For one thing Japanese
civil religion seems to be subject to conscious manipulation at least as early as the sixth or seventh centuries.
Not exact matches
Funny thing is that many things Christians do (deny
civil rights to women, ga • ys and minorities, preach intolerance towards other
religions, etc) would
seem like something Satan would be in favor of... go figure, a bit ironic.
Name calling and denial of
civil rights, oppression, and manipulation of people
seems to be the hallmark of a certain strain of
religion.
As Bellah noted in his initial essay on the subject,
civil religion in America
seems to function best when it apprehends «transcendent religious reality... as revealed through the experience of the American people»; yet the growing interdependence of America with the world order appears to «necessitate the incorporation of vital international symbolism into our
civil religion» (Beyond Belief [Harper & Row, 1970], pp. 179, 186).
I mentioned one of these when I cited several characteristics of Mexico that would
seem to have facilitated a
civil religion: the strong nationalism, the powerful role of
religion in its history, the recognition of a «Mexican» people that has emerged out of a diverse ethnic situation, and the deliberate campaign to erect a
civil religion.
That there is a
civil religion in America
seems generally accepted.
Rousseau
seems to suggest the most fully developed
civil religion relies exclusively on neither the church nor the state but to a significant degree at least counts on independent vehicles for its support.
Undaunted, the supposed guardians of
civil liberties — except the free exercise of
religion, it
seems — recently brought a case against a Catholic hospital for refusing to permit doctors to perform an elective hysterectomy as part of a sex - reassignment surgery.
Disney's ethical dramas
seem to serve the «
civil religion» of America, which combines the strains of the Puritan theocrats and the republican Founding Fathers.
It
seems likely, then, that American journalism has also provided its spokesmen for the
civil religion.
If Machiavelli
seems a decent guide to Christian politics, it is only because Americans are uniquely tempted by the liberal
civil religion he touted — a backward, Hobbesian monster of a thing, wherein civic virtue shapes Christian practice instead of vice versa, trading eternal things for temporal ones.
In this regard the contrast between Japan and the United States may be especially instructive since in Japan in the recent past and to a certain extent even today there
seems to have survived a
civil religion of archaic type (involving a fusion of divinity, society, and the individual), whereas the United States has a
civil religion of distinctly modern type (with a high degree of differentiation between divinity, society, and the individual).4
Fairly distinct types of solution to the religio - political problem (Or fairly distinct types of
civil religion)
seem to correlate with the phases of religious evolution as I have described them.3 In primitive society neither politics nor
religion is very well differentiated, so there is not much point in talking about the relationship between them.
It does
seem, however, from Chapters 3 and 4, that we take the differentiated
civil religion as at least a hypothetical norm for modern society and seek to explain the conditions that may block its emergence in the case of such societies as Mexico and Italy.
It has
seemed useful, following Wolfe, to consider
civil religions as varying with the stage of religious evolution.
Seems like if you wanted people to convert to your perspective (on
civil matters or
religion), you'd try to make your behavior a little more attractive.
It is this which the contented churchmanship of the eighteenth century
seemed to fail to realize — one thinks of such amusing illustrations as Adam Smith's discussion of the ministry in England and Scotland on the basis of its economic status 3 or the even more startling defense of diversity of orders in the Church by Archdeacon Paley on the ground that it «may be considered as the stationing of ministers of
religion in the various ranks of
civil life.»
The proposed law does not
seem to be a violation of the
Civil Rights Act, due to an act of Congress passed in 1993 to «prevent laws that substantially burden a person's free exercise of their
religion» called the Religious Freedom Restoration Act.