Sentences with phrase «clusters of atoms»

Today no one questions the immediate nature of this connectedness between bits of light or matter, or even entire clusters of atoms.............»

In the past, chemists were only able to create molecules after marrying clusters of atoms.

Nanophase Carbon Materials (carbon nanotubes, nanodiamond, nanocomposite]-- A form of matter in which small clusters of atoms form the building blocks of a larger structure.

Protons move via relays — clusters of atoms that convey protons to or from the active site of catalysts, where the reaction of interest occurs.

Today no one questions the immediate nature of this connectedness between bits of light or matter, or even entire clusters of atoms.

For example, tiny clusters of atoms of gold and silver show unique catalytic properties, while larger pieces of the same material are relatively inert.

You have suggested a kind of periodic table for clusters of atoms that might be used as basic building materials.

«Larger than that scale, clusters of atoms are packed randomly and tightly, making a fully dense material, just like a regular metal.

«Within the clusters of atoms that make up a metallic glass, atoms are arranged in a particular kind of fractal pattern called percolation,» Chen says.

If you looked at a metallic glass on a scale larger than a few atomic diameters, you would see tightly packed, jumbled clusters of atoms.

«Scientists unveil new technology to better understand small clusters of atoms.»

An illustration of the extent to which the atoms, in a small cluster of atoms, vibrate.

Quantum Dot A cluster of atoms so small that its electronic properties are governed by the laws of quantum physics.

In Generator clusters of atom - like, circular forms, seem to hover in spatial crevices, but take the motif away and no space is now perceived.

Not exact matches

For example, the bending of bulk copper (wire, ribbon, etc.) occurs with movement of copper atoms / clusters at about the 50 nm scale.

Astronomers had theorized but never witnessed this remnant - stoking until last November, when Hiroya Yamaguchi of the Harvard - Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics discovered a bizarre signature in the remnant's X-rays: Cool iron atoms clustered inside a ring of their fevered ferrous cousins.

By modelling the atomic vibration of individual atoms in such clusters realistically, external atoms on the surface of the structure can be «seen'to vibrate more than internal atoms.

The atoms on the surface have larger ranges of motion than those in the middle of the cluster.

But the atomic structures of the clusters fluctuated under the heat treatment, switching back and forth between two main atom - configurations («isomers»): these were a face - centred cubic structure, similar to a small piece of bulk gold, and a decahedral arrangement with a symmetry forbidden in an extended crystal.

We believe that it will also prompt new experiments focusing on the dynamical properties of the atoms at nanostructures, allowing us to understand the contribution of the previously little probed dynamical structure studies of atomic clusters, towards the physical properties such as catalytic relativities.»

«Working catalysts are not simple surfaces, but it's now possible to use molecular beam technology to place well - characterised clusters of metal atoms onto a surface», says Prest.

Protons and neutrons cluster in a nucleus, 100,000 times smaller than its atom, and are themselves composed of other stupendously small things: quarks and gluons.

The agglomeration of copper or silver atoms in a matrix of noble gas atoms to form small clusters may be accompanied by the emission of visible light.

The researchers used a weak electric field to drag the cigar - shaped clusters of 10 to 30 tin atoms through a metal drift tube filled with helium.

Professor Johan Hofkens explains: «Clusters of silver atoms can assemble into different shapes, including a line or a pyramid.

Sometimes clusters of several atoms are formed.

They will design improved cluster systems with better electrical performances (e.g. higher on / off current ratio, different accessible states), and increase the number of atoms in the cluster core while maintaining the atomic precision and uniformity of the compound.

It could be the elusive theory of everything, a set of universal laws governing everything from the smallest quark within the atom to the largest cluster of galaxies, from the Big Bang to this moment.

In the 1 July issue of Physical Review B, materials scientists Harsh Deep Chopra and Susan Hua of the State University of New York, Buffalo, report passing electrons through a cluster of magnetic atoms that bridge two magnetic wires.

The researchers, Richard E. Smalley and Robert F. Curl Jr. of Rice University in Houston, and Harold W. Kroto of the University of Sussex in Brighton, United Kingdom, made their discovery in 1985 in Smalley's lab at Rice while working together to study how carbon atoms cluster.

These Ne - Kr clusters were then exposed to pulsed X-rays of the SPring - 8 synchrotron radiation source which, under the conditions chosen for the experiment, preferentially ionized Ne atoms.

Exposing a small cluster of neon atoms to a very short and intense burst of extreme ultraviolet light initiates a novel mechanism that produces a large number of electrons and ions.

A new study from the Greer group — published in the September 18, 2015 issue of the journal Science — shows that inside each of these clusters, on a scale of about two to three atomic diameters, atoms have a predictable arrangement called a fractal.

Maybe we should, now that we have a new class of chemical building blocks called superatoms — atomic clusters that behave like individual atoms.

Only about one - sixth of the deduced mass of the galaxy clusters can consist of atoms.

Instead of reacting together on the surface of the catalyst (the palladium cluster), the hydrogen atoms dissociate into their components — protons and electrons.

Featured on the journal's cover is an image that depicts their findings: Instead of reacting together on the surface of the catalyst (the palladium cluster), the hydrogen atoms dissociate into their components — protons and electrons.

During the 1980s, researchers plugged the numbers into their computers and out came a hard prediction: Only about one - sixth of the deduced mass of the galaxy clusters can consist of atoms.

His research has shown that the catalytic property of gold clusters can even change along with the configuration of atoms in those clusters.

«All four copper atoms are participating because with only a few of them in the cluster, they are all exposed and able to bind.»

«In essence,» said co-author Darren W. Johnson, a professor of chemistry, «we can prepare one type of nanoscale cluster compound, and then step - by - step substitute out the individual metal atoms to make new clusters that can not be made by direct methods.

The process described in the paper represents a new approach to transmetalation, in which individual atoms of one metal complex — a cluster in this case — are individually substituted in water.

Left side: 2D electron momentum map of argon clusters with an average size of 3500 atoms showing a pronounced central distribution attributed to the ionization of Rydberg atoms with the detector field.

Each cluster consists of hydrogen molecules arranged around a negatively charged hydrogen ion — a single hydrogen atom with an extra electron — at temperatures near absolute zero, the researchers report in the Dec. 30 Physical Review Letters.

Slight differences in water content (most of the hydrogen atoms buzzed by the magnet are tied up in water) show up as shades of gray, revealing bone, cartilage, or clusters of neurons deep inside the brain.

When the clusters form, each contains 20 to 60 uranium atoms, «so we can extract them in whole bunches instead of one at a time,» Nyman said.

A silver nanoparticle is a small cluster of silver atoms less than 100 nanometers, or 100 billionths of a meter, wide.

But the magnification needed to see physics at work on this scale would be equivalent to blowing an atom up to the size of a galaxy cluster.

This winter he coaxed a cluster of 12 iron atoms to store one bit of data, consisting of either a 1 or a 0.

Unlike most accelerators, which smash together simple particles like individual protons, RHIC accelerates clusters of hundreds of gold atoms — with 79 protons and neutrons in each gold nucleus — to 99.99 percent the speed of light.