His rapid - fire mind allowed us to fit in a long list of issues, from the ebbing and surging of China's power over the centuries to the merits of Honda Civics and a low - meat diet, from the persistent threat of terrorism and nuclear war to what he says is the fantasy of capturing and burying carbon dioxide from
coal combustion at a scale the atmosphere might notice.
Not exact matches
Skeptical Science previously examined Epstein et al. (2011), which arrived
at a much higher estimate of the external costs of
coal combustion, mainly due to a higher estimate of (non-CO2) air pollution damages.
Similarly,
coal contains trace amounts of mercury, which is set free during
combustion at power plants.
A variety of techniques, including passing the remnants of
coal combustion through an ammonium carbonate solution or separating purified CO2 from gasified
coal, are possible —
at a cost.
By comparison, scenarios for fossil fuel emissions for the 21st century range from about 600 billion tons (if we can keep total global emissions
at current levels) to over 2500 billion tons if the world increases its reliance on
combustion of
coal as economic growth and population increase dramatically.
Paul Epstein, associate director of the Center for Health and the Global Environment
at Harvard Medical School, details the economic, health and environmental costs associated with each stage in the life cycle of
coal — extraction, transportation, processing, and
combustion.
There's also the inescapable truth that, even you assume for sake of argument that the electricity you stick in your Model S is 0 % renewable and 100 %
coal, you are
at least keeping the poisonous side - effects of
combustion away from urban centres and are not dragging a potpourri of contaminants down high streets and past schools or sitting in a fuggy 25 mile tailback of them.
Overall, I have yet to see anyone rebut the simple calculations of Vaclav Smil, the resource and risk polymath
at the University of Manitoba, who has shown how capturing and processing just a small percentage of today's CO2 from
coal combustion would require as much pipeline and other infrastructure as is now used globally to get oil — a costly commodity — out of the ground.
At the same time, as well, other fundamental forces will continue to drive polluted China and smog - choked India to move away from unfettered
coal combustion as a path to progress.
The comment, made during a Jan. 17 interview with the editorial board of The San Francisco Chronicle, essentially explains how the kind of cap and trade mechanism sought by both Mr. Obama and Senator John McCain (the latter
at least in his platform, if not on the stump) would make
coal combustion ever more costly (unless the world finally gets serious about investing in large - scale testing and deployment of systems for capturing and burying carbon dioxide).
He explained that an article I wrote in 2002 about fires, both natural and human caused, smoldering in
coal seams around the world, inspired him, while he was completing a doctorate
at the University of California, Berkeley, to switch from studying risks posed by smoldering
combustion in spacecraft to those back on Earth.
And for those of you who want to insist that aerosols produced by the uncontrolled burning of
coal neutralized the effects of AGW from 1940 to 1979, please explain how the same argument could not be made for the effects of
coal - induced aerosols during this earlier period, when no constraints on the polluting effects of
coal combustion were present
at all.
At present, an estimated 2.8 million people die prematurely each year because of the smoky environments caused by burning solid biomass in inefficient stoves or from
combustion of kerosene or
coal for cooking.
In the U.S., a range of legislation and regulation
at the federal and state levels governs miner safety,
coal mine reclamation,
coal plant siting, thermal pollution from
coal plant cooling,
coal combustion emissions, and disposal of
coal waste.
Nationally,
at least 42 percent of
coal combustion waste ponds and landfills are unlined.
At power plants,
combustion of
coal produces a medley of air pollutants, especially in older plants that lack modern emissions control equipment.
It finds that the overall economic costs of health impacts from
coal combustion in the EU
at up to 62.3 billion Euros.
In these pulverised
coal combustion (PCC) systems, the powdered
coal is blown into the
combustion chamber of a boiler where it is burnt
at high temperature (see diagram).
For example, increasing
combustion efficiency in households cooking with biomass or
coal could have climate benefits by reducing CAPs and
at the same time bring major health benefits among poor populations.
This is because wood is both less efficient
at the point of
combustion and has larger processing and supply chain emissions than
coal.
Through the advanced emission control processes in place
at Prairie State, three
coal combustion residuals (CCRs) are produced: gypsum, fly ash, and bottom ash.
The study, which was released in the Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences, tallied the economic, health and environmental costs associated with each stage in the life cycle of
coal — extraction, transportation, processing, and
combustion - and estimated those costs, which are borne by the public
at large, to be between $ 175 billion and $ 500 billion dollars annually.
The prison's immediate surroundings, according to the investigation's 2014 report, No Escape: Exposure to Toxic
Coal Waste at State Correctional Institution Fayette, include about 40 million tons of waste, two coal slurry ponds and millions of cubic yards of coal combustion wa
Coal Waste
at State Correctional Institution Fayette, include about 40 million tons of waste, two
coal slurry ponds and millions of cubic yards of coal combustion wa
coal slurry ponds and millions of cubic yards of
coal combustion wa
coal combustion waste.
Skeptical Science previously examined Epstein et al. (2011), which arrived
at a much higher estimate of the external costs of
coal combustion, mainly due to a higher estimate of (non-CO2) air pollution damages.
The study is the first to look
at the major costs of
coal from extraction to
combustion.
Since fracking is increasingly widespread, these local environmental problems now affect more people
at a greater severity than local problems associated with
coal combustion.