Sentences with phrase «circuitry by»

Initial analyses examined task effects in the entire group to verify the activation of the hypothesized mesolimbic reward circuitry by the task.

Students create paper robots, and learn the science behind circuitry by using LEDs to make their monsters light up.

For example, scientists could confirm or disprove whether an experience was truly linked with specific brain circuitry by first identifying networks activated when a rat encounters, say, an anxiety - provoking event, and afterwards stimulating that same network directly to determine whether the animal shows evidence of experiencing the same mental state.

The research team selectively overexpressed a transcription factor, Klf9, only in older neurons in mice, which eliminated more than one - fifth of their dendritic spines, increased the number of new neurons that integrated into the hippocampus circuitry by two-fold, and activated neural stem cells.

Not exact matches

The idea of an «absolute antidote» suggests a different concept of the human than is presumed in Hitchens's argument: a being capable of enslavement by his darker side, one whose infinite desire for something beyond himself can be short - circuited into various «false infinities» (Ratzinger), who can redeem himself only by restoring the circuitry of his absolute relationship with his Generator.

Much of the circuitry he works with already exists — networks of neurons, honed by years of evolution — and he augments this circuitry with his own small electronic devices.

It consists mostly of light - sensing cells, but one tenth of a millimeter of its thickness is populated by image - processing circuitry that is capable of detecting edges (boundaries between light and dark) and motion for about a million tiny image regions.

«I was just bowled over by the implications for how we can start nailing down the circuitry underlying consciousness,» she says.

Fine - tuning that circuitry — connecting the eye to a specific part of the visual cortex — is shaped by experience.

«It is exciting to find a correlation between brain circuitry and gene expression by combining high quality data from these two large - scale projects,» says David Van Essen, Ph.D., professor at Washington University in St. Louis and a leader of the Human Connectome Project.

The ultimate speed limit in electronic circuitry is set by the motion of the electrons themselves.

Scientists designed the bacteria by adding 18 new genes to their genetic circuitry, including thousands of DNA bases that code for light sensor proteins that respond to red, green, or blue light.

A study released this week in Cell reports on fruit fly neural circuitry that is affected by the drosophila equivalent of NPY — dNPF.

Magicians dazzle us by exploiting loopholes in the brain's circuitry for perceiving the world and paying attention

Produced by a technique called fiber tractography, the image helped doctors at Sherbrooke University Hospital Center in Quebec avoid cutting vital circuitry during brain surgery: The reddest nerve fibers were those most likely to be severed by incisions to remove the tumor.

For his part, Collins, who has led NIH since 2009 and been kept on by the Trump administration, pointed to an array of promising NIH activities, including the development of new technologies to provide insights into human brain circuitry and function through the Brain Research through Advancing Innovative Neuroethologies (BRAIN initiative) and the use of the gene - editing tool CRISPR - Cas9 to correct mutations and clear the way to develop and test a «curative therapy» for the first molecular disease: sickle cell disease.

And because the molecular circuitry can also be printed into fabrics, there is potential to add these to bandages and clothing worn by medical staff, which would change colour on contact with superbugs.

Previous research showed that sending electrical pulses through the tongue activated the neural network for balance; such activation may shore up the circuitry weakened by MS.

This is consistent with findings, from a large literature of studies on depression and reward circuitry, that depression is characterized by less activity in the brain's reward system.

Now, a preclinical study, from the lab of Olivier Berton, PhD, an assistant professor in the department of Psychiatry, in collaboration with Sheryl Beck, PhD, a professor in the department of Anesthesiology at Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, found that bullying and other social stresses triggered symptoms of depression in mice by activating GABA neurons, in a never - before - seen direct relationship between social stimuli and this neural circuitry.

Biologists have long suspected that the male mouse brain is cued by testosterone to develop circuitry for male sex behaviors like rump sniffing.

Neural nets process information by passing it through a hierarchy of interconnected layers, somewhat akin to the brain's biological circuitry.

The second key technology, CNNP, achieved incredibly low power consumption by optimizing a convolutional neural network (CNN) in the areas of circuitry, architecture, and algorithms.

Each glider, torpedo - shaped and filled with circuitry, propels itself by adjusting the volume of air in a bladder in its nose — the buoyancy of a larger bladder will force the nose up, while making it smaller tips the glider down.

The amygdala may be looking out for your best interests by preserving a memory of that nighttime car accident, but if the result is an inability to drive after dark, the fear circuitry has gone too far.

It is based on a model of the brain circuitry found in the mammalian visual system by Torsten Wiesel and the late David H. Hubel, both then at Harvard University, in the late 1950s and early 1960s (work for which they would later be awarded a Nobel Prize).

A government - commissioned independent review by a panel of scientists known as JASON estimated that the plutonium primaries in the current warheads will last a minimum of a century in storage, however, and, therefore, recommended that no action be taken other than routine maintenance, such as replacing surrounding circuitry and parts as they age — a core function of the Lifetime Extension Program the W76s are currently undergoing.

«Showing that pleasure and value of music can be changed by the application of TMS is not only an important — and remarkable — demonstration that the circuitry behind these complex responses is now becoming better understood, but it also has possible clinical applications,» says Robert Zatorre, a professor of neurology and neurosurgery and the study's senior author.

The study supports the importance of the serotonin which is specified and maintained by a specific gene, the Pet - 1 gene — for normal functioning of the neurons, synapses and networks in the cortex, as well as proper development of brain circuitry.

Cell by cell, they hope to piece together the structure's circuitry.

By laying legal claim to the circuitry needed to defeat its system, Macrovision can sue anyone who sells a black box which allows illegal copying.

By way of other circuitry, these electrons translate into the desired information: whether a land mine was encountered or not.

HP originally envisioned the technology as a way to create computer displays in car or train windows, but Xtreme Energetics wants by 2010 to begin including this circuitry in its solar panels to improve their ability gather sunlight — another take on the thin - film model.

The researchers also found an unexpected arrangement in the bats» neural circuitry, which they uncovered by tracing neurons in the wings back to the spinal column.

Flexible circuitry mimics the way skin transduces pressure signals [Also see Report by Tee et al..]

If we're disrupting this preparation by, say, reading email or playing videogames, which not only give off light but charge up our emotions and get our VTA dopaminergic circuitry going, it's easy to see why we're likely to have trouble falling asleep.»

It could be assumed, she says, that this circuitry is activated only by the rush of hormones during conception, pregnancy, and childbirth.

Paradoxically, results also provide evidence that even a limited history of substance use was related to less responsivity in the reward circuitry, as has been suggested by experiments with animals.

«In the initial phase of the project, our team began by investigating new methods for emulating the locomotion of invertebrates, which provided fundamental insights into the machineries of their soft distributed actuation circuitries that allow for high bending motions without skeletal support,» said Professor Michael McAlpine of UMN.

One option might be to integrate lasers with silicon circuitry on silicon wafers by means of porous glass layers that are activated by organic laser dyes.

Three basic mechanisms have been proposed over the years to explain the formation of specific neural circuitry: (1) an elaborate predetermined program encoded genetically in each neuron that unfolds according to rigid and unmodifiable rules, (2) a random process of trial and error in which growing nerve fibers that make the right connections are consolidated and those that fail are reabsorbed and (3) a general program of circuit formation that is brought to completion by an interplay between genetic and extrinsic factors.

Furthermore, C326S ferroportin mutant mice with a disrupted hepcidin / ferroportin regulatory circuitry respond to injection of the TLR2 / 6 ligands FSL1 or PAM3CSK4 by ferroportin down regulation and a reduction of serum iron levels.

Andrew Todd at the University of Glasgow, UK, is excited by the newly identified circuitry.

For more than a generation, people have been trying to improve understanding of human brain circuitry, but are challenged by its vast complexity.

Understanding of leukemias also could be aided by insight into this regulatory circuitry, Singh said.

We address these questions by studying an animal that is capable of complex behavior and yet simple enough to allow systematic genetic manipulation of all parts of the neural circuitry.

The Gladstone Center for Cell Circuitry (GC3) addresses this fundamental challenge by developing single - cell tools to map how cellular components connect into circuits.

Now researchers led by the Wellcome Trust - Medical Research Council Cambridge Stem Cell Institute have managed to induce a ground state by rewiring the genetic circuitry in human embryonic stem (ES) cells and in adult cells that have been induced into a pluripotent state.

One is about understanding how the function of the brain circuitry is altered by different movement - related disease processes, such as stroke and Parkinson's disease.

And in patients who are profoundly disabled by their symptoms, an implantable device to fix this circuitry might even be a solution.