Sentences with phrase «charge separation»
"Charge separation" refers to the process when positive and negative charges become separated from each other. This can happen when there is a movement of electrons or ions, resulting in a region with an excess of positive charge and another region with an excess of negative charge. Full definition
But it is this moment — the moment of charge separation — that scientists do not yet have clearly pictured.
sciencedaily.com
This is an important state to understand because it's key to the initial charge separation, or the moment energy conversion begins during photosynthesis.
Their simulation predicts that this large - scale charge separation generates the radiation.
Even more important is its ability to create charge separation in dielectrics — this has huge implications for understanding astrophysics.
Here, we attempt to provide further insight into the location of the primary charge separation upon far - red light excitation of PS II, using the EPR signal of the spin polarized 3P680 as a probe.
Now a team headed by Dr. Christoph Merschjann (HZB and Freie Universität Berlin) and Prof. Stefan Lochbrunner (University of Rostock) have for the first time precisely probed the processes occurring during light - induced charge separation.
Charge separation on peptides creates permanent dipole moments that can be aligned with an electric field to provide optimal orientation of the molecules and the amount of peptide immobilised can also be tuned by the electrostatic interactions when the peptides have an overall charge.
He imagines artificial eel organs tapping into the energy stored by natural charge separations throughout the body, like between the stomach — which is relatively positively charged — and surrounding tissue.
«For example, the combination of MoS2 and WS2 forms a type - II semiconductor that enables fast charge separation.
In demonstrating the ultrafast charge separation capabilities of atomically thin samples of MoS2 / WS2 heterostructures, Wang and his collaborators have opened up potentially rich new avenues, not only for photonics and optoelectronics, but also for photovoltaics.
They traveled through the air at slower speeds, meaning they may have been less likely to collide with ice crystals, rubbing against them and causing that all - important charge separation.
This is because the charge carriers are far more mobile in ZnO, so they should flow more quickly after charge separation has occurred.
In this form, they attract photogenerated electrons, allowing for an efficient charge separation and an enhanced photocatalytic activity for hydrogen generation from water.
We demonstrate that, under far - red light illumination, the spin polarized 3P680 is not formed, despite the primary charge separation still occurring at these conditions.
The wavelength of the incident light determines the primary charge separation pathway in Photosystem II
«You can get enough charge separation to create lightning bolts, which was unfortunate for some of our experiments!»
The valve consists of a channel protein, the mechanosensitive channel of large conductance (MscL) from Escherichia coli, modified by attachment of synthetic compounds that undergo light - induced charge separation to reversibly open and close a 3 - nanometer pore.
Charge separation on one end of the peptide creates a dipole moment (indicated by ellipses) that aligns with the electric field and rotates the entire molecule.
Scientists have some idea of how aerosols change a cloud's inner workings but the microphysics of charge separation and lightning generation are still not fully understood.
When the charge separation becomes too much for the air to resist, an electrical pulse — lightning — zaps between the charged regions.
They were also able to witness the sequence of steps leading up to charge separation.
«The antennae take solar energy and create a molecular excitation, and in the reaction center, the excitation is converted to a charge separation,» Ogilvie said.
«Lightning is caused by charge separation within clouds, and to maximize charge separation, you have to loft more water vapor and heavy ice particles into the atmosphere,» he said.
The fact that identical samples have demonstrated charge separation upon both far - red and visible light excitation supports our hypothesis that two pathways for primary charge separation exist in parallel in PS II reaction centres.
Abstract: Charge separation is a key component of the reactions cascade of photosynthesis, by which solar energy is converted to chemical energy.
«The specialized scanning tunneling microscope used for these studies can also measure the absorption of light and charge separation in molecules designed for solar cells,» Weiss said.
Strong temperature differentials between the stormy area and the region in front of the storm, can cause air to rise quickly, creating lots of friction and charge separation.
There is little doubt that electric charges play a role in lightning and there is a relationship between ice crystals and charge separation.
«Lightning is caused by charge separation within clouds, and to maximize charge separation, you have to loft more water vapor and heavy ice particles into the atmosphere,» he said.
«Optically - induced charge separation and terahertz emission in unbiased dielectrics» by Fischer & Rand 2011
The point I want to emphasize is that its the spontaneous formation of plasma double layers in the earth's atmosphere with their charge separation forms the clouds — not that the formation of clouds creates the observed charge separation.