Sentences with phrase «circulation model for»

A 2 - dimensional mean circulation model for the atmosphere below 80 km.

Using an ocean circulation model for the shelf, the authors find that surface temperatures may increase by 0.5 to 2.0 °C, seasonal surface salinity may drop by up to 2 PSS in some areas, and that Haida Eddies will strengthen, as will the Vancouver Island Coastal Current and freshwater discharges into coastal waters.

Hovine, S., and T. Fichefet, 1994: A zonally averaged, three - basin ocean circulation model for climate studies.

The Working Group on Numerical Experimentation (WGNE), jointly established by the WCRP Joint Scientific Committee (WCRP - JSC) and the WMO Commission for Atmospheric Sciences (CAS), which is responsible for WWRP and GAW, has the responsibility of fostering the development of atmospheric circulation models for use in weather, climate, water and environmental prediction on all time scales and diagnosing and resolving shortcomings (WMO / TD 121).

Not exact matches

Some members, for one, have resorted to DIY projects, such as this one featured in the Tesla Motors Club, to improve air circulation in the Model S» third - row seats.

Now, to find out how the glaciers formed in the first place, scientists created models that simulated atmospheric circulation on the dwarf planet for the last 50,000 years (a mere 200 orbits around the sun for Pluto).

Greatly improved computer models began to suggest how such jumps could happen, for example through a change in the circulation of ocean currents.

This model is widely used by both UK and international groups for research into ocean circulation, climate and marine ecosystems, and operationally as part of the UK Met Office's weather forecasting.

The results provide new information about the significant dispersion patterns currently un-accounted for in ocean circulation models, according to the authors.

Data collected by ship and model simulations suggest that increased Pacific Winter Water (PWW), driven by circulation patterns and retreating sea ice in the summer season, is primarily responsible for this OA expansion, according to Di Qi, the paper's lead author and a doctoral student of Liqi Chen, the lead PI in China.

The UM Rosenstiel School researchers used historical observations of cloud cover as a proxy for wind velocity in climate models to analyze the Walker circulation, the atmospheric air flow and heat distribution in the tropic Pacific region that affects patterns of tropical rainfall.

CMIP was established as a resource for climate modelers, providing a standard protocol for studying the output of coupled atmosphere - ocean general circulation models so that these models can be compared and validated.

«Theories have been in circulation for decades, but it wasn't until the emergence of today's computer processing power that the model has become feasible,» comments Schirrmeister.

They were Jorge Sarmiento, an oceanographer at Princeton University who constructs ocean - circulation models that calculate how much atmospheric carbon dioxide eventually goes into the world's oceans; Eileen Claussen, executive director of the Pew Center for Global Climate Change in Washington, D.C.; and David Keith, a physicist with the University of Calgary in Alberta who designs technological solutions to the global warming problem.

Its number - crunching capabilities are used to study ship hydrodynamics and air turbulence, to probe industrial combustion turbines to create cleaner engines, and to understand global ocean circulation, as well as for earthquake simulations and aircraft noise - reduction modeling.

The climate models aren't really good enough in their representation of present - day circulation to give you much confidence in the specifics of their predictions [so that you could use them to do a cost - benefit analysis for example], but the risk of widespread change is still there.

And a proper discussion of climate change often does call for precise terms like external forcing and general circulation models, and other non-toddler friendly jargon.

(Top left) Global annual mean radiative influences (W m — 2) of LGM climate change agents, generally feedbacks in glacial - interglacial cycles, but also specified in most Atmosphere - Ocean General Circulation Model (AOGCM) simulations for the LGM.

To derive the climate projections for this assessment, we employed 20 general circulation models to consider two scenarios of global carbon emissions: one where atmospheric greenhouse gases are stabilized by the end of the century and the other where it grows on its current path (the stabilization [RCP4.5] and business - as - usual [RCP8.5] emission scenarios, respectively).

He promoted the use of water stable isotopomers for reconstructing past climate changes from ice cores and with associated atmospheric modelling using both dynamically simple and General Circulation Models (GCMs).

For the hydrological modelling of the Thames river catchment done at CEH we showed that the changes in atmospheric circulation and precipitation caused higher peak 30 - day river flow, while flood risk mapping revealed a small increase in flood risk for properties in the Thames catchmeFor the hydrological modelling of the Thames river catchment done at CEH we showed that the changes in atmospheric circulation and precipitation caused higher peak 30 - day river flow, while flood risk mapping revealed a small increase in flood risk for properties in the Thames catchmefor properties in the Thames catchment.

A number of recent studies linking changes in the North Atlantic ocean circulation to sea ice extent led Yeager to think that it would also be possible to make decadal predictions for Arctic winter sea ice cover using the NCAR - based Community Earth System Model...

The inner edge of the habitable zone for synchronously rotating planets around low - mass stars using general circulation models.

He has extensive experience developing weather and research modeling codes and has applied these to the study of mesoscale circulations, clouds, and aerosols for Earth and other terrestrial planetary atmospheres, including Mars, Titan, Venus, and Pluto.

Heymsfield, A.J., and L. Donner, 1990: A scheme for parameterizing ice - cloud water content in general circulation models.

Sellers, P.J., Y. Mintz, Y.C. Sud, and A. Dalcher, 1986: A simple biosphere model (SiB) for use within general circulation models.

Marchal, O., T.F. Stocker, and F. Joos, 1998: A latitude - depth, circulation - biogeochemical ocean model for paleoclimate studies.

Climate modeling groups have also been experimenting with ways to use the predictability of deeper ocean circulations (where internal variations can persist for up to a decade), but results have been mixed at best.

Knowledge of dominant scales associated with mesoscale eddies enables a better understanding of the resolution requirements for the Coupled Model Intercomparison Project, the framework used for comparison of global coupled ocean - atmosphere general circulation models.

The Met Office Hadley Centre (Hadley Centre for Climate Prediction and Research) climate change model, Hadley Centre Coupled Model, version 3 (HadCM3)[53], a coupled atmosphere - ocean general circulation model, was used for the time intervals 2020, 2050 and 2080 (note these date represent a time windows of ten years either side of the time interval date, i.e. 2020 is an average of the years 2010 — 2029, 2050 for 2040 — 2059 and 2080 for 2070 — 2089), under three emission scenarios of the IPCC Special Report on Emissions Scenarios (SRES)[54]: scenario A1B (maximum energy requirements; emissions differentiated dependent on fuel sources; balance across sources), A2A (high energy requirements; emissions less than A1 / Fl) and B2A (lower energy requirements; emissions greater thanmodel, Hadley Centre Coupled Model, version 3 (HadCM3)[53], a coupled atmosphere - ocean general circulation model, was used for the time intervals 2020, 2050 and 2080 (note these date represent a time windows of ten years either side of the time interval date, i.e. 2020 is an average of the years 2010 — 2029, 2050 for 2040 — 2059 and 2080 for 2070 — 2089), under three emission scenarios of the IPCC Special Report on Emissions Scenarios (SRES)[54]: scenario A1B (maximum energy requirements; emissions differentiated dependent on fuel sources; balance across sources), A2A (high energy requirements; emissions less than A1 / Fl) and B2A (lower energy requirements; emissions greater thanModel, version 3 (HadCM3)[53], a coupled atmosphere - ocean general circulation model, was used for the time intervals 2020, 2050 and 2080 (note these date represent a time windows of ten years either side of the time interval date, i.e. 2020 is an average of the years 2010 — 2029, 2050 for 2040 — 2059 and 2080 for 2070 — 2089), under three emission scenarios of the IPCC Special Report on Emissions Scenarios (SRES)[54]: scenario A1B (maximum energy requirements; emissions differentiated dependent on fuel sources; balance across sources), A2A (high energy requirements; emissions less than A1 / Fl) and B2A (lower energy requirements; emissions greater thanmodel, was used for the time intervals 2020, 2050 and 2080 (note these date represent a time windows of ten years either side of the time interval date, i.e. 2020 is an average of the years 2010 — 2029, 2050 for 2040 — 2059 and 2080 for 2070 — 2089), under three emission scenarios of the IPCC Special Report on Emissions Scenarios (SRES)[54]: scenario A1B (maximum energy requirements; emissions differentiated dependent on fuel sources; balance across sources), A2A (high energy requirements; emissions less than A1 / Fl) and B2A (lower energy requirements; emissions greater than B1).

We address this issue in a new study led by Dr. Ravi Kopparapu, on which I am a co-author, titled «The inner edge of the habitable zone for synchronously rotating planets around low - mass stars using general circulation models.»

Climate change projections were based on an ensemble of four General Circulation Models (UKMO HadCM3, MPIM ECHAM5, CSIRO MK3.5 and GFDL CM2.1), downscaled to 10 minutes [32], considering three emissions scenarios (B2, A1B and A2) for 1975 (mean 1961 — 1990), 2050 (mean 2041 — 2060) and 2090 (mean 2081 — 2100).

That would make the argument a lot more convincing, especially for some of my more skeptical colleges that deeply distrust results from (in their view) overly optimized and complex General Circulation Models.

The visualization covers the period June 2005 to December 2007 and is based on a synthesis of a numerical model with observational data, created by a NASA project called Estimating the Circulation and Climate of the Ocean, or ECCO for short.

This simple but powerful and versatile application has proven invaluable for solving many real - world problems from tracking delivery vehicles, to recording details of planning applications, to modeling global atmospheric circulation.

The model's current third generation debuted in 2012, and given the widespread circulation of spy shots that preceded the update announcement, there was little question as to what Hyundai had planned for Chicago.

Last week we discussed the new «cost - per - circulation» (CPC) model for public libraries — in which they can make e-books available to patrons and pay the publisher per «loan» instead of paying fixed fees to «acquire» titles as if they were print books (the «pretend it's print» or PIP model).

Libraries are benefiting from One Copy, One User model for popular and evergreen titles that amortize the cost of titles across multiple years of circulation.

«what about an e-book pricing model that lets you lend 25 copies for the first few months, retiring licenses as demand wanes, until you only have one or two copies for circulation at the end of the first year?

In the library, what about an e-book pricing model that lets you lend 25 copies for the first few months, retiring licenses as demand wanes, until you only have one or two copies for circulation at the end of the first year?

The traditional model for legacy publishers has always been that publishers charge advertisers rates depending on circulation numbers.

Under this model, a book is licensed by the library; a patron comes in and downloads that book for a set circulation period.

The model is self regulatory: ebook lending can't «hurt sales» since the publisher is free to manipulate prices for library circulation on each individual title.

This correction changes the overall salt budget for the Atlantic, also changing the stability of the model's ocean circulation in future climate change.

For example, they predicted the expansion of the Hadley cells, the poleward movement of storm tracks, the rising of the tropopause, the rising of the effective radiating altitude, the circulation of aerosols in the atmosphere, the modelling of the transmission of radiation through the atmosphere, the clear sky super greenhouse effect that results from increased water vapor in the tropics, the near constancy of relative humidity, and polar amplification, the cooling of the stratosphere while the troposphere warmed.

That would make the argument a lot more convincing, especially for some of my more skeptical colleges that deeply distrust results from (in their view) overly optimized and complex General Circulation Models.

The periods considered were mainly the Pleistocene ice age cycles, the LGM and the Pliocene, but Paul Valdes provided some interesting modeling that also included the Oligocene, the Turonian, the Maastrichtian and Eocene, indicating the importance of the base continental configuration, ice sheet position, and ocean circulation for sensitivity.

The figure gives two model estimates for the impact of this circulation (Stocker, 2002).

(Paper abstract) Climate models may underestimate heat stored in ground General circulation models (GCMs), the primary tool for estimating the magnitude of future climate change, rely on realistic inputs to generate accurate predictions.

The global climate models (GCMs) are for all intents and purposes able to simulate observed natural variations such as the North Atlantic Oscillation (NAO) and Atlantic Meridional Overturning Circulation (AMOC).