Sentences with phrase «circulating concentration»

Although leptin reduces appetite, obese individuals generally exhibit an unusually high circulating concentration of leptin.

The reason why DHEA may have been so effective in mice may be because the initial circulating concentration of DHEA is significantly lower in mice (approximately 15 %) compared to humans.

Effects on postnatal growth and on circulating concentrations of intermediary metabolites, amino acids, and regulatory peptides

«The metabolically active estrogens exert strong biological activities at very low circulating concentrations.

In addition, individuals with stage B HF had greater circulating concentrations of cardiac stress biomarkers levels, putting them at increased risk for death.

Circulating concentrations of endothelial adhesion molecules and inflammatory cytokines are highly correlated with insulin resistance and its related metabolic abnormalities.

Animal studies have provided insight to the distribution of vitamin D receptors throughout the brain and link the production of neurotransmitters to adequate circulating concentrations [2].

Early endothelial dysfunction can readily be assessed by measuring circulating concentrations of endothelial soluble adhesion molecules.

Because of limited data, it is unclear whether magnesium intake is inversely related to circulating concentrations of endothelial biomarkers.

Objective: We assessed the association between consumption of partially hydrogenated vegetable oils (PHVOs) and non-HVOs and circulating concentrations of inflammatory markers among Tehrani women aged 40 — 60 y.

Multivariate - adjusted geometric means of circulating concentrations of inflammatory markers across quintiles of PHVOs and non-HVOs intakes are shown in Table 3.

In contrast, consumption of non-HVOs was related to lower circulating concentrations of sICAM - 1 (percentage difference between top and bottom quintiles in model 2: − 19 %; P for trend: < 0.05).

Circulating concentrations of serum amyloid A, E-selectin, sICAM - 1, and sVCAM - 1 were measured by commercially available enzyme - linked immunoabsorbent assay and standards (Biosource International, Camarillo, CA; Bender MedSystems, Vienna, Austria).

In contrast, higher consumption of non-HVOs was associated with lower circulating concentrations of CRP (percentage difference between top and bottom quintiles: − 23 %; P for trend: 0.05), TNF - α (− 29 %; P for trend: < 0.01), serum amyloid A (− 24 %; P for trend: < 0.01), and sICAM - 1 (− 19 %; P for trend: < 0.05).

Higher consumption of non-HVOs was associated with lower circulating concentrations of CRP (percentage difference between top and bottom quintiles: − 23 %; P for trend: 0.05), TNF - α (− 29 %; P for trend: < 0.01), and serum amyloid A (− 24 %; P for trend: < 0.01).

GF mice have been shown to have increased plasma tryptophan concentrations, 47, 48 which can be normalized following post-weaning colonization.47 Resident gut bacteria can utilize tryptophan for growth229 and in some cases, production of indole, 230, 231 or serotonin (reviewed by O'Mahony and colleagues95), while the microbiota might also affect tryptophan availability by influencing host enzymes responsible for its degradation.47 By limiting the availability of tryptophan for serotonin production in the CNS (EC - derived serotonin does not cross the BBB), the gut microbiota could influence serotonergic neurotransmission.95 In vulnerable populations, reducing the circulating concentrations of tryptophan has been shown to affect mood, and to reinstate depressive symptoms in patients who have successfully responded to selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors.232, 233 The gut microbiota could also influence the production of both neuroprotective and neurotoxic components of the kynurenine pathway.224

TCD - associated cognitive performance has been extensively evaluated in animals (4, 12 — 18), including its use to reduce circulating concentrations of brain - derived neurotrophic factor (16).

«In conclusion, greater consumption of red meat and dairy products might influence circulating concentrations of SHBG and estradiol, respectively.

Circulating concentrations of insulin - like growth factor - 1 and development of glucose intolerance.

Low dose leptin administration reverses effects of sustained weight - reduction on energy expenditure and circulating concentrations of thyroid hormones.

Kemppainen RJ, Peterson ME: Circulating concentrations of dexamethasone in healthy dogs, dogs with hyperadrenocorticism, and dogs with nonadrenal illness during dexamethasone suppression testing.

Not exact matches

The reduction of circulating cholesterol concentrations and increased beta - carotene were positively influenced from replacing soybean meal with a low - fiber alfalfa meal (8).

Elevated concentrations of circulating blood cholesterol in adult life (total and LDL cholesterol in particular) are strong and reversible risk factors for CHD in adulthood (2, 3).

«Stabilizing or reducing atmospheric carbon dioxide concentrations, therefore, requires very deep reductions in future emissions to compensate for past emissions that are still circulating in the Earth system,» the draft report says.

The investigations reveal that these children have high concentrations of circulating HIV particles, although their immune system remains fully functional.

The sensitivity for detecting the presence of genomic changes in circulating tumour DNA (ctDNA) is limited by its low concentration in plasma.

This would reduce the concentration of AS in the brain, but the circulating level might temporarily increase.

DHEA is one of the most abundant circulating hormones in the blood stream, but its concentration usually decreases with age.

Lower Concentrations of Circulating Medium and Long Chain Acylcarnitines Characterize Insulin Resistance in Persons with HIV.

To confirm whether ILP accumulation in the insulin - producing cells actually results in a decrease of ILP2 concentration in the circulating hemolymph, we collected hemolymph from wild - type, and gbp1, gbp2 ex67 heterozygous and homozygous mutant larvae at 24 h AL3E, and performed western blot analyses using an anti-ILP2 antibody.

Researchers found that ingesting placenta capsules produced detectable but small changes in hormone concentrations that show up in a mother's circulating hormone levels.

Individuals in the lowest tertile of circulating ANGPTL3 concentrations, compared with the highest, had reduced odds of MI (adjusted odds ratio: 0.65; 95 % confidence interval: 0.55 to 0.77; p < 0.001).

We used a genetic approach to distinguish the relevance of two distinct components of this pathway, apolipoprotein (a) isoform size and circulating lipoprotein (a) concentration, to coronary heart disease.

Calatinol circulates as a hormone and regulates mineral concentration in the blood (including calcium), function of the neuromuscular and immune systems and gene proliferation (this is the reason for the link between Vitamin D deficiency and cancers).

Volek et al. (2002), found that a carbohydrate - restricted diet resulted in a significant reduction in fat mass and a concomitant increase in lean body mass in normal - weight men, which may be partially mediated by the reduction in circulating insulin concentrations.

Conversely, within non-diabetic populations, periods of IER (75 - 85 % ER on restricted days) do not typically affect fasting glucose levels 37, 41, 45, 48 or HbA1c 41, 48; results of which can often be replicated by short term CER studies.62 - 65These findings are unsurprising given that frank hyperglycaemia within the T2DM diagnostic range is effectively a late - stage manifestation of IR, which along with compensatory increases insulin secretion, can precede the onset of T2DM by many years.66, 67 Findings from one large scale prospective cohort study, Whitehall II, reveal a sharp increase in the trajectory towards fasting hyperglycaemia which is only detectable three years prior to diagnosis with T2DM.67 Consequently, it can be argued that changes in circulating insulin concentrations, fasting (hepatic) insulin sensitivity and glucose uptake / clearance are more sensitive markers of deteriorating glucose control than fasting glycaemia in non - diabetics.68 - 70

These authors speculated that, as for other endocrine systems (33,34), the CNS might interpret an increase in leptin pulse amplitude as a signal calling for a decrease in appetite independently from any change in the integrated circulating leptin concentration (32).

Havel et al (32) reported that substitution of carbohydrate for dietary fat increased the diurnal circulating leptin pulse amplitude (peak minus nadir plasma leptin concentration).

This highly significant increase in glucagon would be expected to result in a stimulation of gluconeogenesis and glycogenolysis and a subsequent increase in circulating plasma glucose concentrations.

Our data directly address this hypothesis because we observed a decrease in leptin pulse amplitude between visit CRC1 and visit CRC2 (decreased peak minus nadir plasma leptin concentration and decreased AUC of the change in leptin) without a significant change in integrated circulating leptin concentration (leptin AUC).

Subsequently, we reported that 7 different protein sources were effective in stimulating an increase in circulating insulin concentrations in persons with type 2 diabetes, although they varied in potency (18).

Transgenic (Tg) mice overexpressing FGF21 are markedly smaller than wild - type mice and have a corresponding decrease in circulating IGF - 1 concentrations despite having elevated growth hormone (GH) levels....

It is hypothesized that excess levels of circulating insulin may decrease the concentration of sex hormone — binding globulin (SHBG — a beneficial hormone that helps removes excess dangerous hormones from the body), thereby increasing the amount of unbound free testosterone.

Patients with advanced AD show higher plasma but lower CSF insulin concentrations than healthy controls.40 Clearly, then, the lower concentration of insulin in the brain is not a result of reduced circulating levels in the blood.

Multivariate - adjusted geometric means of circulating inflammatory marker concentrations across quintile (Q) categories of partially hydrogenated vegetable oils (PHVOs) and non-hydrogenated vegetable oils (non-HVOs) 1

A widely circulated research study from 2014, «Change in Brainstorm Gray Matter Concentration Following a Mindfulness - Based Intervention is Correlated with Improvement in Psychological Well - Being» showed that after the 8 week mindfulness - based stress reduction intervention, there was a significant increase in grey matter of participant's hippocampus; brain area associated with introspection and compassion.

«Because the human gut is host to 100 trillion commensal organisms, which together contribute to an enteric reservoir of 1 g LPS (8), we hypothesized that most of the circulating endotoxin may derive from the gut and that a small amount of commensally derived] LPS maycotransit with dietary fat from the gut after a high - fat meal, which thereby increases plasma endotoxin concentrations postprandially»

This opens a window in the cell that allows glucose to flow into the cell through a concentration gradient where it can be metabolized for energy while lowering circulating blood sugar to stable levels (9).

«The LF group better preserved lean body mass when compared with the LC group; however, only the LC group had a significant decrease in circulating insulin concentrations.»

This transporter has a Km that exceeds the concentrations of circulating ketone bodies that occur during starvation or very low carbohydrate intake, and a Vmax well in excess of energy demands [6].