Sentences with phrase «changes in the carbon dioxide system»

Researchers believe such dramatic changes in the carbon dioxide system in surface waters have not been observed for more than 20 million years of Earth history.

Not exact matches

For example, a large body of research has found switching to an entirely vegetarian diet would make a huge difference on the carbon footprint of our food system — the Climate Change, Agriculture and Food Security research program reports that if the global population were to reduce or cut its meat intake, it would halve the cost of mitigation actions needed to stabilize carbon dioxide levels to 450 parts per million by midcentury — but for many people that is not in the cards.

Oxford University atmospheric physicist Raymond Pierrehumbert, who is among the scientists who believe cutting methane should be less of a priority than cutting carbon dioxide to tackle climate change, said the study is useful in evaluating methane capture systems at landfills.

A recent trend in GCMs is to extend them to become Earth system models, that include such things as submodels for atmospheric chemistry or a carbon cycle model to better predict changes in carbon dioxide concentrations resulting from changes in emissions.

This suggests that storing carbon in forests, agricultural areas, and other ecosystems is an important and cost - effective part of a bigger carbon dioxide emissions control strategy that includes dramatic changes to the global energy system.

The consensus is that several factors are important: atmospheric composition (the concentrations of carbon dioxide, methane); changes in the Earth's orbit around the Sun known as Milankovitch cycles (and possibly the Sun's orbit around the galaxy); the motion of tectonic plates resulting in changes in the relative location and amount of continental and oceanic crust on the Earth's surface, which could affect wind and ocean currents; variations in solar output; the orbital dynamics of the Earth - Moon system; and the impact of relatively large meteorites, and volcanism including eruptions of supervolcanoes.

«For one thing, climate change and rising carbon dioxide levels have created an environment that's more hospitable to the growth of allergens such as mold,» says Jay Portnoy, MD, director of allergy, asthma and immunology at Children's Mercy Hospital in Kansas City, Mo. «What's more, we're living in cleaner indoor environments these days, so our immune systems go into overdrive when we're exposed to something unfamiliar, like dust mites or fur.»

I reached out to Pierrehumbert because he is one of many authors of «Consequences of twenty - first - century policy for multi-millennial climate and sea - level change,» an important new Nature Climate Change analysis reinforcing past work showing a very, very, very long impact (tens of millenniums) on the Earth system — climatic, coastal and otherwise — from the carbon dioxide buildup driven by the conversion, in our lifetimes, of vast amounts of fossil fuels into useful echange,» an important new Nature Climate Change analysis reinforcing past work showing a very, very, very long impact (tens of millenniums) on the Earth system — climatic, coastal and otherwise — from the carbon dioxide buildup driven by the conversion, in our lifetimes, of vast amounts of fossil fuels into useful eChange analysis reinforcing past work showing a very, very, very long impact (tens of millenniums) on the Earth system — climatic, coastal and otherwise — from the carbon dioxide buildup driven by the conversion, in our lifetimes, of vast amounts of fossil fuels into useful energy.

The take - home message, directly in sync with the core findings of the last two assessments from the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change, can be distilled to a fairly straightforward statement: Rising concentrations of carbon dioxide will result in long - lasting warming that will progressively produce more harmful impacts on conditions and systems that influence human wellbeing.

Otherwise it will become impractical to constrain atmospheric carbon dioxide, the greenhouse gas produced in burning fossil fuels, to a level that prevents the climate system from passing tipping points that lead to disastrous climate changes that spiral dynamically out of humanity's control.

Because the planet does not have a natural system capable of cleaning the atmosphere of excess carbon dioxide in a human - relevant timescale, it makes the development of solutions that hold the potential of removing and sequestering large volumes of carbon dioxide from the atmosphere a key priority if we want to avoid climate change.

«We're learning a lot of new things from it about how sensitive the earth's system, and particularly the Arctic, is to really small changes in carbon dioxide and other parameters,» Brigham - Grette said.

«d. Reconstructions of paleoclimate data over the last 60 million years show that changes in atmospheric carbon dioxide exert a strong control on the climate system.»

What is the evidence that the growing concentrations of carbon dioxide and other greenhouse gases in the atmosphere are changing weather systems in such a way that hurricanes become more powerful, or more frequent?

Rather, the ice core record shows clearly that changes in temperature precede changes in carbon dioxide throughout the glacial - interglacial cycle (Mudelsee, 2001), and that for the last half million years the climate system has oscillated in a self - limiting way between glacials and interglacials by about 6 deg.

We know how much a given amount of carbon dioxide will warm the atmosphere, but that warming sets into motion a variety of changes in the Earth system that can either exacerbate or mitigate the original warming.

That is so because extra carbon dioxide persists in the atmosphere for a very long time, but also because changes in the climate are triggering changes in the Earth System as a whole — changes that can not be undone.

A potentially game - changing breakthrough in artificial photosynthesis has been achieved with the development of a system that can capture carbon dioxide emissions before they are vented into the atmosphere and then, powered by solar energy, convert that carbon dioxide into valuable chemical products, including biodegradable plastics, pharmaceutical drugs and even liquid fuels.

«One issue not raised in the debate, which centered on market concerns, was changes to the electric system to reduce emissions of carbon dioxide.

According to the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change, inertia in the climate system means that even if the world were to miraculously stop all emissions of carbon dioxide tomorrow, we would still be committed to at least.6 ° C (1.1 ° F) of warming.

Rising levels of carbon dioxide in Earth's atmosphere will cause significant changes to ocean temperatures and chemistry over the next 100 years, thereby increasing the frequency and severity of mass bleaching and other stresses on coral reefs and reef systems, scientists say.

A vast amount of carbon stored in Arctic permafrost is being converted into carbon dioxide (CO2) once it enters freshwater systems - a process that is worrying experts tracking climate change.

«Earth system models» include all that and much more: forests that can shrink or spread as conditions change; marine food webs that react as the oceans grow more acidic with carbon dioxide; and aerosol particles in the atmosphere that interact with greenhouse gases, enhancing or sapping their warming power.

more carbon dioxide in the lower atmosphere means more little «point sources» for more absorbed EM in the infrared part of the spectrum, (infrared that re-radiated from the earth's surface after sunlight hit it and got absorbed); and since point sources radiate in a spherical pattern, that means more «back radiation» to earth, on balance... and this changes the «standing pattern» of energy flow in and out of the earth system, creating a time differential, so it starts to re-adjust...

This is a change in flux in response to an instantaneous change in carbon dioxide but after the stratosphere has responded to that change by cooling (panel b in fig. 2) assuming that the system was in equilibrium prior to the doubling of carbon dioxide.

To investigate changes in ocean chemistry that could result from higher temperatures and carbon - dioxide concentrations, the researchers used an Earth - system model called the Integrated Science Assessment Model.