Therefore the purpose of this review is to investigate how cats process and use
chemical signals in social contexts, and identify ways this information can be used to improve cat welfare, including additional species - appropriate ways of reinforcing the human - cat bond.
Some amino acids control our moods — they cross the blood - brain barrier, carrying
the chemical signals in our brains.
Neurons transmit
chemical signals in a fleeting «kiss - and - run» process, which in large part determines how quickly neurons can fire, according to new studies by Howard Hughes Medical Institute...
In Advances in
Chemical Signals in Vertebrates, ed.
chemical ecology The study of how plants and animals use chemicals and
chemical signals in their interactions with each other and their environment.
The finding, reported online today in the Proceedings of the Royal Society B, is the first experimental demonstration of sexual deception using false
chemical signals in any animal.
They found that a handshake alone was sufficient for the transfer of several odors known to serve as meaningful
chemical signals in mammals.
However, I do not believe that it could not possibly survive the death of the body because it is embodied in the unique patterns of electrical and
chemical signals in the brain.
In the late 1970s, geologist Walter Alvarez of the University of California at Berkeley and his father Luis, a Nobel Prize — winning physicist, found an unusual
chemical signal in an ancient layer of Italian clay.
And there's some evidence of similarly disrupted patterns of
chemical signalling in the brains of people with sleep disorders and ADHD.
Emerging nanoscale implants will play an important role in understanding communication among nerve cells in the brain, while other researchers hope to use the same technology to probe
chemical signaling in microbial communities.
Gamma amino butyric acid (GABA) is the major inhibitory
chemical signal in the brain.
Not exact matches
It «will either be a one - time, one - off, fire - and - forget retaliation for a heinous
chemical - weapons assault on civilians, or it will serve as a
signal to the Assad regime and its allies that the free ride for mass murder
in Syria is now over,» Hof said.
Love is an emotion, a mix of hormones,
chemicals, and electrical
signals in the brain and body.
These layers may be visible, related to the nature of the ice; or they may be
chemical, related to differential transport
in different seasons; or they may be isotopic, reflecting the annual temperature
signal (for example, snow from colder periods has less of the heavier isotopes of H and O).
Prostaglandins are little
chemical messengers (I think of them like text messages) that
signal an anti-inflammatory response
in the body.
TPA is a toxic
chemical described as «a potent tumor promoter
in mouse skin» by the Boston - based firm Cell
Signaling Technology.
Protein is hugely important for our body - it aids
in muscle repair, speeds up
chemical reactions and plays a role
in cell
signalling.
The milk left
in engorged breasts releases
chemical signals that tell the body to reduce milk production.
When you or your child comes
in contact with egg proteins, immune system cells (antibodies) recognize them and
signal the immune system to release histamine and other
chemicals that cause allergic signs and symptoms.
Blood samples from infants who died of Sudden Infant Death Syndrome (SIDS) had high levels of serotonin, a
chemical that carries
signals along and between nerves, according to a study funded
in part by the National Institutes of Health.
Both methods resulted
in the creation of novel functional elements that respond to a combination of one
chemical and one physical
signal,
in this instance temperature.
Mitochondria, specialized organelles found
in nearly every cell of the body, use cellular respiration to generate one of the most important sources of
chemical energy — adenosine triphosphate (ATP), a versatile nucleotide that powers everything from cell division to cell
signaling to transportation of large molecules across the cell membrane.
Now,
in a study published February 13
in Science
Signaling, Lin's team discovered that a
chemical compound that activates ATF6 also converts patient - derived stem cells into blood vessels.
However, if you don't see those [Earth - like]
signals, you can't conclude that there isn't life, because the life may be completely different; it may proceed
in some
chemical pathway that we might mistake for nonbiotic processes, for geologic processes.
When the team applied the technique to a sample of the organic molecule PTCDA, not only did the molecules show up
in intricate detail, an electrical
signal was also detected between them (coloured green below), at exactly the locations where hydrogen bonds are present (Journal of the American
Chemical Society, DOI: 10.1021 / ja104332t).
For some years now, a new class of drugs called antibody - drug conjugates (ADCs) have been used, which work
in two ways: they consist of an antibody that binds selectively to the tumor cell receptor and interrupts the
signal to propagate; they also act as a transport vehicle for a
chemical substance that enters the cancer cells with the antibody and triggers their death.
Experiments
in the lab and
in the field showed that termites eavesdrop on the micro-vibrations made when ants move around, rather than on
chemical signals.
Based on their results and evidence from other studies on addiction and the hippocampus, the authors suggest an intriguing explanation for addiction: newborn neurons
in the hippocampus inhibit the release of dopamine, one of the major
chemical messengers that act as a reward
signal.
Bees communicate
in large part through
chemical pheromones, with different odors
signaling everything from alarm to an individual bee's status.
The new study, published online this month
in the journal Environmental Science and Technology, is the first to examine how biochar affects the
chemical signaling that's routinely used by soil microorganisms that interact with plants.
In principle, Soloveichik says, the same formula can be used to produce more complex behavior, such as changing the clock's speed in response to chemical signal
In principle, Soloveichik says, the same formula can be used to produce more complex behavior, such as changing the clock's speed
in response to chemical signal
in response to
chemical signals.
The group is now pursuing studies that couple the mechanical forces of a blast, or pressure wave, to the activation of
chemical -
signaling pathways
in neural cells.
In the first study of its kind, Rice University scientists have used synthetic biology to study how a popular soil amendment called «biochar» can interfere with the
chemical signals that some microbes use to communicate.
Recent research has shown that the cascade of
signals in the proinflammatory immune response tend to cause the amino acid tryptophan to break down into kynurenic acid rather than serotonin, a brain
chemical that influences mood.
To discover this, Hui Liu, Gene Robinson, and Eric Jakobsson of the University of Illinois developed new computational tools to analyze patterns of gene conservation across a wide range of animals, for genes activated and inhibited
in the honey bee brain by exposure to a
chemical communication
signal that triggers alarm.
Jennifer Barone wrote about how plants detect and respond to changes
in the world around them and even communicate with their neighbors through
chemical signals.
By analyzing
chemical changes of the IRS - 2 protein
in immortalized cultures of human white blood cells, it determined that IRS - 2 appeared
in two different forms — «on,» which allows the
signal to pass through, and «off,» which stops the
signal from activating the cells into M2 macrophages.
However,
in people with asthma, the M2 cells and the
chemical signals they emit linger and call
in other cells that cause inflammation that can trigger an asthma attack with the classic symptoms of difficulty breathing, wheezing and shortness of breath.
A study published
in the journal PLOS ONE reports that the synthetic molecule JK - 31 blocks the
signalling of a «growth factor»
chemical that promotes the creation of networks of blood vessels to feed tumors.
The second gene, TNFRSF6B, encodes a receptor related to those that bind tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-- a key
chemical signal for triggering inflammation
in IBD as well as
in patients with other autoimmune disorders such as rheumatoid arthritis and psoriasis.
In the hippocampus and the amygdala, areas of the brain thought to be associated with episodic memory, researchers had shown that the chemical signaling agent called glutamate acts like a key in the lock of some of these protein «flood gates.&raqu
In the hippocampus and the amygdala, areas of the brain thought to be associated with episodic memory, researchers had shown that the
chemical signaling agent called glutamate acts like a key
in the lock of some of these protein «flood gates.&raqu
in the lock of some of these protein «flood gates.»
Parkinson's disease is caused by the death of neurons
in the brain that produce dopamine, a
chemical that shuttles
signals between neurons and is responsible for controlling the body's movement.
That
signaled that the water and minerals
in the surrounding sandstone had reached a
chemical equilibrium with the injected seawater far more quickly than anticipated —
in two years rather than a century.
Multiple sclerosis (MS) is caused by immune cells that activate a cascade of
chemicals in the brain, attacking and degrading the insulation that keeps neuronal
signals moving.
Similarly, the
signals trigger an increase
in toxic
chemicals such as nitric oxide, quinolonic acid, and kynurenic acid, which are bad for the functioning of nerve cells.
At a critical threshold of the incoming light's intensity, the
signal is exponentially amplified, and the laser light imprinted with the
chemical's signature emerges from the sample
in all directions.
To understand the role of hydrogen peroxide
in signaling and oxidation, however, the researchers wanted to know the time - resolved location of the
chemical.
About ten years ago, research results showed that things are not quite as simple as that: «Under most conditions, H2O2 is not an undesired side product but rather an essential
chemical messenger that plays an important role
in regulating the way
in which body cells respond to
signals from outside such as hormones and growth factors,» says Dr. Tobias Dick of the German Cancer Research Center (Deutsches Krebsforschungszentrum, DKFZ).
Preti is hot on the scent of the human armpit because he believes that secretions from the so - called axillary region harbor pheromones, airborne
chemical signals that influence mating, dominance, familyties, and maturation
in other species of the animal kingdom.