Not exact matches
Polar bears, the poster - child for climate
change, are among the animals most affected by the
seasonal and year - to - year
changes in Arctic
sea ice, because they rely on this surface for essential activities such as hunting, traveling and breeding.
But «while the Arctic maximum is not as important as the
seasonal minimum, the long - term decline is a clear indicator of climate
change,» Walt Meier, a
sea ice researcher at the NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, said
in a statement.
We were particularly interested
in the nature of this relationship because of the hypothesized
seasonal movement of krill to inshore waters around the Antarctic Peninsula
in winter, rapid
changes in the climate and
sea ice patterns of the Antarctic peninsula [15], [16] and the known relationships between baleen whales and krill.
Anthony, R., Aster, R., Rowe, C., Wiens, D., Effects of
seasonal and secular
changes in Antarctic
sea ice on microseismic noise, Eos Trans.
Multi-panel paintings
in oil and smaller paintings on canvas and aluminum formats explore the tundra fragmented into puddles and bits of
ice with small cascades flowing over the rocks, reminders of accelerated
seasonal changes melting
ice fields and
sea ice.
If polar bears have been around for few hundred thousand years they have experienced a variety of environmental
changes in the Arctic, including periods when there was more
sea ice than present as well as periods when
seasonal sea ice was considerably less than at present.
Re 9 wili — I know of a paper suggesting, as I recall, that enhanced «backradiation» (downward radiation reaching the surface emitted by the air / clouds) contributed more to Arctic amplification specifically
in the cold part of the year (just to be clear, backradiation should generally increase with any warming (aside from greenhouse feedbacks) and more so with a warming due to an increase
in the greenhouse effect (including feedbacks like water vapor and, if positive, clouds, though regional
changes in water vapor and clouds can go against the global trend); otherwise it was always my understanding that the albedo feedback was key (while
sea ice decreases so far have been more a summer phenomenon (when it would be warmer to begin with), the heat capacity of the
sea prevents much temperature response, but there is a greater build up of heat from the albedo feedback, and this is released
in the cold part of the year when
ice forms later or would have formed or would have been thicker; the
seasonal effect of reduced winter snow cover decreasing at those latitudes which still recieve sunlight
in the winter would not be so delayed).
In both the Arctic and the Antarctic «natural causes» (the seasons) are responsible for the seasonal decrease / increase in sea ice extent, which are, of course, much larger than the average annual chang
In both the Arctic and the Antarctic «natural causes» (the seasons) are responsible for the
seasonal decrease / increase
in sea ice extent, which are, of course, much larger than the average annual chang
in sea ice extent, which are, of course, much larger than the average annual
change.
Seasonal sea ice changes in the Amundsen Sea, Antarctica, over the period of 1979 - 20
sea ice changes in the Amundsen
Sea, Antarctica, over the period of 1979 - 20
Sea, Antarctica, over the period of 1979 - 2014.
An overall warming
in the 2 × CO2 experiment causes reduction of
sea -
ice extent by 15 %, with maximum decrease
in summer and autumn, consistent with observed
seasonal sea -
ice changes.
Evidence suggests that the negative phase of the Arctic Oscillation was driven
in part by warm air (air warmed by the dramatic
seasonal loss of Arctic
sea ice) 9 as well as by
changes in snow cover over Eurasia driven by climate
change.10 This event is part of an emerging trend
in which a warming climate may paradoxically bring colder, snowier winters to northern Europe and the eastern United States.11
Sea ice thickness and spatial extent
change rapidly
in response to
seasonal changes and
in response to longer - term climate
changes.
Sea ice with its strong
seasonal and interannual variability (Fig. 1) is a very critical component of the Arctic system that responds sensitively to
changes in atmospheric circulation, incoming radiation, atmospheric and oceanic heat fluxes, as well as the hydrological cycle1, 2.
Changes in sea ice extent, timing,
ice thickness, and
seasonal fluctuations are already having an impact on the people, plants, and animals that live
in the Arctic.
Some components of global OSR (reflection from
sea ice and
seasonal snow cover) lag behind
changes in Ts.
CAS = Commission for Atmospheric Sciences CMDP = Climate Metrics and Diagnostic Panel CMIP = Coupled Model Intercomparison Project DAOS = Working Group on Data Assimilation and Observing Systems GASS = Global Atmospheric System Studies panel GEWEX = Global Energy and Water Cycle Experiment GLASS = Global Land - Atmosphere System Studies panel GOV = Global Ocean Data Assimilation Experiment (GODAE) Ocean View JWGFVR = Joint Working Group on Forecast Verification Research MJO - TF = Madden - Julian Oscillation Task Force PDEF = Working Group on Predictability, Dynamics and Ensemble Forecasting PPP = Polar Prediction Project QPF = Quantitative precipitation forecast S2S = Subseasonal to
Seasonal Prediction Project SPARC = Stratospheric Processes and their Role
in Climate TC = Tropical cyclone WCRP = World Climate Research Programme WCRP Grand Science Challenges • Climate Extremes • Clouds, Circulation and Climate Sensitivity • Melting
Ice and Global Consequences • Regional
Sea -
Ice Change and Coastal Impacts • Water Availability WCRP JSC = Joint Scientific Committee WGCM = Working Group on Coupled Modelling WGSIP = Working Group on Subseasonal to Interdecadal Prediction WWRP = World Weather Research Programme YOPP = Year of Polar Prediction
Our results point to the need for future observational and modeling studies to focus on the regional and
seasonal characteristics of Antarctic climate
change, the regional response to ozone depletion, the influence of tropical variability and climate
change on Antarctic climate, and on the mechanisms that link
sea ice and air temperature
in Antarctica.
RE: 4th Error -RCB- Poses an objection to the non-scientific term catastrophic [NOTE: Scientific «consensus» is often being used & / or implied
in standard climate -
change discourse - Yet Consensus is a Political Term - NOT a Scientific Term]- HOWEVER - When Jim Hansen, the IPCC & Al Gore, et - al - go from predicting 450 — 500 ppm CO2 to 800 — 1000ppm by the end of the 21st century -LCB- said to the be highest atmospheric CO2 content
in 20 — 30 Million YRS -RCB-; — & estimates for aver global temps by 21st century's end go from 2 * C to 6 * C to 10 * C; — & increased
sea level estimates go from 10 - 20 cm to 50 - 60 cm to 1M — 2M -LCB- which would totally submerge the Maldives & partially so Bangladesh -RCB-; — predictions of the total melting of the Himalayan
Ice caps by 2050, near total melting of Greenland's ice sheet & partial melting of Antarctica's ice sheet before the 21st century's end; — massive crop failures; — more intense & frequent hurricane -LCB- ala Katrina -RCB- for much longer seasonal durations, etc, etc, etc... — IMO That's Sounds pretty damned CATASTROPHIC to
Ice caps by 2050, near total melting of Greenland's
ice sheet & partial melting of Antarctica's ice sheet before the 21st century's end; — massive crop failures; — more intense & frequent hurricane -LCB- ala Katrina -RCB- for much longer seasonal durations, etc, etc, etc... — IMO That's Sounds pretty damned CATASTROPHIC to
ice sheet & partial melting of Antarctica's
ice sheet before the 21st century's end; — massive crop failures; — more intense & frequent hurricane -LCB- ala Katrina -RCB- for much longer seasonal durations, etc, etc, etc... — IMO That's Sounds pretty damned CATASTROPHIC to
ice sheet before the 21st century's end; — massive crop failures; — more intense & frequent hurricane -LCB- ala Katrina -RCB- for much longer
seasonal durations, etc, etc, etc... — IMO That's Sounds pretty damned CATASTROPHIC to ME!
In this case, the Arctic will
change from having year round to
seasonal sea -
ice cover.