Claes Oldenburg's early work, The Street (1960)-- an installation that conjures the gritty and
chaotic atmosphere of downtown New York City — and The Store (1961 - 64)-- a large group of handmade, brightly painted sculptures depicting a myriad of commercial products and foodstuffs — redefined the concept of sculpture, putting him on the road to establishing himself as one of the 20th century's most important artists.
The chaotic atmosphere of Marrakesh, Morocco, is like nothing you're used to.
Not exact matches
VICTORIA — The B.C. Liberal government's
chaotic approach to environmental assessment changes creates an
atmosphere of distrust and uncertainty for communities, First Nations and industry that will only slow down industrial projects, say B.C.'s New Democrats.
Goper reation according to the Divine Word
of God Genesis 1 science in CAPS; FIRST CAUSE «In the beginning God» (v1)-- we are given the first cause, causation BIG BANG «created the heavens and the earth» (v1)-- matter and energy created, singularity establishing time and space «Earth dark formless mass «(v 2)--
chaotic sub atomic particles STAR IGNITION «Let there be light» (Day One)-- God was the light or light from reionizing the universe PLANETARY ACCRETION = > EARTH, MOON = > WATER = > ATMOSPERE «Separated the waters to make
atmosphere» (Day Two)-- molten earth or water forming
atmosphere as cools.
But an underlying cause may be the nature
of the Republican Party and its traditional discipline — the antithesis
of the often
chaotic, bottom - up, user - generated
atmosphere of the Internet.
«I didn't love what I saw, but I also understood it was happening in an
atmosphere of a very
chaotic and unpredictable moment.
We spewed so much carbon dioxide into the
atmosphere and denuded so much
of the planet's greenery that we succeeded in warming everything up to an even more
chaotic and less predictable state.
Forecasters quickly lose track
of coming weather in the
atmosphere's maddeningly
chaotic churnings.
In fact, we find the model range is an excellent predictor
of observed trends and their uncertainty due to random
chaotic processes in the
atmosphere and ocean.»
Forecasters stress that while El Niño is the 500 - pound gorilla affecting this winter's weather, other factors can periodically come into play in the complex and
chaotic interplay
of the
atmosphere.
Weather forecasts rely predominantly on the predictability
of turbulent swirls
of a
chaotic atmosphere; we see these in the satellite data as the bands
of clouds moving west to east in the mid-latitudes.
People loved the original games for the high - octane excitement that they supplied, which is captured perfectly in the
chaotic (pun intended)
atmosphere of the game.
Cursed with an unseasonably warm Slovakian winter that mucked up some
of the snow - stranded, Donner Party-esque original script, Bird nonetheless manages to convey an
atmosphere of chilled isolation, broken up by antic but never
chaotic inserts
of gore and fire to convey the growing bloodlust
of those who bend to temptation.
Sound design is worth mentioning as well; the
chaotic noises
of battle constantly crowd the air in Modern Warfare 2, and they're a vital part
of the game's oppressive
atmosphere.
Out
of Valve's ongoing attempts to bridge the gap between its highly - tuned single - player titles and the necessarily
chaotic nature
of multiplayer gaming comes Left 4 Dead, whose AI director and tight four - player cooperative play create a team - based
atmosphere that is both coherent and unpredictable, even upon multiple playthroughs
of the same campaign.
The death defying game
of Chicken crossed with a «I can do better» game
of Horse amongst equally skilled friends can create a
chaotic, fun
atmosphere worthy
of the «one more round» treatment.
Offering their own perspectives in this new and
chaotic cultural
atmosphere, the artists contribute to a pluralist freedom
of expression.
«The
atmosphere of BOS in 2015 crossed over from festive to
chaotic,» said Nicole Brydson,
of Arts in Bushwick, which has run the Open Studios since 2006.
Weather is
chaotic; imperceptible differences in the initial state
of the
atmosphere lead to radically different conditions in a week or so.
It is not, in principle, impossible for coupled ocean -
atmosphere climate to be
chaotic, but all evidence so far points to the likelihood that the strength
of the response to GHG radiative forcing changes overwhelms the effect
of any chaos there may be in the system.
Any state
of the art climate model (CGCM) under stationary forcing (plus annual cycle) will eventually demonstrate some sort
of chaotic behavior and / or will drift away from the realistic description
of the actual
atmosphere.
As many have pointed out, the reasons weathermen and climatologists have limited accuracy in predicting temperature, rainfall, etc over intermediate time periods is noise, and the
chaotic propagation
of energy throughout the
atmosphere, aspects
of which are referred to as «the butterfly effect».
«The
atmosphere is a
chaotic system,» said Alexandra Jahn, one
of the authors
of the study.
I suspect though that in the end we will establish that it is the
chaotic oscillations
of the ocean / land /
atmosphere system that are driving everything, and everything else is a small perturbation.
The ocean -
atmosphere climate system is certainly a complex system, and capable
of some surprising behaviours, but there is no evidence that it is
chaotic in the formal sense.
We don't get any closer to science by denying the significant possibility that we are causing significantly adverse changes in climate than we do by the ridiculous assertion that we understand the
chaotic complexity
of climate well enough to say with certainty how many parts per millions
of carbon dioxide in the
atmosphere will lead to how many degrees
of global warming.
We now recognize more
of the natural climatic variations caused by the interaction
of five highly nonlinear coupled
chaotic processes: earth's
atmosphere, oceans, volcanoes, solar weather, and galactic cosmic rays (Curry 2016, Curry 2017).
So it seems to me that the simple way
of communicating a complex problem has led to several fallacies becoming fixed in the discussions
of the real problem; (1) the Earth is a black body, (2) with no materials either surrounding the systems or in the systems, (3) in radiative energy transport equilibrium, (4) response is
chaotic solely based on extremely rough appeal to temporal - based
chaotic response, (5) but at the same time exhibits trends, (6) but at the same time averages
of chaotic response are not
chaotic, (7) the mathematical model is a boundary value problem yet it is solved in the time domain, (8) absolutely all that matters is the incoming radiative energy at the TOA and the outgoing radiative energy at the Earth's surface, (9) all the physical phenomena and processes that are occurring between the TOA and the surface along with all the materials within the subsystems can be ignored, (10) including all other activities
of human kind save for our contributions
of CO2 to the
atmosphere, (11) neglecting to mention that if these were true there would be no problem yet we continue to expend time and money working on the problem.
If you were to produce a
chaotic model using the above, I would venture a prediction that the above former were the massive attractors about which we could make some decent predictions about the future but that the latter human produced CO2 inserted into our
atmosphere would leave us with hopelessly inadequate and wrong predictions because CO2 contributed by man is not an attractor
of any significance in the
chaotic Earth climate system nor is CO2 produced by man a perturbation that would yield any predictive ability.
You can not use the classical methodology
of physics, developed by Galileo and Netwon, to solve problems with respect to the
chaotic global
atmosphere.
The earth «s
atmosphere is so complex and
chaotic, that we do not understand it is sufficient detail, so the normal methods
of doing physics do nt work.
In our
chaotic weather system, the complex dynamics
of the
atmosphere mean the size and path
of a storm or heavy rainfall event has a large element
of chance, the authors say.
Because the planet's
atmosphere is a
chaotic system, which expresses a great deal
of interannual variability due to the interplay
of many complex and interconnected variables.
Also the behaviour
of our numerical simulations
of the
atmosphere would continue to be affected by the problems typical
of model simulations
of chaotic dynamical systems even if we could have perfect initial conditions, write perfectly accurate evolution equations and solve them with perfect numerical schemes, just because
of the limited number
of significant digits used by any computer (Lorenz, 1963).
Which is to say any scientist who studies this who recognizes that our geologically radical alteration
of the
atmosphere naturally would present a threat
of very simple — if to us quite major — accompanying, if lagging and inherently non linear and somewhat
chaotic and volatile, shifts in the general global climate, and various major regions then again within it, as almost all, who actually professionally study this issue and professionally work in this field do, is immediately dismissed.
But there are both long and short term patterns
of ocean and
atmosphere circulation that modulate both energy in and energy out through
chaotic regimes in clouds, ice.
They openly acknowledge the importance
of the GHG - GHE in establishing the disequilibrium conditions that lead to a lapse rate and atmospheric heat transport in the first place, but then analyze that motion to argue that the overall feedbacks
of this process are negative, not positive, something that actually explains the remarkable stability
of our
atmosphere in the face
of internal variability that (in a
chaotic system) could easily drive it to catastrophe.
Heat picked up at the surface is thus rapidly vertically mixed and transported by all three mechanisms — conduction, convection and radiation — acting at different length scales and with considerable and non-ignorable
chaotic and self - organized emergent mesoscale structure — to produce an
atmosphere that, as you note, ends up somewhere between the DALR and isothermal most
of the time, although inversions (warmer on top) or with a gradient even larger than the DALR happen all the time, and are unstable or transiently metastable states with some lifetime and break apart and perhaps reform somewhere else as the conditions that favor them recur.
There you see how «easy» it was to go to the moon compared to modeling the
chaotic system
of our
atmosphere.
While actual scientists are trying to piece together every little part
of an otherwise almost un-piecable long term
chaotic and variable system in response now to a massive increase in net lower atmospheric energy absorption and re radiation, Curry is busy — much like most
of the comments on this site most
of the time — trying to come up with or re-post every possible argument under the sun to all but argue against the basic concept that radically altering the
atmosphere on a multi million year basis is going to affect the net energy balance
of earth, which over time is going to translate into a very different climate (and ocean level) than the one we've comfortably come to rely on.
For instance albeit the
atmosphere is
chaotic, we can forecast with a high degree
of confidence that the next month
of July will be — on average - warmer than April.
The problem then lies in knowing how to tell the difference in a three dimensional mixture
of gases such as the
atmosphere which has many
chaotic movements at all levels.
The question that is not addressed in any
of this is whether it is wise to change the composition
of the
atmosphere with utterly uncertain outcomes in
chaotic ecological, hydrological and climatic Earth systems.
At the grander scales
of space and time, the
atmosphere is not
chaotic.
You are just as clueless as Bob Tisdale about climate modeling, and about the
chaotic character
of the
atmosphere - ocean dynamics and about the implications for climate modeling from the
chaotic character
of the
atmosphere - ocean dynamics.
«Finally, Lorenz's theory
of the
atmosphere (and ocean) as a
chaotic system raises fundamental, but unanswered questions about how much the uncertainties in climate - change projections can be reduced.
Natural fluctuations don't quite average out (e.g. solar, ocean circulation regimes) because the system is nonlinear and
chaotic and can be «poked» into shifting through an interaction
of external forcing (natural or anthropogenic) and the circulations
of atmospheres and oceans.
It's
of relevance to weather forecasting but the short term
chaotic nature
of the
atmosphere makes it less suitable for climate change analysis or to detect global [surface] warming.
This is exactly what is to be expected if the
atmosphere is defined in terms
of a deterministic system exhibiting sensitivity to initial conditions —
chaotic, in simple terms.
I usually add the postscript that dynamical systems theory implies extreme climate sensitivity near points
of chaotic bifurcation — suggesting that changing the composition
of the
atmosphere may not be entirely risk free.