A
chemical rocket is a type of spacecraft propulsion system that uses stored energy in the form of fuel and oxidizer to generate thrust.
Full definition
Space elevators are a new way to access space less expensively than possible
with chemical rocket technology.
While nearly all spacecraft
use chemical rockets for launching, once the hardware is in space, propulsion is still needed to manouvere the craft for orbital station - keeping, supply missions and space exploration.
An optimistic Dickman, for one, sees no limit to what can be achieved if NASA develops new technologies to replace old and
inefficient chemical rockets.
F: A nuclear - thermal rocket — a fission reactor that heats hydrogen to 4,000 degrees Fahrenheit — gives you an exhaust velocity twice as fast as the
best chemical rocket.
Unlike chemical rockets, where the propulsive energy is stored in the fuel itself, Dawn gets the energy to accelerate the xenon from two solar panels.
To prepare for it, mission controllers outfit the deep - space vehicle with a high -
thrust chemical rocket stage, carried up from Earth by an electrically propelled resupply tug.
A less extreme rocket than Orion and still
keeping chemical rocket would something like the Sea Dragon - that put hundreds of thousand of kilogram into GEO.
At Escape Dynamics we are working on the next generation propulsion technologies with the goal of developing electromagnetically - powered engines operating at 10x the efficiency
of chemical rockets.
Even though you'd still need a
conventional chemical rocket to reach space from the ground, once there this engine could generate enough thrust to get people to Mars three to four times as fast as a traditional spacecraft — within 39 days, under the most favorable conditions.
NASA considered the cost of exploring both Vesta and Ceres
with chemical rockets and concluded that it would have required two missions at $ 750 million each, as opposed to Dawn's sub - $ 500 million price tag.
You can purify it and drink it, you can crack it using solar cell technology and turn it into hydrogen and oxygen to breathe and power fuel cells, or you can use it as
a chemical rocket propellant,» he says.
Chemical rockets, the standard since World War II, are too slow; the fastest rocket we've ever launched would take 74,000 years to get to Alpha Centauri, our closest stellar neighbor.
Here electric propulsion, with its higher exhaust speed, is preferred as it typically uses less propellant that than
chemical rockets.
A chemical rocket engine can use solid propellant (as does the Space Shuttle's SRBs), liquid propellant (as does the Space shuttle main engine), or a hybrid mixture of both.
Unfortunately, sending a spacecraft to even the closest star (Alpha Centauri, 4.3 light - years away) would take 70,000 years at the speed of today's
chemical rockets.
But an engine will be firing during 90 percent of the trip, building up a speed as high as that attained by
any chemical rocket.
To set course for Vesta,
a chemical rocket would burn for a few minutes near Earth, putting it on a path that intersected Vesta's orbit, and then burn again to enter that orbit.
Chemical rockets would take more than two years to go to Mars and back.
For Mars it's twice as fast as
a chemical rocket: a round - trip in about one year.
Ion exhaust is much faster than the exhaust from
a chemical rocket, so an ion engine can produce 10 times as much thrust from each pound of fuel.
Ion thrusters are therefore able to achieve high specific impulse, reducing the amount of reaction mass required, but increasing the amount of power required compared to
chemical rockets.
Their constant acceleration results in speeds that ultimately surpass those of
chemical rockets.
Currently used to achieve large amounts of energy necessary to launch a craft past Earth's gravitational pull,
chemical rockets are inadequate for travel to the stars in timescales of human lifetimes.
To travel that distance within a generation, Milner said,
a chemical rocket like the ones we use today would need fuel equivalent to the weight of all the stars in the Milky Way.