In Term 1, Contexts for Educational Equity and Access introduced students to the kinds of
classroom student variation and needs they will have in their classroom and the different pedagogical and instructional choices that are available to meet those needs.
Not exact matches
It's the enormous
variation in the academic level of
students coming into any given
classroom.
Though it is difficult to isolate the effects of redshirting from those of other characteristics, such as family background, two recent studies that take advantage of either
variation in state birthday cut - off dates or the random assignment of
students to kindergarten
classrooms have enabled researchers to measure the impact of being among the oldest
students in a class.
In the physical
classroom, we're always looking for ways for
students to discuss their learning: we arrange desks for group work, organize Think - Pair - Share
variations, and shuffle chairs to prepare for literature circles.
In striking the necessary balance, there is no avoiding a level of aggregation above the school and
classroom level, because the impact of most education interventions is small relative to the
variation in
student achievement at any point in time.
Meanwhile, in the United Kingdom, a recent study of the design principles of 153 primary
classrooms concluded that «differences in the physical characteristics of
classrooms explain 16 percent of the
variation in learning progress over a year,» and that «ownership and flexibility» — the ability to adapt the surroundings to individual
student preferences — accounted for a quarter of that difference.
Researchers have noted only half as much
variation in
student achievement between schools as across
classrooms within the same school, underscoring the impact of teachers on
student learning.
In those schools that are most successful in moving all
students to deeper learning, PBL - T units in one of its three intense
variations — inquiry, problem or invented product — enriched by technology, molded by data and strengthened by high - yield instructional strategies — will dominate as the primary means of teaching and learning in all
classrooms and subjects.
Averaging the scores over a whole
classroom of
students over several years may even out the individual
variation and give you some indicator of teacher performance, but it should never be the only parameter of an evaluation.
The Times» analysis usefully illuminates the wide
variation in the test scores of
students across
classrooms and schools.
ICT is acknowledged within the national Australian Curriculum as an across - curriculum general capability but, as seen here, subject / disciplinary
variations and disparities exist between teachers» and
students views» of how ICT is implemented in
classrooms.
For nearly any
classroom intervention,
student test scores in that subject generally appear to be less responsive overall, possibly because of
variations in home factors, such as access to books.
After conducting in - depth analyses looking at
variation across
classrooms and colleges, the team discovered that one area to focus on was maintaining
students» mindsets and skills throughout the term.
The absence of such data for large numbers of
students limits our ability to understand
variation across
classrooms in
student learning, to design programs of professional development to help teachers make their
classrooms function more effectively, and to enable principals and other instructional leaders to provide better information to teachers on their performance and ways to improve it.
Quite often, the two measures do not agree with one another, and the
variations in the value - added metric are more related to changes in
classroom composition — which
students are assigned — than they are to any specific changes in teaching practice.
We know that there is wide
variation in
classrooms, with
students reading below, at, or beyond grade level.
Classrooms and schools are rarely organized to respond well to
variations in
student readiness, interest, or learning profile (Archambault et al., 1993; Bateman, 1993; International Institute for Advocacy for School Children, 1993; McIntosh, Vaughn, Schumm, Haager, & Lee, 1993; Tomlinson, 1995; Tomlinson, Moon, & Callahan, 1998; Westberg, Archambault, Dobyns, & a and b; Salvin, 1993).
Underlying structure and systematic
variation in
student - ratings of the
classroom environment.
Although there is some
variation in how diverse stakeholders define the skills that are essential for new teachers, there is general consensus that educators should have excellent organizational skills; be able to plan comprehensive and thorough lessons; know how to positively manage
classroom behavior; be capable of using diverse instructional strategies; and know how to check accurately for understanding and assess
student learning on a daily basis.17 Teachers should have the opportunity to practice these basic skills before they are held solely responsible for
student learning.
To put the magnitude of this leadership effect in perspective, quantitative school effectiveness studies (Hill, 1998) indicate that
classroom factors explain only a slightly larger proportion of the
variation in
student achievement - about a third.
Observations lasted for 50 minutes on 2 different days in the fall and spring each year using the interactive teaching map to document the use of the targeted teaching strategies in all conditions.37 Greater use of the experimental instructional and management methods was observed in intervention
classrooms, as discussed elsewhere.38 Teachers» use of the experimental instructional and management methods has been found to predict short - term
variation across
classrooms in
students» levels of social development constructs related to school bonding.38
Intra-class correlation coefficients (ICCs: variance between classes divided by [variance between classes + variance within classes + residual]-RRB- at pretest (range: 0.11 - 0.29) indicated that a considerable amount of variance was due to
variation between
classrooms (i.e.,
students in the same
classroom were more similar to each other than to
students from other
classrooms).