Sentences with phrase «cloud of soot»

A thick cloud of soot covers most of India, produced in part by millions of small cooking stoves, which typically burn wood.

Dark clouds of soot and gases spewed by tractors, bulldozers and backhoes are becoming a thing of the past under new federal standards that have forced cleaner diesel engines this year

Not exact matches

Probing mysteries of soot and clouds A study released in May by the Arctic Council suggests that, while countries below 40 degrees north latitude collectively contribute the lion's share of the world's black carbon output, Nordic countries» soot is the most damaging, because it has the shortest distance to travel to the Arctic.

Even as the importance of biological ice nucleation was being recognized by agricultural scientists, it still wasn't embraced by atmospheric scientists, who stuck by the traditional view that soot, or sea salt, or some as - yet - unidentified mineral in dust was seeding ice in clouds.

In particular, human - induced aerosols like soot and combustion particulates actually work the opposite, reducing the amount of precipitation clouds can form.

Instead, the team proposes, soot and other particles in the ships» exhaust create large numbers of cloud droplets that are, on average, smaller than those forming around natural dust particles in the air elsewhere over the ocean.

There is also the challenge of sorting out whether soot promotes the formation of clouds and, if so, where?

Worldwide deforestation, mining, overgrazing, and the diversion of water have combined to create huge dust clouds that carry bacteria, viruses, soot, acids, radioactive isotopes, and pesticides from Asia and Africa to the United States

Unfortunately, the exact mechanisms of interactions between clouds and tiny aerosol particles from pollution, dust, and soot remained largely a mystery.

Tiny particles of soot deform after giving birth to cloud ice and droplets, challenging climate models

One of those complex interactions is aerosols, the microscopic particles of dust, soot, and chemicals dispersed in the atmosphere that scatter or absorb sunlight and act as seeds for cloud formation.

But you've had to squint, because the windows of the long - abandoned greenhouse have been clouded with dust and soot.

An atmosphere clouded by super storms of sand from the large increase in desertification, the extra soot in the air from the burning forests, and the crop losses from soil degradation.

According to the Chinese Centre for Disease Control and Prevention, the burning of coal is responsible for 70 percent of the emissions of soot that clouds out the sun in so much of China; 85 percent of sulfur dioxide, which causes acid rain and smog; and 67 percent of nitrogen oxide, a precursor to harmful ground level ozone.

These forcings are spatially heterogeneous and include the effect of aerosols on clouds and associated precipitation [e.g., Rosenfeld et al., 2008], the influence of aerosol deposition (e.g., black carbon (soot)[Flanner et al. 2007] and reactive nitrogen [Galloway et al., 2004]-RRB-, and the role of changes in land use / land cover [e.g., Takata et al., 2009].

Scientists have suspected that pollution from airborne dust and soot play a role in cloud development, but a recent pairing of observed weather data along with computer modeling confirms it.

The wild exaggerations of both the direct CO2 warming and the supposedly more serious knock - on warming are rooted in an untruth: the falsehood that scientists know enough about how clouds form, how thunderstorms work, how air and ocean currents flow, how ice sheets behave, how soot in the air behaves.

Without rain clouds to wash the sky clean, particles of soot won't get flushed out of the stratosphere, instead likely hanging around to heat up the planet for a while.

It changes because of greenhouse gases, cloud and ice cover changes, land clearing, volcanoes, dust and soot in the atmosphere — all of the physical changes that result in a change in the radiative flux leaving the planet either as IR (heat) emissions or as reflected sunlight.

This polar amplification is thought to be due largely to changes in sea ice, with some contributions from changes in snow cover, atmospheric and ocean circulation, cloud cover and the presence of soot.

We always thought that — apart of course from soot [15 % of climate warming]-- such aerosol pollution creates cooling — as in the case of Chinese sulfur pollution and the Asian (Indian) brown cloud — and that air quality measures over recent decades in North America and Europe are now actually a major cause of increased warming speeds there — as the actual temperature catches up on the «CO2 baseline».

Kaitlin Keegan, of Dartmouth College in the US, and colleagues report in the Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences that the dramatic surface melting of the island's ice sheet in 2012 can be explained by a combination of unprecedented temperatures linked to climate change and clouds of ash and soot from forest fires.

Only one GCM study to date has considered the in - cloud absorption of soot.

Heintzenberg and Wendisch (1996) showed that the decrease in radiative forcing due to a decrease in soot concentrations with increasing distances from the pollution sources could be compensated by a concurrent increase in the fraction of soot which is incorporated in the cloud droplets.

Chuang et al. (2000b) estimated a radiative forcing for in - cloud BC of +0.07 Wm - 2 for the soot concentrations predicted by their model and using an effective medium approximation.

The model included a more comprehensive set of natural and human - made climate forcings than previous studies, including changes in solar radiation, volcanic particles, human - made greenhouse gases, fine particles such as soot, the effect of the particles on clouds and land use.

To tighten that range, they still need to better understand the many ways that soot alters clouds, and also get a better fix on the amount of soot each source produces.

Twohy et al. (1989) concluded from measurements off the coast of California and from simple radiative calculations that the observed levels of soot would not lead to a significant impact on the cloud albedo.

The mention of soot conjures images of black clouds pouring out of unfiltered cars, or of cities lost in dark fog.

Another unsettling development is the effect of atmospheric brown clouds (ABCs) consisting of soot particles from burning coal, diesel fuel, or wood.

Jacobson, M. Z. Effects of absorption by soot inclusions within clouds and precipitation on global climate.

The direct RF of sulphate and of soot aerosols was likewise quantified along with that of contrails, but the impact on cirrus clouds that are sometimes generated downwind of contrails was not.

Poking around with Scholar, I found mention of «hydrophobic soot particles from residential coal and industrial oil burning» and also mention of radar being used that distinguishes aerosols from water vapor and clouds.

Mixed with pollution, dust and black carbon (soot) from India and elsewhere, this spreads a brown cloud across swaths of the Eurasian landmass.

Anyway, keep up the revelations, we can now add Greenpeace inspired polemic to WWF reports, misquoting of effects, glaciers melting not, sea rising fast not, warming, if any, not happening at present, bad data, bad models, poor physics and ignoring of main natural factors (Sun, orbital variations, cosmic rays via cloud cover, ocean heating and cooling cycles, volcanoes, soots, aerosols, etc)