Sentences with phrase «circuits in the brain as»

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Three times I have been felled by lightning pain as seizures short - circuited my brain; Three times, waking in hospitals at dawn all memory of my poetry was gone, and once I'd nearly bitten through my tongue.

What's happening, the authors suggest, is that as the gay fathers take on the role of independent, hands - on caregivers, their brains change as a result — the «mentalising» circuit connects with and stimulates the «emotional» circuit more commonly found to be active in mothers.

Dr. Saper's research has explored circuitry of the brain that controls basic functions such as wake - sleep cycles, feeding, and immune response, and how these circuits are disrupted in neurological disorders, such as Parkinson's disease, in sleep disorders such as narcolepsy and sleep apnea, and during aging.

The potential for mind - boosting drugs and technologies has increased stunningly over the past decade as neuroscientists have unlocked the secrets of neuronal circuits, neurotransmitters, and specific molecular events triggering brain functions in three interconnected cognitive domains — attention, memory, and creativity.

Clearly, there are neural circuits in the visual pathways of the chick's brain that are specialized to detect the red spot on a beak as soon as the chick hatches.

Laird said she sees problems with the practice of labeling a set of regions in the brain as a specific circuit, such as the «hate circuit.»

The group employed various viral tracing methods — infecting receptor - expressing neurons with a virus strain and watching them spread as they label infected cells with a fluorescent protein — to visualize the neural circuit downstream of the ESP1 receptor, as well as providing an image of nerve fibers belonging to specific neurons in the brain and synapses relaying impulses from neuron to neuron, to map the anatomical foundation that conveys ESP1 signals in the brain.

«The evolution in songbirds of an identifiable circuit for a single complex behavior gives us a tremendous advantage as we try to parse out exactly what these parts of the brain do and how they do it,» says Woolley.

The critical role these changes play in brain development highlights the importance and urgency in understanding neural circuits in more detail and suggests new avenues for investigating the underlying causes of developmental disorders such as autism.

Without such large - scale inhibition, some circuits in the brain would seize up, as occurs in epilepsy.

«We're interested in learning more about what other proteins LRP6 interacts with, as well as how it acts in different types of brain cells at different developmental stages of circuit development and refinement.»

Several years ago, Yuste and other scientists originally pitched BRAIN to U.S. government officials as the Brain Activity Map, a 10 - year, $ 3 billion effort to develop tools in nanotechnology, optogenetics, and synthetic biology that could measure «every spike from every neuron» in a neural cirBRAIN to U.S. government officials as the Brain Activity Map, a 10 - year, $ 3 billion effort to develop tools in nanotechnology, optogenetics, and synthetic biology that could measure «every spike from every neuron» in a neural cirBrain Activity Map, a 10 - year, $ 3 billion effort to develop tools in nanotechnology, optogenetics, and synthetic biology that could measure «every spike from every neuron» in a neural circuit.

Just as computers use programming languages such as Java, the brain seems to have its own operating languages — a bewildering set of codes hidden in the rates and timing with which neurons fire as well as the rhythmic electrical activities that oscillate through brain circuits.

Scientists studying brain diseases may need to look beyond nerve cells and start paying attention to the star - shaped cells known as «astrocytes,» because they play specialized roles in the development and maintenance of nerve circuits and may contribute to a wide range of disorders, according to a new study by UC San Francisco researchers.

The finding of the region associated with impulse control may one day identify brain circuits involved in addiction as well as attention deficit and personality disorders

According to Halassa, the new research sets the stage for ever more detailed studies on the complex behavior involved in how the mammalian brain pays attention to what's important, and especially how those neural circuits are broken in cases of attention - deficit diseases, such as ADHD, autism, and schizophrenia.

Yuste hopes that seeing how the circuits work in real time might lead to new insights into the human brain and tell us more about mental illnesses such as schizophrenia, for example.

But a new study suggests that caring for children awakens a parenting network in the brain — even turning on some of the same circuits in men as it does in women.

Deep - brain stimulation has emerged as a technique to treat neurologic and neuropsychiatric disorders, including Parkinson's disease, dystonia, depression, and obsessive — compulsive disorder.2 - 5 The nature of the stimulation - induced modification of the neural circuit that results in improvement in patients with these disorders is not completely understood.

Most of his work focuses on the pharmacologic manipulation of mammalian brain circuits which use the most abundant inhibitory neurotransmitter in the central nervous system gamma - aminobutyric acid (GABA) as their chief signaling molecule.

To explain why the brain would form and recall memories using different circuits, Roy framed it in part as a matter of expediency.

Challenges stem from the kinetic nature and mechanical softness of brain tissue, tissue responses to implanted foreign bodies as well as our limited ability to control neural circuits and regenerative processes in situ.

These efforts also address neural function and memory, such as mechanisms employed by the brain to balance excitatory and inhibitory activity in neural circuits.

We believe that the time is right to focus inquiry on the «middle scale» of brain function where interesting features such as cognition or complex behavior emerge from the interactions that occur in large circuits of neurons.

He hopes it will also inspire neuroscientists to pursue other kinds of robotic automation — such as in optogenetics, the use of light to perturb targeted neural circuits and determine the causal role that neurons play in brain functions.

«Deficient neuron - microglia signaling results in impaired functional brain connectivity and social behavior» Y. Zhan, R.C. Paolicelli, F. Sforazzini, L. Weinhard, G. Bolasco, F. Pagani, A. L. Vyssotski, A. Bifone, A. Gozzi, D. Ragozzino, C.T. Gross Nature Neuroscience 17 (3), 400-4006 (2014) «USPIO - loaded Red Blood Cells as a biomimetic MR contrast agent: a relaxometric study» A. Boni, D. Ceratti, A. Antonelli, C. Sfara, M. Magnani, E. Manuali, S. Salamida, A. Gozzi, and A. Bifone Contrast Media and Molecular Imaging 9, 229 - 236 (2014) «Distributed BOLD and CBV - weighted resting - state networks in the mouse brain» F. Sforazzini, A.J. Schwarz, A. Galbusera, A. Bifone, and A. Gozzi NeuroImage 87, 403 - 415 (2014) «Antimicrobial peptides design by evolutionary multiobject optimization» G. Maccari, M. Di Luca, R. Nifosì, F. Caldarelli, G. Signore, C. Boccardi, and A. Bifone PloS Computational Biology 9 (9): e1003212 (2013) «Differential effect of orexin - 1 and crf - 1 antagonism on stress circuits: a fMRI study in the rat with the pharmacological stressor yohimbine» A. Gozzi, S: Lepore, E: Merlo Pich, and A. Bifone Neuropsychopharmacology 38 (11): 2120 - 2130 (2013) «Water dispersal and functionalization of hydrophobic iron oxide nanoparticles with lipid - modified poly (amidoamine) dendrimers» A. Boni, L. Albertazzi, C. Innocenti, M. Gemmi, and A. Bifone.

Describing the brain as a big circuit board in which each new experience creates a new circuit, Hopkins neuroscience professor Richard Huganir, Ph.D. says that he and his team found that during emotional peaks, the hormone norepinephrine dramatically sensitizes synapses - the site where nerve cells make an electro - chemical connection - to enhance the sculpting of a memory into the big board.

Alexei Koulakov and colleagues are trying to determine the mathematical rules by which the brain assembles itself, with particular focus on the formation of sensory circuits such as those involved in visual perception and olfaction.

Long - term use also causes changes in other brain chemical systems and circuits as well, affecting functions that include:

This achievement demonstrates not only that modern brain research is fast becoming the ultimate multidisciplinary field of inquiry of our time, but that future computer - user interfaces designed by industry, surprising as it may sound, may benefit from a better understanding of the way neural circuits operate in our very own brains.

Feng's group is focusing first on conditions with the strongest human genetic data, such as Huntington's disease, in which a single gene causes a disorder, and using advanced neuroimaging technology and other tools to understand how the mutation causes brain circuits to misfire.

The investigators saw that as the mice ramped down for sleep, activity in this brain circuit decreased.

[1] Inflammatory molecules interact with neuro - circuits in the brain, which can lead to behavioural responses such as avoidance and alarm.

In such condition even counting reps might prove a challenge for some... So unless, you are chasing the pump with left - brain workouts such as giant set circuits, you want to gather all your wits.

To reign in your sweet tooth, Chaudhary recommends the herbs ashwagandha as well as brahmi, a popular herb in India that is sold in capsule form in the U.S. Chaudhary refers to brahmi as a «brain tonic» because of its beneficial effects on cognitive function and specifically how it regulates overloaded and exhausted pleasure circuits.

Researchers speculate the brain circuits linked to emotion, such as those found in the amygdala, have evolved over the years.

When an individual visualizes an activity such as running, playing piano, or playing a sport, the circuits in our brains that control these activities become activated.

such as running, playing piano, or playing a sport, the circuits in our brains that control these activities become activated.

Character actor Bryan Probets is particularly memorable in a small role as a major whose brain has been short - circuited by the prison camp.

This activates the memory circuits that will be called upon to answer the questions in the test, just as visualising a tennis swing or soccer kick activates the critical motor brain networks.

The challenge as always in investing is to minimize the risk that our analog brains don't short - circuit us along the way.

They're helpful short circuits in our neural system, sending signals to the spinal cord, whence action signals are relayed back in what's known as the reflex arc, bypassing the time - consuming trek up to the brain and back down again.

The play circuit lives deep in the brain in the same regions that process emotion and our non conscious responses such as breathing, heart rate and hormonal regulation.

Emerging scientific investigation is improving our understanding of the causal biological pathways for these robust associations.46 Early childhood trauma, including physical abuse, leads to the production of stress hormones, such as cortisol and adrenaline that are normally protective, but with severe or persistent trauma can become toxic.47, 48 These stress hormones regulate neural circuits that are important in modulating an individual's response to stress, and over time, are associated with structural and functional changes in the brain and other organs.

This book will be of great value to our understanding of how effective emotionally - focused group work can act as a growth - facilitating environment for optimizing brain circuits in the «social» «emotional» right brain, the biological substrate of the human unconscious mind.

These experiences shape the very structure of our brain as its vital regulatory circuits develop in the earliest years of life.