Not exact matches
These techniques include: human tissue created by reprogramming cells from people with the relevant
disease (dubbed «patient in a dish»); «body on a
chip» devices, where human tissue samples on a silicon
chip are linked by a circulating blood substitute; many computer
modelling approaches, such as virtual organs, virtual patients and virtual clinical trials; and microdosing studies, where tiny doses
of drugs given to volunteers allow scientists to study their metabolism in humans, safely and with unsurpassed accuracy.
To demonstrate the
chip's efficacy in
modeling disease, the team doped different regions
of the brain with the drug Phencyclidine hydrochloride — commonly known as PCP — which simulates schizophrenia.
«If human organs on
chips can be shown to be robust and consistently recapitulate complex human organ physiology and
disease phenotypes in unrelated laboratories around the world, as suggested by early proof -
of - concept studies, then we will see them progressively replace one animal
model at a time.
Over the last few years, scientists have been able to recreate accurate
models of human organs by embedding living tissue onto
chips, allowing them to study the effects
of drugs and
diseases without testing on animals or humans.
«As examples, scientists could use Organ -
Chips to create a living
model of a patient with Parkinson's
disease, amyotrophic lateral sclerosis or Crohn's
disease, a debilitating inflammatory bowel disorder linked to several gene mutations.
Emulate continues to develop a wide range
of Organ -
Chips and
disease models through collaborations with industry partners and internal R&D programs.
«The development
of a functional human kidney glomerulus
chip opens up an entirely new experimental path to investigate kidney biology, carry out highly personalized
modeling of kidney
diseases and drug toxicities, and the stem cell - derived kidney podocytes we developed could even offer a new injectable cell therapy approach for regenerative medicine in patients with life - threatening glomerulopathies in the future,» said Ingber.
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Disease - driving pathways that involve the human immune system are often targeted by antibodies, and Organ -
Chips recreate complex interactions
of different human cell types and aspects
of the human immune system, overcoming limitations
of animal
models which do not reflect all human immune cells.