In the extratropics these are caused by a general increase in cloud fraction in a broad range of heights, and a strong increase of
cloud liquid water path in the lower troposphere.
«Retrieving the Polar Mixed - Phase
Cloud Liquid Water Path by Combining CALIOP and IIR Measurements.»
O'Dell, C. W., Wentz, F. J. & Bennartz, R.
Cloud liquid water path from satellite - based passive microwave observations: a new climatology over the global oceans.
Not exact matches
Del Genio, A.D., and A.B. Wolf, 2000: The temperature dependence of the
liquid water path of low
clouds in the southern great plains.
While there are some similarities between the approaches, an important difference is that the slab - ocean approach allows surface and MBL temperatures to adjust to the energetic perturbation: positive energetic forcing of the surface leads to warming, weakens the inversion, and reduces low -
cloud cover and
liquid water path (LWP).
Czekala, H., S. Crewell, C. Simmer, and A. Thiele, 2001: Discrimination of
cloud and rain
liquid water path by groundbased polarized microwave radiometry.
Han, Q., W.B. Rossow, J. Zeng, and R. Welch, 2002: Three different behaviors of
liquid water path of
water clouds in aerosol -
cloud interactions.
J.R.N. designed the study, provided ERBS, CERES, and ISCCP data, did the main analysis, and wrote the paper; R.J.A. provided standard model
cloud output for CMIP5 simulations and analysed CMIP5 meteorological output; A.T.E. provided corrected PATMOS - x data; M.D.Z. provided CMIP5 COSP
cloud output; C.W.O. provided MAC - LWP
liquid water path data; and S.A.K. provided background information and ideas.
Svensmark et al. (2009) found large global reductions in the aerosol Ångström exponent from AERONET,
liquid water path from SSM / I, and
cloud cover from MODIS and ISCCP after large Forbush decreases, but these results were not corroborated by other studies who found no statistically significant links between GCR and
clouds at the global scale (Calogovic et al., 2010; Kristjánsson et al., 2008; Laken and Calogovic, 2011).
Han, Q., W.B. Rossow, J. Chou, and R.M. Welch, 1998: Global survey of the relationships of
cloud albedo and
liquid water path with droplet size using ISCCP.