Sentences with phrase «charged atoms»

It works by accelerating electrically charged atoms, or ions, to push a spacecraft forward.

They discovered that only the transport of charged atoms of hydrogen (H +) played a role in the regenerative process.

Typically, and logically, a positively charged hydrogen atom bonds to a negatively charged atom of oxygen, nitrogen or fluorine.

In the end, the strong separation of negatively charged electrons and now positively charged atoms, or ions, creates the forces that accelerate an ion beam toward the tumor.

Proposed by Caltech geochemist Don Burnett, the idea was to put a spacecraft in orbit between the sun and Earth to collect particles of solar wind — electrically charged atoms from the sun's atmosphere blown outward through the solar system.

Methods: Like most metals, cesium dissolves in water as charged atoms called ions.

Unlike water or regular ice, in superionic ice the water molecules dissociate into charged atoms called ions, with the oxygen ions locked in a solid lattice, while the hydrogen ions move like the molecules in a liquid.

The channels allow charged atoms and molecules to travel into or out of cells; the extra channels enabled ions to cross more easily, thereby reducing how polarized these cells had become.

The solar wind of charged particles and magnetic fields blows through a fog of primordial dust and neutrally charged atoms created in nearby stars or the uppermost reaches of Earth's atmosphere.

For the largest part of each month, the moon is bombarded with high - speed, highly charged atoms spewing from the sun and carried by the solar wind.

Most other quantum experiments have involved charged atoms, or ions, as their charge makes them more easily trappable.

So we had minute trace gases as you have in the real atmosphere, of sulfur dioxide and ozone and water vapor, and then by keeping these things constant and just changing the ionization [the abundance of electrically charged atoms] in the chamber a little bit, we could see that we could produce these small aerosols, which are the basic building blocks for cloud condensation nuclei.

Ion channels are specialized pores in the cell membrane and move charged atoms known as ions in and out of cells, thereby controlling a wide variety of biological processes including brain function and heartbeat.

Liquid - metal sources, their conical shape generated by electrostatic fields, produce charged atoms that can cut away and rebuild circuits on a microscopic scale

In another study, the craft used its Fast Imaging Plasma Spectrometer to identify energetic charged atoms and molecules (plasma) caught in Mercury's magnetic field.

Genesis spent two years intercepting charged atoms from the solar wind, the continuous flow of particles emanating from the sun.

Scientists have long known that brain cells communicate via electrical missives, created by charged atoms and molecules called ions as they travel across the membranes of those cells.

To create arsenic - catching chemicals, the Sandia developers first selected mineral families known to attract negatively charged atom groups, or anions, such as the arsenic - containing compound arsenate.

The key fuel cell component that determines its operating temperature is the electrolyte, a layer of material that conducts charged atoms from one side of the cell to the other.

This year researchers finally engineered microchips capable of rudimentary storage and manipulation of the quantum states of individual charged atoms, the most promising candidates for implementing practical qubits.

But chemists at the University of Copenhagen have discovered a new kind of hydrogen bond that, at first glance, should be impossible: It's composed of two positively charged atoms, one phosphorus and one hydrogen.

Each synaptic event and each neural impulse cause a change in the distributions of electrically charged atoms in the adjacent interstitial fluid.

In this new class of crystalline materials, trapped electrons take the place of negatively charged atoms.

Ion channels are biomolecules that allow charged atoms to flow in and out of cells, and they are an important work - horse in cell signaling, sensing, and energetics.

Theoretically, you could pattern metamaterials at that tiny scale using specialized methods like focused beams of charged atoms, but such materials would be difficult to mass - produce.

When an ion, which is an electrically charged atom, comes into contact with water, the network of hydrogen bonds is perturbed.

Two instruments, the Ion Energy Analyzer (IEA) and the Ion Mass Analyzer (IMA), measured the ions (charged atoms) coming from the moon and the ions in the Earth's magnetosphere.

Inside his prototype are three layers of molten fluid: magnesium, antimony, and an electrolyte solution that transfers magnesium ions (charged atoms) to the antimony, producing an electric current.

Ions are charged atoms or molecules and when ions accumulate on either side of a cell membrane, they form an ion gradient.

Some groups are building quantum systems with ions, or charged atoms, as qubits.

Memristors, however, incorporate both electron flow and ions — electrically charged atoms.

To find these elements he and colleagues at Livermore and Russia's Joint Institute for Nuclear Research collided ions (charged atoms) with other, target atoms in a cyclotron, a machine that accelerates the nuclei to high speeds with a magnetic field.

An ion thruster (or ion drive), one of several types of spacecraft propulsion, uses beams of ions - electrically charged atoms or molecules - for propulsion.

The saying «opposites attract» certainly applies to hydrogen bonds, which are made of one negatively and one positively charged atom.

Here, a reactive species, usually a negatively charged atom or molecule, attacks an organic molecule in a way that this molecule repels a currently bonded partner in order to create the new bond.

The Oxford team is using a trapped - ion technique to develop its computer, in which logic gates place two charged atoms — containing information in the form of quantum bits, or qubits — in a state of quantum entanglement.

These charged atoms or molecules are known as ions, and the amount of charge on an ion is known as its oxidation state.

With sufficiently intense laser pulses, it may also be possible to release ions, which are charged atoms, from the nanocomposite, resulting in strongly directed ion radiation for cancer therapy.

Researchers at Germany's Technical University of Darmstadt shone a laser onto a tiny opaque crystal studded with electrically charged atoms of praseodymium, a rare earth element.

FEEBLE FORCE Scientists detected a tiny force using a charged atom (illustrated as a red sphere), which moved (orange) when pelted with laser light (purple).

The GFZ's Anja Schreiber prepared these slices using a focussed beam of charged atoms (ions) to ablate the surface.

Vuletic then engineered a second surface: an ion crystal — essentially, a grid of charged atoms — in order to study friction's effects, atom by atom.

The charged atoms can then be trapped using voltages applied to nearby metallic surfaces.

When used at NIST to transmit laser light to trap ions (electrically charged atoms), the fibers reduce stray light and fluctuations in laser beam pointing and make it possible to transfer ultraviolet light between separate optical tables, the paper notes.

The NIST experiment, described in the Dec. 17 issue of Nature, * manipulated one magnesium and one beryllium ion (charged atom) confined in a custom trap (see photo).

This is an ion trap used in NIST quantum computing experiments demonstrating logic operations with two different types of ions (charged atoms).

By pairing the vibrations of a charged molecule and a charged atom, researchers can use the atom as a probe to observe and control the more complex molecule without disturbing it.

Previous studies had found evidence that amphotericin opens up ion channels in membranes, perhaps making them more leaky to charged atoms that could disrupt a cell.

Physicists can observe complex molecules without disrupting them by linking them up to a charged atom, giving a new way to probe fundamental physics