Sentences with phrase «coal liquefaction»
"Coal liquefaction" refers to the process of converting coal, a solid fossil fuel, into a liquid form. This is done through chemical reactions that break down the complex structure of coal, creating liquid fuels that can be used for various purposes like transportation or heating. Full definition
Headwaters direct coal liquefaction process.
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Headwaters direct coal liquefaction process.
Understanding the fundamental aspects of coal liquefaction technologies is vital for planning and policy - making, as future CTL systems will be integrated into a much larger global energy and fuel utilization system.
On this page... Coal gasification Coal liquefaction Coal - seam gas Factors in oil supply Links Oil reserve estimates by the USA Oil shale Peak oil Reduce your dependence on oil Related pages Self - sufficiency Tar sands Top Unconventional liquid fuel sources
These are not only national problems, but international problems due first to pollutant transport but also to technological trades (e.g. China to Africa for two wheel vehicles, Africa to China for coal liquefaction process).
As a result, China has sensibly halted the production of biofuels derived from grain - based feedstock and most (but not all) of its originally proposed coal liquefaction projects.
The food - versus - fuel debate has given grain - based biofuels a black eye in the realm of public opinion, while coal liquefaction emits large volumes of greenhouse gases.
Estimates for the oil price at which coal liquefaction becomes viable vary from around US$ 30 to US$ 60 per barrel.
China has expressed a strong interest in cleaner coal - based technologies like coal liquefaction and gasification, but the government appears to put official hope in renewable energy, setting a target of 12 % of its power generation capacity coming from renewables by 2020 — up from a mere 3 % in 2003.
The in situ process intends to utilise the insulative properties of coal combined with the controlled delivery mechanism of the high kinetic energy of water and catalysts (supplemented by natural catalysts / impurities located in all coal seams) to achieve liquefaction at a targeted 350 °C, thereby maximizing liquids production when compared to other coal liquefaction processes.
China, with its rapidly growing economy, heavy reliance on imported oil, and large reserves of coal, is the world leader in coal liquefaction technology.
So coal liquefaction is more bad news for greenhouse / climate change.
Compared with typical refining processes, coal liquefaction produces 14 times the amount of carbon dioxide.
Not only do you have to mine the coal in the first place, coal liquefaction releases a LOT more carbon dioxide in the refining of a gallon of gasoline than the equivalent process of refining petroleum.
Headwaters Inc and Axens are forming a strategic alliance to provide a single - source solution for producing synthetic fuels by direct coal liquefaction (DCL) alone or in combination with refinery residues or biomass.
It is currently building a coal liquefaction plant with a capacity of a million tonnes per year.
Ideally, coal liquefaction and carbon - containing liquid fuels should not be used because of the resulting greenhouse damage.
Headwaters Inc and Axens are forming a strategic alliance to provide a single - source solution for producing synthetic fuels by direct coal liquefaction (DCL) alone or in combination with refinery residues or biomass.