Sentences with phrase «clades date»
Their analysis suggested that all 11 clades date back to at least the Precambrian era.
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In combination with an age of 315 ± 34 thousand years (as determined by thermoluminescence dating) 3, this evidence makes Jebel Irhoud the oldest and richest African Middle Stone Age hominin site that documents early stages of the H. sapiens clade in which key features of modern morphology were established.
Meredith et al.'s [22] younger dates for these clades may reflect the difficulties of timetree analyses for clades such as Mammalia that include taxa with a wide range of life history characters (e.g., baleen whales versus muroid rodents) and a correspondingly wide range of molecular evolutionary rates.
However, our timetree dates for Platyrrhini leave open the possibility that these fossil taxa are members of the crown clade.
Intriguingly, this clade also comprised epidemiologically unrelated isolate sequences from the UK and Denmark dating back as early as 2011.
Dating of four Thai K. pneumoniae clades indicated that they emerged between 50 and 150 years ago.
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Our divergence date estimates for the island fox clade itself, ~ 9200 years ago, as Santarosae separated into four distinct islands and for the southern island fox lineage, ~ 7100 years ago, correspond well with the earliest AMS dated island fox bones (~ 7100 cal BP for northern and ~ 5640 cal BP for the southern islands).
However, the fact that we detected only 13 — 14 base pair substitutions between the closest mainland gray fox lineage and the northern / southern island fox ancestor suggests that the date of divergence for the island fox clade could be more recent than 9200 years ago.
To draw together our current understanding of wood function, we identify and collate data on the major wood functional traits, including the largest wood density database to date (8412 taxa), mechanical strength measures and anatomical features, as well as clade - specific features such as secondary chemistry.
Even more surprising, the age of the modern polar bear crown group (the clade containing the last common ancestor of all extant members) is estimated to be less than 45 ky, slightly older than the age of the ABC bears (Fig. 3A), a date that is also found with the expanded dataset of control - region sequence fragments (Fig.