The current series of studies present findings from two animal models of PTSD, namely the mouse
chronic social defeat (CSDS) model (Berton et al., 2006; Golden et al., 2011) recently developed in collaboration with Dr. Eric Nestler and also the fear - conditioned, Wistar - Kyoto (WKY) rat model (DaSilva et al., 2011; 2013).
The Chronic Social Defeat Stress (CSDS) mouse model has received much interest recently as it closely mimics the dynamic range of individual responses to stressors such as the development of a major depressive disorder, anxiety, post-traumatic stress disorder or resil ¬ iency to these disease states.
Then they recorded brain activity as these mice were subjected to a stressful situation called
chronic social defeat.
To demonstrate the effects of bullying, the researchers used an animal model simulating the physical and emotional stressors involved in human bullying —
chronic social defeat stress.
Looking inside the brains of animals exposed to
chronic social defeat stress, the scientists observed hyperactive firing of neurons in the ventral tegmental area (VTA), a critical part of a reward circuit.