Note both climate forcing and
climate feedbacks have vertical and horizontal structures.
You can see the video to get a full explanation, but in short, models that include high net positive
climate feedbacks have to produce historical warming numbers that far exceed measured results.
«But
Climate Feedback has been a really positive experience.»
Even in the unlikely event that we were to stop all emissions in the near future, this permafrost
climate feedback would likely continue as a self - sustaining process, cancelling out any future natural draw - down in atmospheric carbon dioxide levels by the oceans or vegetation.
Climate Feedback has recently become part of the Guardian Environment Network, a website from the Guardian that brings together the world's best websites focusing on green topics.
Not exact matches
With two weeks left before its self - appointed deadline, a task force looking at ways to improve the state's business
climate has created an email account to solicit
feedback.
ALBANY — With two weeks left before its self - appointed deadline, a task force looking at ways to improve the state's business
climate has created an email account to solicit
feedback.
Sterling Burnett of the Heartland Institute told E&E News yesterday that he
had received positive
feedback for his think tank's suggestion that the administration should pull out of the underlying U.N. Framework Convention on
Climate Change altogether.
In the current context of global warming it is important to assess the impacts that changes in ocean and
climate may
have on Antarctica, and reconstructing past
climate fluctuations provides vital information on the responses and possible
feedback mechanisms within the
climate system.
Earlier studies on the sensitivity of tropical cyclones to past
climates have only analyzed the effect of changes in the solar radiation from orbital forcing on the formation of tropical cyclones, without considering the
feedbacks associated to the consequent greening of the Sahara.
A University of Alaska Fairbanks - led research project
has provided the first modern evidence of a landscape - level permafrost carbon
feedback, in which thawing permafrost releases ancient carbon as
climate - warming greenhouse gases.
Prior to this study, «the understanding of permafrost
feedbacks to
climate change
had been limited by a lack of data examining warming effects on both vegetation and permafrost carbon simultaneously,» said Dr. Natali.
So the fact that we
have this very strong drying in the tropics during glaciation
would argue for a strong
feedback of water vapor concentration to the global
climate during glacial - interglacial cycles.»
Previous studies
have usually only included fast
climate feedbacks (snow cover, clouds, etc.).
A seemingly humdrum little molecule
has found itself responsible for not just one but two positive
feedback loops, one moderating
climate and the other gathering animals across the food web.
The new model is the first to document and quantify this new
feedback — one that is not accounted for in
climate models, says Jason Box, an ice scientist at the Geological Survey of Denmark and Greenland in Copenhagen, who
has documented rising impurities at a local scale during field campaigns.
«Our results show that Earth
has had a moderate temperature through virtually all of its history, and that is attributable to weathering
feedbacks — they do a good job at maintaining a habitable
climate,» said first author Joshua Krissansen - Totton, a UW doctoral student in Earth and space sciences.
A Columbia Engineering team led by Pierre Gentine, professor of earth and environmental engineering, and Adam Sobel, professor of applied physics and applied mathematics and of earth and environmental sciences,
has developed a new approach, opposite to
climate models, to correct
climate model inaccuracies using a high - resolution atmospheric model that more precisely resolves clouds and convection (precipitation) and parameterizes the
feedback between convection and atmospheric circulation.
So other planets that are in the habitable zone are likely to
have their
climates stabilized to moderate values by these weathering
feedbacks.
Her work with
Climate Feedback didn't come up during her interview, but she thinks it may
have helped in minor ways.
They boil down to
climate (warm and friendly behavior), input (the tendency for teachers to devote more energy to their special students), output (the way teachers call on those students more often for answers) and
feedback (giving generally more helpful responses to the students for whom teachers
have the highest hopes).
Using satellite data, the scientists then assessed how this new tree and plant cover
would drive three
climate feedbacks: water vapor in the air, carbon absorption by plants and the reflectivity of the Earth's surface.
The application
has generally received positive
feedback from negotiators, but Sawin acknowledges the sobering reality that some delegates are less interested in detailed
climate projections than in the next election in their home country.
Simulations using a
climate model showed that several large, closely spaced eruptions could
have cooled the Northern Hemisphere enough to spark sea - ice growth and the subsequent
feedback loop.
«We also
have provided an understandable
climate feedback system that explains how this cold period could be sustained for a long period of time.»
First that CO2 is the main
climate driver, second that in calculating
climate sensitivity the GHE due to water vapour should be added to that of CO2 as a feed back effect and third that the GHE of water vapour is always positive.As to the last point the
feedbacks can not be positive otherwise we wouldn't be here to talk about it.
(1) How does he reconcile his belief about the
climate being so stable... i.e.,
having strong negative
feedbacks... with the ice age — interglacial oscillations?
Has this positive
feedback been taken into account in
climate model reruns of
climate in the distant past?
General circulation models
have generally excluded the
feedback between
climate and the biosphere, using static vegetation distributions and CO2 concentrations from simple carbon - cycle models that do not include
climate change6.
The
climate sensitivity classically defined is the response of global mean temperature to a forcing once all the «fast
feedbacks»
have occurred (atmospheric temperatures, clouds, water vapour, winds, snow, sea ice etc.), but before any of the «slow»
feedbacks have kicked in (ice sheets, vegetation, carbon cycle etc.).
That the
climate models (which he labels as UN) must
have double counted the
feedbacks.
One issue that I
have wondered about for some time is to what extent the paleoclimate record supports the distinction between slow -
feedback and fast -
feedback climate sensitivity.
I'm not even an amateur
climate scientist, but my logic tells me that if clouds
have a stronger negative
feedback in the Arctic, and I know (from news) the Arctic is warming faster than other areas, then it seems «forcing GHGs» (CO2, etc) may
have a strong sensitivity than suggested, but this is suppressed by the cloud effect.
Thus in summary, a change in sensitivity of one of the primary actors in
climate variation
has only effect for the general sensitivity of
climate, if all the
feedbacks are essentially similar for all primary actors involved, which is highly probably not the case...
Uncertainties, probabilities and risks to the marine environment
have to be assessed as well as their
feedback to
climate system.
That's the same value for
climate sensitivity I
've seen from the string theory physics site and from knowledgeable
climate sites as well — it's the number people get this way: calculated in the absence of any
feedback, on the hypothetical twinning of each molecule of CO2 in the atmosphere to make two where there were one, instantly, and
having nothing else happen.
In the other direction, at higher temperatures there is expected to be carbon - cycle
feedbacks, that will amplify the warming, so then the
climate sensitivty
would be higher.
A sensitivity which is too low will be inconsistent with past
climate changes - basically if there is some large negative
feedback which makes the sensitivity too low, it
would have prevented the planet from transitioning from ice ages to interglacial periods, for example.
If there were a bad design flaw in a thermostat, such that temperatures over 100 F turned the furnace on, that room's
climate would have a tipping point ~ 100 F and the room
would get hard to cool whenever temperatures rose over that («positive
feedback,» at least for awhile.)
Note that the observational approach needs to assume a constant
climate sensitivity between different states, whereas perturbed physics ensembles don't (though you still need to understand what
feedback processes are important between different
climate states to
have confidence in the results).
Beckage tells us that the uncertainty from human
feedback comes close to the uncertainty scientists still
have in the physical systems (things like permafrost melt,
climate sensitivity, and all that).
A few other things — Mann et al. does not «get rid» of a MWP and LIA — «weaker TSI forcing
would imply the presence of a stronger climatic
feedback to TSI variation and / or a stronger
climate sensitivity to other solar changes» — What about non-solar changes?
To explore the potential importance of carbon cycle
feedbacks in the
climate system, explicit treatment of the carbon cycle
has been introduced in a few
climate AOGCMs and some Earth System Models of Intermediate Complexity (EMICs).
In addition, several approaches
have been based on a uniform prior distribution of
climate feedback.
It is even incompatible with the low
climate sensitivities you
would get in a so - called «no -
feedback» response (i.e just the Planck
feedback — apologies for the terminological confusion).
``... without the CO2
feedback the
climate change
would be much more confined to the Northern Hemisphere extratropics, where the great ice sheets wax and wane.
[Response: Computed cloud
feedbacks would mainly
have the potential to affect the results by changing the asymmetry between the
climate sensitivity going into the LGM vs. going into a 2xCO2 world.
However, without the CO2
feedback the
climate change
would be much more confined to the Northern Hemisphere extratropics, where the great ice sheets wax and wane.
The team also
have a separate project, called
Climate feedbacks from wetlands and permafrost thaw in a warming world (CLIFFTOP), which aims to quantity the amount of methane likely to be released from thawing permafrost methane emissions under 1.5 C and 2C scenarios.
These myriad unmodeled amplifying
feedbacks support the analysis that the
climate is much more sensitive to changes in greenhouse gas emissions and other «forcings» than the IPCC models
have been saying.