Sentences with phrase «circulation models by»

Methods: In these experiments, the research team conducted large ensembles of simulations with two state - of - the - art atmospheric general circulation models by abruptly switching the sea - surface temperature warming on from January 1st to focus on the wintertime circulation adjustment.

Here, FOR values are derived from a General Circulation Model by extracting OLR and SLE over areas in east - central Europe (at about 60 ° N) one hour after injecting appropriate CO2 concentration (adjustments to the atmospheric profile are thus excluded) to the Feb. 1 midnight simulation.

Not exact matches

Such models aid blood circulation the most without cutting it off by being too tight.

This finding was reinforced by computer models of the general circulation of the atmosphere, the fruit of a long effort to learn how to predict (and perhaps even deliberately change) the weather.

«Which of those is correct at this stage is unknown, but the droughts being driven by atmospheric greenhouse gas concentrations is in line with some of these global circulation models,» Lewis said.

This is according to emergency ocean model simulations run by scientists at the National Oceanography Centre (NOC) and The University of Southampton to assess the potential impact of local ocean circulation on the spread of pollutants.

This model is widely used by both UK and international groups for research into ocean circulation, climate and marine ecosystems, and operationally as part of the UK Met Office's weather forecasting.

The study, aimed at quantifying the small - scale circulation that can not be captured by satellite - based altimeter measurements or general circulation models, has immediate practical applications to help better predict the path of catastrophic pollutant events, such as from future oil spills or nuclear disaster events.

Meanwhile the anaesthetist can concentrate on her research interests, on the effect of CO2 on the regulation of circulation by the heart, using the isolated heart model of wildtype and transgenic rodent.

The new findings, based on detailed computer simulations using the best available global circulation models, are described this week in the journal Science Advances, in a paper by MIT professor of environmental engineering Elfatih Eltahir, MIT Research Scientist Eun Soon Im, and Professor Jeremy Pal at Loyola Marymount University in Los Angeles.

Data collected by ship and model simulations suggest that increased Pacific Winter Water (PWW), driven by circulation patterns and retreating sea ice in the summer season, is primarily responsible for this OA expansion, according to Di Qi, the paper's lead author and a doctoral student of Liqi Chen, the lead PI in China.

«As a result, some atmospheric circulations systems can not be resolved by these models, and this clearly impacts the accuracy of climate change predictions as shown in our study.»

With coordinated experiments with six atmospheric general circulation models, forced by observed daily sea - ice concentration and sea surface temperatures.

By incorporating these data into an M.I.T. model, the result is «realistic descriptions of how ocean circulation evolves over time,» according to the press release.

Salinity of the surface waters can be influenced by the amount of river water flowing into the oceans, yet no computer models of ancient ocean circulation had included this variable.

A Columbia Engineering team led by Pierre Gentine, professor of earth and environmental engineering, and Adam Sobel, professor of applied physics and applied mathematics and of earth and environmental sciences, has developed a new approach, opposite to climate models, to correct climate model inaccuracies using a high - resolution atmospheric model that more precisely resolves clouds and convection (precipitation) and parameterizes the feedback between convection and atmospheric circulation.

In the study, researchers analyzed a series of transient Coupled General Circulation Model simulations forced by changes in greenhouse gases, orbital forcing, meltwater discharge and the ice - sheet history throughout the past 21,000 years.

«Climate changes predicted by the global circulation models would cause several percent of the Mexican population to move north [if] all other factors are held constant.»

A global climate model or general circulation model aims to describe climate behavior by integrating a variety of fluid - dynamical, chemical, or even biological equations that are either derived directly from physical laws (e.g.

«This study confirmed that ocean circulation physics and K. brevis biology are equally important and that both immediate and short term prediction may be achieved using a combination of circulation models supported by in situ observations of physical, biological and chemical variables and satellite imagery,» concluded the researchers.

I'd love to know what they did take into account in attempting to model that period — must include astronomical location, sun's behavior, best estimates about a lot of different conditions — where the continents were, what the ocean circulation was doing, whether there had been a recent geological period that laid down a lot of methane hydrates available to be tipped by Pliocene warming into bubbling out rapidly.

Model predictions from the North Atlantic have revealed that over 17 % of the seafloor area below 500 m depth will experience pH reductions exceeding 0.2 units by 2100 because of subduction of high - CO2 waters by thermohaline circulation (Gehlen et al., 2014).

S1), although by that time model drift had altered the slow deepocean circulation.

To derive the climate projections for this assessment, we employed 20 general circulation models to consider two scenarios of global carbon emissions: one where atmospheric greenhouse gases are stabilized by the end of the century and the other where it grows on its current path (the stabilization [RCP4.5] and business - as - usual [RCP8.5] emission scenarios, respectively).

i would much rather discuss and learn about cloud models, ocean circulation, ice sheet stability than repeatedly counter ignorant arguments by innumerate dunces.

Cess, R.D., et al., 1989: Interpretation of cloud - climate feedback as produced by 14 atmospheric general circulation models.

This year we received 14 June SIO submissions from dynamical models, of which 3 were from ice - ocean models forced by atmospheric reanalysis or other atmospheric model output and 12 were from fully - coupled general circulation models.

We address this issue in a new study led by Dr. Ravi Kopparapu, on which I am a co-author, titled «The inner edge of the habitable zone for synchronously rotating planets around low - mass stars using general circulation models.»

First, the hypothesis of manmade global warming is only supported by general circulation models, which are known to be imperfect representations of the Earth's climate systems.

The visualization covers the period June 2005 to December 2007 and is based on a synthesis of a numerical model with observational data, created by a NASA project called Estimating the Circulation and Climate of the Ocean, or ECCO for short.

Under this model, a book is licensed by the library; a patron comes in and downloads that book for a set circulation period.

Using rat models, Hiebert discovered that oral heparin rapidly enters the body's circulation with much of the drug being taken up by the endothelium (layer of flattened cells that line blood vessels and some internal body cavities).

Secondly, if the potential cloud response is related to changes in circulation caused by the TSI or an ozone related change, then it isn't an extra forcing at all — it is part of the feedback, and should already be incorporated in models.

May be circulation has indeed changed and that World wide warming is masking the cooling signal as expected by models.

Future development of the ozone layer calculated by a general circulation model with fully interactive chemistry.

Another point is the fact that general circulation models have our understanding of relevant processes encoded into lines of computer code, whereas empirical - statistical models capture all relevant processes simply by the fact that these are emedded in the data itself.

The lag between decreases in sea ice extent during late summer and changes in the mid-latitude atmospheric circulation during other seasons (like autumn and winter, when the recent loss of sea ice is much smaller) have been demonstrated empirically, but have not been captured by existing dynamical models.

Observed arctic sea ice reductions can be simulated fairly well in models driven by historical circulation and temperature changes.

This is followed by the authors» conclusion that while simple models (which consider only carbon chemistry) predict that the ocean will take up 70 - 80 % of the carbon dioxide we emit, the long - equilibrium will quite possibly be considerably higher than those models would suggest — given the changes to ocean circulation.

This would have an effect on both atmospheric and ocean circulation and heat balance that would have to be modeled by detailed ocean / atmospheric climate modeling.

In response, Armstrong et al. (Interfaces, 38 (5): 382 - 405, 2008) questioned the General Circulation Models (GCMs) upon which U.S.G.S. analyses relied; challenged the independence of U.S.G.S. from the policy process; and criticized the methods used by the U.S.G.S. to project the future status of polar bears.

I can see why you would want to take into account thermal - induced circulation, but couldn't this be easily done by modeling a one - meter strip (at the tropics) extending to the poles?

We employed two different climate model simulations: (1) the simulation of the NCAR CSM 1.4 coupled atmosphere - ocean General Circulation Model (GCM) analyzed by Ammann et al (2007) and (2) simulations of a simple Energy Balance Model (model simulations: (1) the simulation of the NCAR CSM 1.4 coupled atmosphere - ocean General Circulation Model (GCM) analyzed by Ammann et al (2007) and (2) simulations of a simple Energy Balance Model (Model (GCM) analyzed by Ammann et al (2007) and (2) simulations of a simple Energy Balance Model (Model (EBM).

Vecchi et al. compared the observed trend in the Walker circulation between 1861 and 1992 to that yielded by simulations from the GFDL CM2 general circulation model, run with and without anthropogenic forcing.

The weakening of the Walker circulation arises in these models from processes that are fundamentally different from those of El Nià ± o — and is present in both mixed - layer and full - ocean coupled models, so is not dependent on the models» ability to represent Kelvin waves (by the way, most of the IPCC - AR4 models have sufficient oceanic resolution to represent Kelvin waves and the physics behind them is quite simple — so of all the model deficiencies to focus on this one seems a little odd).

While these are consistent with theoretical ideas and climate models that suggest slow downs, or even collapses, in the thermohaline circulation, they by no means demonstrate that either of these has happened.

The issue with the Mauritsen and Stevens piece is that it tries to go well beyond a «what if» modeling experiment, and attempts to make contact with a lot of other issues related to historical climate change (the hiatus, changes in the hydrologic cycle, observed tropical lapse rate «hotspot» stuff, changes in the atmsopheric circulation, etc) by means of what the «iris» should look like in other climate signals.

It is uncertain, but models do suggest that the overturning circulation of the Atlantic may be affected by future warming, and this would have the unfortunate and unwanted effect of switching West Africa into a drought mode.

In the rekognition of the uncertainties, the IPCC Good - Practice - Guidance - Paper on using climate model results offers some wise advice (first bullet point under section 3.5 on p. 10): the local climate change scenarios should be based on (i) historical change, (ii) process change (e.g. changes in the driving circulation), (iii) global climate change projected by GCMs, and (iv) downscaled projected change.

The analysis also follows the advice in the IPCC Good - Practice - Guidance - Paper on using climate model results: the local climate change scenarios should be based on (i) historical change, (ii) process change (e.g. changes in the driving circulation), (iii) global climate change projected by GCMs, and (iv) downscaled projected change.