As a result, species such as
the chinstrap penguin are much more vulnerable to a warming climate than previously thought, say U.S. scientists from the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration.
Penguin species found here include large numbers of king penguins on South Georgia especially, as well as
chinstrap penguin, macaroni penguin, gentoo penguin, Adelie penguin, and rockhopper penguin (Eudyptes chrysocome).
Getting to
the chinstrap penguin colony along the Antarctic Peninsula isn't for the fainthearted.
From taking excursions to spot humpback whales and leopard seals, to hikes with panoramic glacial views, to visiting
a chinstrap penguin colony, embarking on this epic adventure will create memories for a lifetime.
According to a BBC Nature slideshow, the Natural History Museum in Madrid found that within the past 20 years, more than 30 percent of
the chinstrap penguin population... Read More
«Actually, in the»90s it was thought that the climate change would favor
the chinstrap penguin, because this species prefers sea waters without ice, unlike the Adélie penguin, which prefers the ice pack,» study researcher Andres Barbosa told LiveScience.
Meanwhile, the nearby
chinstrap penguin colony of Bailey Head, which is usually visited by 2,000 to 3,500 people every season, showed a decline of about 50 percent.
I sat down, and soon a lone
chinstrap penguin came onto the shore from the sea.
As climate change became a concern, researchers assumed that warming would favor the ice - avoiding
chinstrap penguins, sending the Adelies into decline as more and more of their winter sea - ice home disappeared.
With less food available, fewer young Adelie and
chinstrap penguins alike survive to maturity, said the new study's lead author, wildlife biologist Wayne Trivelpiece of the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration.
That made sense to scientists, since they observed Adelies wintering on pack ice, while
chinstrap penguins preferred the open water north of that pack ice.
The number of Adelie and
chinstrap penguins living on the Antarctic Peninsula has plummeted by more than half during the past 30 years.
Re-examining assumptions The study builds on decades of work by scientists studying Adelie and
chinstrap penguins in the West Antarctic Peninsula and the adjacent Scotia Sea.
For example,
the chinstrap penguins on Zavodovski Island, which were disturbed by eruptions from the Mt Curry volcano in 2016.
[See Photos of
Chinstrap Penguins on Deception]
Barbosa and his colleagues tallied
chinstrap penguins (Pygoscelis antarctica) in the Vapour Col colony of Deception Island, in the Antarctic's South Shetland Islands in 1991 - 92 and 2008 - 09.
Projected landfalls include King George Island, Deception Island and Half Moon Island with nesting Wilson's storm petrels and
chinstrap penguins.
... populations of both ice - loving Adélie and ice - avoiding
chinstrap penguins have declined significantly....
Now, because of the earth's rising fever, their feathered cousins,
the chinstrap penguins, are in trouble.
Not exact matches
«There are still some islands further south where King
penguins may retreat,» notes Céline Le Bohec (IPHC / CNRS / University of Strasbourg and CSM), leader of the programme 137 of the French Polar Institut Paul - Emile Victor within which the study was initiated, «but the competition for breeding sites and for food will be harsh, especially with the other
penguin species like the
Chinstrap, Gentoo or Adélie
penguins, even without the fisheries.
All 18 species of
penguin were studied; Emperor and Adelie (Antarctica), King,
Chinstrap, Gentoo, Macaroni, Royal, Southern Rockhopper, Northern Rockhopper (Sub-Antarctic), Little, Fiordland, Snares, Erect - crested, Yellow - eyed (Oceania), and African, Magellanic, Humboldt and Galapágos (Africa and South America).
Chinstrap and Gentoo
penguins, for example, are less dependent on sea ice for their survival and have immigrated into some of the strongholds once dominated by Adélie
penguins.
«There are still some islands further south where king
penguins may retreat but the competition for breeding sites and for food will be harsh, especially with the other
penguin species like the
chinstrap, gentoo or Adélie
penguins, even without the fisheries,» said his co-author Céline Le Bohec, also of the University of Strasbourg.
In the process, sub-Antarctic species —
Chinstrap and Gentoo
penguins — are replacing the Adélies in their former range.
«When we see steep declines in populations, as we have been documenting with both
chinstrap and Adélie
penguins, we know there's a much larger ecological problem.»
A warming Antarctic is causing varying changes - for some ice - requiring
penguins like the Adelie it is detrimental, while for ice - intolerant species such as the gentoo and
chinstrap it could be beneficial.