coli genes to get the result he wanted, but the technique could just as easily be used to introduce specific sets of changes into a genome, inserting and deleting hundreds or thousands of genes at oncIn the lycopene experiment, Church did not know which modifications to make in the E. coli genes to get the result he wanted, but the technique could just as easily be used to introduce specific sets of changes into a genome, inserting and deleting hundreds or thousands of genes at oncin the E. coli genes to get the result he wanted, but the technique could just as easily be used to introduce specific sets of changes into a genome, inserting and deleting hundreds or thousands of genes at once.

Knowing this, Dr. Soliman and colleagues decided to search the DNA of ALTS patients for specific changes in genes associated with scarring and wound healing.

During development, chromosomes are subject to chemical changes that don't affect the nucleotide sequence but can turn genes on or off; the best known example is methylation, in which a methyl group is attached to specific DNA regions.

«Our studies clearly show that widespread species have a much more diverse intraspecific gene pool than species that are adapted to a specific habitat,» explains Dr. Jan Christian Habel of the Technical University in Munich, and he continues, «Once these animals — due to the fragmentation of their habitats — lose the opportunity to maintain this genetic diversity by means of exchange, they will no longer be able to adapt to changing environmental conditions in the future.»

The ability to recognize specific faces changes the genes at play in a wasp's brain (Polistes fuscatus shown).

In it, they sound the alarm about new genome - editing techniques known as CRISPR and zinc - finger nucleases that make it much easier for scientists to delete, add, or change specific genes.

Since our collection of cell lines is completely genetically annotated — which means that mutations and expression changes in each line's genes have been documented — we should be able to identify in advance patients who will benefit from specific combinations.

We identified species - specific gene expression patterns indicating that changes in protein and gene expression have been particularly pronounced in the human brain.

Two developed changes in their mitochondrial DNA sequences, and all nine exhibited a shift in methylation of at least one of three specific genes.

We're manipulating genes in the cell nucleus to produce specific proteins, changing the normal recipe for growth and maturation, and transforming adult cells into a new type of cell with the ability to morph into any other cell type,» said Cooke, senior author and chair of the Department of Cardiovascular Sciences.

«Even though the specific molecular changes that are found in PCB - resistant tomcod and killifish are different, in both species AHR2 seems to be one of the genes — possibly the major gene — that is responsible for the resistance,» Hahn said.

He said the genome study detected changes in one specific gene involved in the body's temperature regulation that may be related to metabolic differences in whale cells.

Using this «Ribotag» approach tissue - specific changes under DR have been measured in muscle, fat, gut, heart, neurons, germline and malpighian tubules, showing a highly tissue specific response upon DR.. We are developing mechanistic models of gene expression regulation and conducting comprehensive bioinformatics analyses on UTRs, promoters and the coding sequences of various elements of differentially regulated genes.

In turn, his commitment has changed the study of psychiatric disease into a molecular field based on rigorous analysis of the action of specific genes and proteins.

Long - lasting changes in brain connectivity require new gene expression, and Dr. Martin has discovered a role for specific signaling molecules that travel from stimulated synapses to the nucleus to change the transcription of DNA to RNA.

The most radical news at the conference was the first reported use of CRISPR / Cas9 to generate precise genome edits (changing only a single base pair) in two genes, not only in cell lines in vitro, but also in specific tissues of embryos in ovo.

Because PMI dependent expression changes are largely tissue - specific, they could confound tissue differential gene expression since the observed effects could be caused by differential response to PMI rather than by differences in tissue biology.

Between five and 10 % of all cancers are hereditary, which means that changes (or mutations) in specific genes are passed from one blood relative to another.

Dr. Pollard's group aims to pinpoint specific DNA alterations in these sequences that are responsible for changes in gene expression.

We find that many genes change expression over relatively short PMIs in a tissue - specific manner, but this potentially confounding effect in a biological analysis can be minimized by taking into account appropriate covariates.

These include molecular evolution of transcription factors or changes in transcriptional regulation (Enard et al., 2002; Konopka et al., 2009), accelerated evolution of small non-coding RNAs (Pollard et al., 2006), changes in the tissue - specificity of enhancer elements (McLean et al., 2011; Prabhakar et al., 2008), or changes in patterns of alternative splicing of specific genes (Calarco et al., 2007).

My lab performs genetic testing when a physician needs to know whether a child carries a specific gene mutation (change in DNA) that causes disease.

«When we looked at gene expression, we found fairly small changes in 65 million years of the macaque, orangutan, and chimpanzee evolution,» said study author Yoav Gilad, PhD, assistant professor of human genetics at the University of Chicago, «followed by rapid change, along the five million years of the human lineage, that was concentrated on these specific groups of genes.

The current report, which appears in the May 4, 2012 issue of the journal Cell Stem Cell, shows that these cells can also change their epigenomes, the patterns of DNA modifications that regulate the activity of specific genes — sometimes radically.

By manipulating a specific gene in a mouse blastocyst — the structure that develops from a fertilized egg but is not yet an actual embryo — scientists with the University of Florida's McKnight Brain Institute and the Harvard Stem Cell Institute caused cells destined to build an embryo to instead change direction and build the cell mass that leads to the placenta.

But rather than changes in doublesex itself, these studies revealed changes in downstream targets of dsx, via changes to specific DNA sequences to which DSX protein binds in the cis - regulatory regions of the bric - a-brac and desatF genes and affecting sex differences in abdominal pigmentation and pheromone production.

Our observation that the V+S + fraction preferentially contributes to the VE when mixed with more ICM - like cells indicates that low - level lineage - specific changes in gene expression have functional consequences.

Makarevitch I, Harris C * (2010) Aneuploidy causes tissue - specific qualitative changes in global gene expression patterns in maize.

These include: a) Global Clusters that consist of a small, tight subset of genes that are co-expressed under the entire spectrum of experimental conditions; b) Time Series of gene expression profiles during successive days of standard ES cell differentiation; c) Specific Gene Classes based on hierarchical clustering of transcriptional factors and ESTs; d) Expression Waves of genes with characteristic expression profiles during ES cell differentiation, juxtaposed to waves of genes that behave in the exact opposite way; e) Pathway Animations that illustrate dynamic changes in the components of individual KEGG signaling and metabolic pathways viewed in time - related manner; and, f) Search Engines to display the expression pattern of any transcript, or groups of transcripts, during the course of ES cell differentiation, or to query the association of candidate genes with various FunGenES database clustgene expression profiles during successive days of standard ES cell differentiation; c) Specific Gene Classes based on hierarchical clustering of transcriptional factors and ESTs; d) Expression Waves of genes with characteristic expression profiles during ES cell differentiation, juxtaposed to waves of genes that behave in the exact opposite way; e) Pathway Animations that illustrate dynamic changes in the components of individual KEGG signaling and metabolic pathways viewed in time - related manner; and, f) Search Engines to display the expression pattern of any transcript, or groups of transcripts, during the course of ES cell differentiation, or to query the association of candidate genes with various FunGenES database clustGene Classes based on hierarchical clustering of transcriptional factors and ESTs; d) Expression Waves of genes with characteristic expression profiles during ES cell differentiation, juxtaposed to waves of genes that behave in the exact opposite way; e) Pathway Animations that illustrate dynamic changes in the components of individual KEGG signaling and metabolic pathways viewed in time - related manner; and, f) Search Engines to display the expression pattern of any transcript, or groups of transcripts, during the course of ES cell differentiation, or to query the association of candidate genes with various FunGenES database clusters.

«We saw hundreds of changes in genes in cancer cells that had not been identified before, and for each of these, HHMI research associate Alberto Bardelli had to perform comparisons with the normal tissues of the same patient, to see if the mutation was specific to the cancer,» he said.

«The integration of complex genomic data sets enabled us to discover an intricate array of genomic changes and validate one specific change that occurs in the vast majority of all ovarian cancers,» said lead author Paul T. Spellman, Ph.D., Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, Calif. «Significantly, we have also found new information regarding the role that the BRCA1 and BRCA2 genes play in determining survival.»

We have found that blastocysts produced by suboptimal IVC exhibit transcriptional repression of some genes (Sox2, Hdac1, Kap1, Dnmt1, and Dnmt3a) that are modifiers of epigenetic gene silencing through the regulation of the transcription of specific genes, which involves changes in the chromatin state.

RNAi and other epigenetic processes induce changes in where and when specific genes are expressed without altering their genetic code...

In cells arrested overnight by a specific arrest signal, gene expression changes are largely signal - specific with a small amount of overlap.

The focus of the conference was connecting how epigenetics (cellular and physiological phenotypic trait variations that are caused by external or environmental factors that switch genes on and off and affect how cells read genes instead of being caused by changes in the DNA sequence — in other words nutrition and lifestyle choices) impact whether or not an individual actually develops a specific health issue even though they have a SNP mutation.

It has been shown that the induction of an altered phenotype by a maternal protein restriction diet during pregnancy involves changes in DNA methylation and histone modifications in specific genes, including the glucocorticoid receptor (GR)(33 % lower; P < 0.001) and PPAR?