Sentences with phrase «changes over a millennium»

Those same factors may also explain more generally how the skull shapes of indigenous American populations changed over millennia.

The team will use these bits of evidence to build a picture of how the island changed over millennia and, potentially, determine when the mammoths went extinct.

Longer term indicators of solar activity show changes over millennia that mirror the state of upwelling in the Pacific.

From changes over a millennium at least — the cool Pacific state seems likely to persist for a decade or so yet.

Not exact matches

But none of this compares to the biggest change that we would have coming over the next millennia.

For James, the ongoing permanence and stability of a unified Roman Catholic that has weathered cultural change and religious persecution over the millennia, stands in contrast to a Protestant Church fractured into thousands of denominations and riven with differences.

Ancient grains are considered to have changed very little over recent millennia.

Those with mild sensitivities to gluten may have luck eating this ancient grain as berries or ground into flour because it contains a different genome of gluten than modern wheat, and it has not been much changed by selective breeding over the millennia (note: spelt is not genetically engineered — a completely different process from selective breeding).

However, Professor Stewart believes that over a few millennia those sea level rises could have caused the fault system beneath and around Mount Etna to completely change in behaviour, sealing up old lava flows and ultimately forcing them to emerge elsewhere on the island.

The human body has changed hugely over decades as well as over millennia, so why do we vary so much, and how will we evolve?

Added up over centuries, millennia, and longer periods of time, natural selection — the competition that takes place in nature between variant forms — is powerful enough to forge all the changes that we've seen on the face of the earth.

We highlight episodes of climate change that have disrupted ecosystems and trophic interactions over time scales ranging from years to millennia by changing species» relative abundances and geographic ranges, causing extinctions, and creating transient and novel communities dominated by generalist species and interactions.

New research using ancient animal depictions tracks the collapse of Egypt's ecological networks one extinction at a time, offering a glimpse into how climate change and human impacts have altered the structure and stability of ecosystems over millennia.

In contrast to these recent changes, there is one tradition that has not changed over the past millennium: the mixed use of green and blue.

Over the past millennium the bacterium Mycobacterium leprae, which causes leprosy (Hansen's disease), has changed very slowly.

The team attempted to develop an explanation for the anomalous solar activity data by comparing the features of the 14C change with those of other solar events known to have occurred over the last couple of millennia.

All the green growing things on this earth evolved over millennia, adapting in response to changing environmental conditions.

Since the 1950s many of the observed changes are unprecedented over decades to millennia.

The article, «Extreme rainfall activity in the Australian tropics reflects changes in the El Niño / Southern Oscillation over the last two millennia,» presents a precisely dated stalagmite record of cave flooding events that are tied to tropical cyclones, which include storms such as hurricanes and typhoons.

This would still lead to substantial climate change, with the temperature rising by 2 °C to 5 °C and the sea level rising by 0.3 to 0.8 metres by 2100, and by 7 to 13 metres over the next millennium.

THE STUDY «Climate Change and War Frequency in Eastern China Over the Last Millennium,» by David Zhang et al., published in the August 2007 issue of Human Ecology.

In the past decade, paleoclimatologists have reconstructed a record of climate change over the last millennium by consulting historical documents and examining indicators of temperature change like tree rings, as well as oxygen isotopes in ice cores and coral skeletons.

Pau's findings suggest that tropical forests, which have evolved over millennia to flourish in warm, equatorial conditions, may be more sensitive to subtle climatic changes than some ecologists predicted.

Hawks notes that such changes would be consistent with the many brain - related DNA mutations seen over the past 20 millennia.

The river buried the debris in silt, and after the river changed course, a high water table kept materials from decaying over the millennia.

The NRC asked the committee to summarize current scientific information on the temperature record for the past two millennia, describe the main areas of uncertainty and how significant they are, describe the principal methodologies used and any problems with these approaches, and explain how central is the debate over the paleoclimate temperature record to the state of scientific knowledge on global climate change.

These «hemispheric» summer series can be compared with other reconstructions of temperature changes for the Northern Hemisphere over the last millennium.

Most famously, in 2003, Soon co-authored a paper in the journal Climate Research that questioned the standard interpretation of climate change over the past millennium and argued that recent warming is not unusual by historical standards.

The IPCC's assessment of the literature, prior to our study, was that global sea - level fluctuations over the last 5 millennia were < ± 25 cm, and that there was no clear evidence of whether specific fluctuations seen in some regional sea level records reflected global changes.

Mike Wallace's talk was about the «National Research Council Report on the «Hockey Stick Controversy»... The charge to the committee, was «to summarize current information on the temperature records for the past millennium, describe the main areas of uncertainty and how significant they are, describe the principal methodologies used and any problems with these approaches, and explain how central is the debate over the paleoclimate record within the overall state of knowledge on global climate change.»

That estimate was based in part on the fact that sea level is now rising 3.2 mm / yr (3.2 m / millennium)[57], an order of magnitude faster than the rate during the prior several thousand years, with rapid change of ice sheet mass balance over the past few decades [23] and Greenland and Antarctica now losing mass at accelerating rates [23]--[24].

These global projections are consistent with an independent set of global projections based upon the relationship between temperature and rate of sea - level change over the last two millennia.

The albedo and CO2 feedbacks amplified weak orbital forcings, the feedbacks necessarily changing slowly over millennia, at the pace of orbital changes.

The status of women in India has been subject to many great changes over the past few millennia.

The white men who can get past the mental anguish of my black penis The status of women in India has been subject to many great changes over the past few millennia.

That's when I began to look at how people over the millennia have found their way to change, and I realized that education is the nonviolent revolution,» says Gilligan.

With so many changes, it's more important than ever to honor the most fundamental values of education — those that have endured over millennia.

Changing the role and status of cats in relation to humans, a development which has occurred in the U.S. only within the lives of the World War II and Baby Boom generations, and has barely begun in most of the rest of the world, is not to be confused with changing the natural role of cats as it evolved over many millennia before humans Changing the role and status of cats in relation to humans, a development which has occurred in the U.S. only within the lives of the World War II and Baby Boom generations, and has barely begun in most of the rest of the world, is not to be confused with changing the natural role of cats as it evolved over many millennia before humans changing the natural role of cats as it evolved over many millennia before humans existed.

Birdlife and indigenous animals can all be seen here, and the plant life is ancient and little changed over many millennia.

Warming of the climate system is unequivocal, and since the 1950s, many of the observed changes are unprecedented over decades to millennia.

Indeed, the utility of the term in describing past climate changes at regional scales has been questioned [see e.g. Jones, P.D., Mann, M.E., Climate Over Past Millennia, Reviews of Geophysics, 42, RG2002, doi: 10.1029 / 2003RG000143, 2004 and references therein.]

I was somewhat involuntarily thrust into the center of the public debate over climate change at this very time, when the «Hockey Stick» temperature reconstruction I co-authored, depicting the unprecedented nature of modern warming in at least the past millennium, developed into an icon in the debate over human - caused climate change [particularly when it was featured in the Summary for Policy Makers (SPM) of the Third Assessment Report of the IPCC in 2001].

In fact, there is reasonably compelling evidence that changes in drought in the western U.S. over the past millennium may, in large part, reflect the forced response of ENSO to past volcanic and solar radiative forcing.

Considering extreme events over the current millennium so far — including several mentioned above — I arrive at the unscientific but not unreasonable rough estimate that climate change so far has cost on the order of 100,000 premature deaths and in excess of $ 100 billion US.

It seems to me, in spite of the noise from the climate change skeptics, pretty simple: nature sequestered carbon over hundreds of millions of years, keeping the earth comfortable in spite of the very slow increase in the suns flux over those millennia, and now we are undoing all of nature's work in order to drive our economy.

Those water vapour swings have changed the power of the greenhouse effect many times over the millennia, far more than CO2 is expected to, yet no tipping point has ever been crossed.

Changes over previous millennia are discussed in Section 6.4.3.

The release of carbon dioxide and methane from the Arctic will provide a positive feedback to climate change which will be more important over longer timescales — millennia and longer.

Clearly, the causes of climate change over the last millennium have very little to do with attribution of modern warming, or for future prediction.

Over that time, scientists have observed changes to the environment that are «unprecedented over decades to millennia.&raOver that time, scientists have observed changes to the environment that are «unprecedented over decades to millennia.&raover decades to millennia.»