Sentences with phrase «changing genes found»

Biochemist Radhey Gupta of McMaster University in Canada proposes that a bacterium and an archaean fused to form the first eukaryote, based on his analysis of a pair of slow - changing genes found in what may be one of the oldest cells with a nucleus, Giardia lamblia.

Not exact matches

But here's the good news: Researchers biopsied the participants» muscle cells and found that while the under - 30 group that did interval training experienced changed activity levels in 274 genes, those in the plus - 64 group experienced changes in activity among nearly 400 genes.

In the new research, the UB scientists found they could reverse those social deficits with a very low dose of romidepsin, which, they found, restores gene expression and function using an epigenetic mechanism, where gene changes are caused by influences other than DNA sequences.

The adaptation could be pinned on six amino acid changes in one section of the squirrel gene, the team found.

Researchers from several institutions, including, UCLA, Boston University, Stanford University and the Institute for Aging Research at Hebrew SeniorLife, analyzed blood samples from nearly 10,000 people to find that genetic markers in the gene responsible for keeping telomeres (tips of chromosomes) youthfully longer, did not translate into a younger biologic age as measured by changes in proteins coating the DNA.

The team found particular fat - metabolizing genes in carnivores such as cats and tigers that changed faster than can be explained by chance.

The researchers did not find such changes in the same genes of the cow and human, who eat more varied diets and would not need such enhancements.

In previous work, Cynthia Kenyon of the University of California, San Francisco, found that a mutation to a gene called daf - 2 changed insulin signaling and doubled the lifespan of the worms.

The scientists found changes in the domestic cat's genes that other studies have shown are involved in behaviors such as memory, fear and reward - seeking.

She found that kids in Fresno were more likely to develop asthma not due to lung damage, but because changes on the surfaces of just two genes — and likely more — altered the way their lungs worked.

By analyzing the fossils of thousands of ancient crustaceans, a team of scientists led by NMNH paleontologist Gene Hunt has found that devoting a lot of energy to the competition for mates may compromise species» resilience to change and increase their risk of extinction.

In the current study, researchers analyzed 48 ethnically diverse patients diagnosed with schizophrenia, looking at symptom sets in patients found to have rare or previously unknown changes in the DNA code of the four genes that disrupted brain function.

We could find out which of our modern genes were already in place, and which ones had to change to produce modern humans.

They found similar changes in gene expression in the same genes with increased activity of glucose transporters in both the stem cells and the fat cells, Sen noted.

But Aniket Gore of the US's National Institute of Child Health and Human Development and colleagues haven't found any disabling changes in the DNA sequences of eye development genes in the cavefish.

Together, Meaney and Szyf have gone on to publish some two - dozen papers, finding evidence along the way of epigenetic changes to many other genes active in the brain.

The team found changes in a gene encoding a previously unknown «dynein,» a protein that moves like a railroad locomotive along cytoskeletal fibers called microtubules, hauling other molecules as cargo.

They found that gene expression is different at 209 sites in chronically lonely people and that many of those changes fit a pattern of elevated immune activation, inflammation, and depressed response to infection.

The first direct evidence has been found linking smoking to epigenetic changes in genes that help fight cancer.

The team had expected to find changes in many genes involved in serotonin signaling, a process targeted by some popular antidepressants such as Prozac.

Vogelstein, Kenneth Kinzler, and other colleagues found a minor change in the APC gene, which normally holds cell growth in check and can cause colon cancers when mutated.

Although there are several ways to remove RB from the cellular machinery, the group found that complete loss, rather than inactivation, of the RB gene was associated with changes in gene - networks closely linked to aggressive disease.

Scientists from the Biogerontology Research Foundation (BGRF), a UK - based charity founded to support aging research and address the challenges of a rapidly aging population, propose a new concept for signalome - wide analysis of changes in intracellular pathways, called OncoFinder, which allows for accurate and robust cross-platform analysis of gene expression data.

When Orlando and colleagues examined horse DNA for genes that may have rapidly changed during domestication, they too found genes involved in neural crest cell function.

The team found that a mutation in a single pair of nucleotides in the gene causes seed coat permeability — that is, a change in one pair out of the approximately 1 billion base pairs that make up the soybean genome.

«I was expecting to find that a few genes would be evolving rapidly, while probably the overall distribution would be changing at about the same rate among all the primates, but instead we saw that the brain's gene evolution in the human lineage has actually slowed down,» Wu says.

In the case of β - ionone, the smell associated with violets, McRae and colleagues managed to pinpoint the exact mutation (a change in the DNA sequence) in the odorant receptor gene OR5A1 that underlies the sensitivity to smell the compound and to perceive it as a floral note — people who are less good at smelling β - ionone also describe the smell differently, as sour or pungent, and are less likely to find it pleasant.

We have analysed patients» DNA samples and found changes (mutations) in the GTPBP3 gene.

Judith Zelikoff of NYU Langone Medical Center studied pre - and post-natal exposure to mice of commercially available e-cigarette vapors and aerosols with and without nicotine, finding changes to frontal cortex gene expression associated with mental health and activity issues, some of which are associated with schizophrenia, she said.

To their surprise, they found that most of the properties that make an astrocyte an astrocyte didn't change much with age — gene expression was fairly consistent with time.

These changes in gene regulation differed from those of mice or rats under the same conditions, the researchers found.

The gene - editing success appears to be largely due to one procedural change: The researchers introduced the editing system — the enzyme Cas9 and a guide RNA sequence that helps the editing machinery find its target — at the same time they injected the mutation - laden sperm into a healthy egg in the lab.

«We also found that reduced cohesin led to changes in the expression of genes involved in nerve cell development and the response to an immune signaling protein,» corresponding author Toshihide Yamashita says.

In collaboration with Yi Xing from UCLA, the team catalogued and analyzed how gene expression patterns in skin cells differed among the Esrp knockouts and found hundreds of significant changes.

The researchers found that the blond hair commonly seen in Northern Europeans is caused by a single change in the DNA that regulates the expression of a gene that encodes a protein called KITLG, also known as stem cell factor.

They used a somewhat bizarre technique in which two mice were sutured together in such as way that they shared a circulatory system (known as parabiosis), and found old mice joined to their youthful counterparts showed changes in gene activity in a brain region called the hippocampus as well as increased neural connections and enhanced «synaptic plasticity» — a mechanism believed to underlie learning and memory in which the strength of neural connections change in response to experience.

The Liverpool - led team found that this colour change was produced by a mutation in the cortex gene, which occurred during the mid 1800s, just before the first reported sighting of black peppered moths.

The latest findings offer new focus points into how these genes and others may be modified to fine - tune a wheat variety for a particular environment, which will result in less crop and food loss due to changing environment.

Scientists are finding that some conditions, like preeclampsia, diabetes and asthma, likely involve changes in many genes working in concert.

More than two decades ago, in one of the first papers using gene sequences to find signatures of natural selection, scientists hypothesized that a molecular change in an enzyme gave the Drosophila melanogaster fruit fly species its superior ability to metabolize alcohol.

They found that cancer cells had acquired new genetic changes that cancelled out the original errors in DNA repair — particularly in the genes BRCA2 and PALB2 — that had made the cancer susceptible to olaparib in the first place.

The research draws from previous findings by molecular biology and genetics professor and study co-author Mariana Wolfner on how Drosophila females» gene expression, behavior and physiology are changed by mating.

Ornish, who has built a reputation on advocating healthy living, and U.C.S.F. colleagues report in the journal Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences USA that they found the activity of more than 500 genes in the normal tissue of 30 men with low - risk prostate cancer changed after the patients began exercising regularly and eating diets heavy in fruit, veggies and whole grain (supplemented with soy, fish oil, the mineral selenium and vitamins C and E) and low in red meat and fats.

The second study found that the strain's extreme virulence, targeting primarily lung tissue, appeared to be linked to changes in four genes.

Using Epiviz and Bioconductor, the research team found consistent regions of DNA methylation changes in colon cancer samples generated by the public Cancer Genome Atlas project and similar gene expression in these regions of DNA methylation changes in other cancer types.

The researchers focused on four changes in the CRP gene, each of which, researchers have found, raises CRP levels.

The study involved extracting Ribonucleic acid or RNA — found in the cells of all living organisms — to develop a transcriptome — the gene readouts in a cell — to examine what occurs during the different developmental stages of the cockroach pregnancy and to explore if those changes hold wider applications for other mammals.

«We found that simple changes have a powerful impact on gene expression,» Dean Ornish, founder and president of the Preventive Medicine Research Institute and clinical professor at the University of California, San Francisco (U.C.S.F.), said during a news conference.

The toxin did not appear to be altering gene sequences; instead, Skinner and colleagues found, vinclozolin was somehow causing other chemical groups to latch onto certain genes, changing their expression (Science, 3 June 2005, p. 1391).

For example, they found also accelerated adaptation for a gene encoding a lung surfactant protein (SFTPB), which may have been due to lung changes necessary for diving.