Sentences with phrase «cloud radiative»

The large spread in cloud radiative feedbacks leads to the conclusion that differences in cloud response are the primary source of inter-model differences in climate sensitivity.

We use the nine climate variables such as surface air temperature, precipitation, sea level pressure, shortwave (SW) and longwave (LW) net flux, cloud radiative forcing, and clear - sky flux

Colors for identifying ensemble members are the same as those of Fig. 5, and each panel shows 1 SAT, 2 rain, 3 SLP, 4 SW net radiation 5 SW cloud radiative forcing, 6 SW clear - sky radiation, 7 LW net radiation, 8 LW cloud radiative forcing, and 9 LW clear - sky radiation at the TOA

We use the 9 climate variables of surface air temperature (SAT), sea level pressure (SLP), precipitation (rain), the top of atmosphere (TOA) shortwave (SW) and longwave (LW) full - sky radiation, clear - sky radiation (CLR, radiative flux where clouds do not exists), and cloud radiative forcing (CRF, radiative effect by clouds diagnosed from the difference between full - sky and clear - sky radiation, Cess et al. 1990).

Same as Fig 1 but for the rank histogram of the climate variables such as surface air temperature (SAT, red solid), SAT trend (red dotted), precipitation (blue), sea level pressure (green), SW net, cloud radiative forcing, clear - sky radiation (orange solid, dotted, and dashed), and LW net, cloud radiative forcing, and clear - sky radiation (cyan solid, dotted, dashed) at the TOA.

As I read for example Bony et al. 2006, Soden and Held 2006, there are in the IPCC dogma four «feedbacks»: increased atmospheric optical thickness due to increased water vapour column amount due to sustained relative humidity; cloud radiative effects; albedo effects; lapse rate effects.

The greatest uncertainty in radiative forcing is associated with aerosols, particularly the aerosol indirect effect whereby aerosols influence cloud radiative properties.

Our analysis reveals that in the CMIP3 MMEs and SMEs which have sufficient spread in climate sensitivity, or a spread which is consistent with studies published in the literature (about 2 — 5 K), both SW and LW cloud radiative forcing are reliable.

Our analysis reveals that in the CMIP3 MMEs (both ensembles by AOGCM and ASGCM), all the climate variables we investigated (SAT, PRCP, SLP, TOA SW and LW radiation, cloud radiative forcing, clear - sky radiation) are reliable, with one marginally significant exception found out of the large number of statistical tests (SAT for the ASGCM).

Fig. 3: Short - wave cloud radiative effect.

The third figure shows the model - simulated change in solar cloud radiative effect with climate warming, with positive changes implying that clouds have an amplifying effect.

On the other hand, in the SMEs with relatively high climate sensitivity (about 4 — 10 K), or the SMEs with relatively low climate sensitivity (about 2 — 3 K) compared to the studies in the literature, SW and LW radiation and cloud radiative forcing are not reliable.

For example, in addition to showing the future climate solar warming zone, Fig. 3 shows a zone of strong solar cloud radiative cooling, located between 50 ° and 80 ° S.

Five - year average of the cloud radiative forcing [1] is shown in Fig. 2.

Several studies suggest that the sign of cloud feedbacks may not be necessarily that of CRF [Cloud Radiative Forcing] changes....

Based on the understanding of both the physical processes that control key climate feedbacks (see Section 8.6.3), and also the origin of inter-model differences in the simulation of feedbacks (see Section 8.6.2), the following climate characteristics appear to be particularly important: (i) for the water vapour and lapse rate feedbacks, the response of upper - tropospheric RH and lapse rate to interannual or decadal changes in climate; (ii) for cloud feedbacks, the response of boundary - layer clouds and anvil clouds to a change in surface or atmospheric conditions and the change in cloud radiative properties associated with a change in extratropical synoptic weather systems; (iii) for snow albedo feedbacks, the relationship between surface air temperature and snow melt over northern land areas during spring and (iv) for sea ice feedbacks, the simulation of sea ice thickness.

«cre» is the cloud radiative effect, «sw» is shortwave, meaning solar, «lw» is longwave, and «net» is... well... net.

[A] now - classic set of General Circulation Model (GCM) experiments ¬ produced global average surface temperature changes (due to doubled atmospheric CO2 concentration) ranging from 1.9 °C to 5.4 °C, simply by altering the way that cloud radiative properties were treated in the model.

La Nina cool the planet — as a result of cloud radiative forcing as one factor.

It involves changes in the global energy budget — in the short tern as changes in cloud radiative effects.

I didn't neglect it — I just said it was about half the cloud radiative effect from low frequency climate variability.

CERES variability is dominated by cloud radiative effects.

«A Climatology of Surface Cloud Radiative Effects at the ARM Tropical Western Pacific Sites.»

Frank, the most accepted value for global cloud radiative forcing is Hartmann DL, et al. 1992.

Hartmnn derived an average cloud radiative forcing of -27.6 W / m ^ 2 — a net cooling — as the overall average effect of clouds on global climate.

The cloud radiative effect (CRE) on the Earth's present - day radiation budget can be inferred from satellite data by comparing upwelling radiation in cloudy and non-cloudy regions.

What satellite data there is suggests a dominant role for cloud radiative effects — associated with the Pacific state — in late 20th century warming.

The satellite evidence says the net cloud radiative effect during late century warming was some 1.4 W / m2 — considerably greater than the increase in greenhouse gas forcing over the period.

Cloud radiative forcing is the residual of shortwave and longwave radiation at top of atmosphere.

By the way, cloud radiative forcing is not what you said it was.

Jimmy has assumed that cloud radiative forcing doesn't change with ocean and atmosphere circulation changes — and of course will never see the utter stupidity of his assumption.

The cloud radiative forcing in the final decades of the last century was 1.4 W / m2.

I suspect there were cloud radiative effects associated with a warm Pacific regime in the early warming.

La Nina certainly cools the atmosphere with energy transferred between ocean and atmosphere — but different lines of evidence suggest that cloud radiative effects dominate with both oceans and atmosphere cooling.

Where and how much do the cloud radiative effects and the rain change for a given warming?

F., M. Köhler, J. D. Farrara and C. R. Mechoso, 2002: The impact of stratocumulus cloud radiative properties on surface heat fluxes simulated with a general circulation model.

However, another source of uncertainty in the monthly mean zonal cloud radiative effects comes from the low frequency of clear - sky occurrence, when averaging over regions that correspond to the spatial resolution of general circulation models.

The energy budget feedbacks include cloud radiative effects.

Erl Happ (19:22:39): I am fumbling like everyone else This might help: http://www.leif.org/research/2008GL035673.pdf Cloud radiative effect on tropical troposphere to stratosphere transport represented in a large - scale model

And that have a climate effect through cloud radiative forcing.

Satellites show cloud radiative forcing as the dominant factor in late century warming.

Dessler manipulates the data to get cloud radiative anomalies.

Large interdecadal to decadal changes in cloud radiative forcing, decadal to millennial variability in a wide range of factors, abrupt changes in the system state.

To do this, I took cloud radiative - forcing anomalies (ΔCRF) and adjusted those to account for the impact of changing temperature, water vapor, surface albedo, and radiative forcing, ultimately yielding ΔRcloud.

What really happens is that ocean heat follows TOA radiant flux and the recent warming was mostly the cloud radiative effect.

The Pacific system resulted in a cloud radiative effect of 1.8 W / m2 over the tropical Pacific — based on Earth Radiation Budget Experiment data.

Extra heat from all sources — including the interior of the planet, fossil fuel burning, nuclear fission, solar radiance, north - south asymetry and — the big one — cloud radiative forcing — is retained in planetary systems as longwave emissions and shortwave reflectance adjusts to balance the global energy budget.

Ozone depletion in the late twentieth century was the primary driver of the observed poleward shift of the jet during summer, which has been linked to changes in tropospheric and surface temperatures, clouds and cloud radiative effects, and precipitation at both middle and low latitudes.

There is also a cloud radiative component.

How may low - cloud radiative properties simulated in the current climate influence low - cloud feedbacks under global warming?