In fact, the presence of one of the largest
coal reserves on Earth was precisely the reason President Clinton created Grand Staircase Escalante National Monument.
Not exact matches
Beyond the reasonably favourable outlook for the next few years, growth in productive capacity and exports in the resources sector over the longer term will depend
on future mineral discoveries (though existing
reserves could support production and exports of some commodities, such as
coal, for a considerable time).
For the time being, much of the analysis
on the financial losses focuses
on the plunge in oil and
coal prices, and the potential that a huge portion of the global
reserves of oil, gas, and
coal will be «stranded» in the ground to curb climate change.
Lacking the rich oil,
coal and other energy
reserves of many other nations, Japan relies
on nuclear power for some 30 percent of its electricity.
Because, under the guise of offering a «clean» technique for unlocking the energy from
coal reserves, engineers are actually concocting a way to increase massively the amount of
coal the world can get its hands
on.
$ 8 billion) over first ten years for deficit reductionObeys PAYGO; Starting in 2026, 25 % of auction revenues for deficit reductionFuels and TransportationIncrease biofuels to 60 million gallons by 2030, low - carbon fuel standard of 10 % by 2010, 1 million plug» in hybrid cars by 2025, raise fuel economy standards, smart growth funding, end oil subsidies, promote natural gas drilling, enhanced oil recoverySmart growth funding, plug - in hybrids, raise fuel economy standards $ 7 billion a year for smart growth funding, plug - in hybrids, natural gas vehicles, raise fuel economy standards; offshore drilling with revenue sharing and oil spill veto, natural gas fracking disclosureCost ContainmentInternational offsetsOffset pool, banking and borrowing flexibility, soft price collar using permit
reserve auction at $ 28 per ton going to 60 % above three - year - average market price» Hard» price collar between $ 12 and $ 25 per ton, floor increases at 3 % + CPI, ceiling at 5 % + CPI, plus permit
reserve auction, offsets like W - MClean Air Act And StatesNot discussedOnly polluters above 25,000 tons of carbon dioxide equivalent a year, regional cap and trade suspended until 2017, EPA to set stationary source performance standards in 2016, some Clean Air Act provisions excludedOnly polluters above 25,000 tons of carbon dioxide equivalent a year, regional cap and trade pre-empted, establishes
coal - fired plant performance standards, some Clean Air Act provisions excludedInternational CompetitivenessTax incentives for domestic auto industryFree allowances for trade - exposed industries, 2020 carbon tariff
on importsCarbon tariff
on importsReferences: Barack Obama, 2007; Barack Obama, 8/3/08; Pew Center, 6/26/09; leaked drafts of American Power Act, 5/11/10.
If current
coal reserves are burned
on a time scale short compared to time scales for carbon storage, then CO2 concentrations will go over 400 ppm rather easily.
All that has just been described
on the duration of fossil fuel
reserves indicates that, given the longevity of
coal, it would be the source of energy to be used in the future when other fossil fuels are depleted, a fact that would aggravate the greenhouse effect in the atmosphere.
Gavin, are you aware of the complete disconnect between SRES estimates of fossil fuel
reserves, which are based
on a single review paper by Roger in 1997, and more recent views regarding peak oil, peak gas, and peak
coal?
The share prices of oil, gas and
coal companies depend in part
on their
reserves.
Pollution from
coal burning, in the United States and particularly in developing countries, has big impacts
on public health, and the climate impact from
coal - generated carbon dioxide could be enormous if the world's still - vast
reserves are heavily exploited.
An article in the latest issue of The Economist explores whether acknowledgement that some fossil fuel stocks are unburnable means companies with big
coal or oil
reserves are overvalued, at least
on long time horizons.
We really can not be blamed for nature giving us 100 to 1000 years worth of
coal, depending
on how much dirt we are willing to scrape off these
reserves.
Given that the United States, China and other countries sit
on vast
reserves of
coal, and that vast volumes of carbon dioxide will come from conventional use of this energy source, what is the best way forward?
Here's a solution: All the sovereign States with gas, oil, and
coal reserves, can use their sovereign power to simply clamp down
on production, driving FF prices higher, and achieve the Nirvana New Energy Future as rapidly as is physically possible.
«9 Based
on the IEO2006 reference case forecast for
coal consumption, and assuming that world
coal consumption would continue to increase at a rate of 2.0 percent per year after 2030, current estimated recoverable world
coal reserves would last for about 70 years.»
Even after decades of increasingly dire warnings, the US has still not passed comprehensive federal legislation to combat global warming; Canada has abandoned past pledges in order to exploit its emissions - heavy tar sands; China continues to depend
on coal for its energy production; Indonesia's effort to stem widespread deforestation is facing stiff resistance from industry; Europe is mulling pulling back
on its more ambitious cuts if other nations do not join it; northern nations are scrambling to exploit the melting Arctic for untapped oil and gas
reserves; and fossil fuels continue to be subsidized worldwide to the tune of $ 400 billion.
Both China and India, as we all know, are counting
on their vast
coal reserves to fuel their long - awaited growth.
The 237 - page bill introduced by U.S. Sen. Lisa Murkowski (R - AK)-- S. 2012, the Energy Policy Modernization Act of 2015 — includes provisions that would expedite the liquefied natural gas (LNG) export permitting process, heap subsidies
on coal technology, and fund research geared toward discovering a way to tap into methane hydrate
reserves.
Certainly, the timing of such announcement was made more palatable
on news that
coal reserves in China have hit new highs after a summer of
coal supply shortages that saw blackouts in various Chinese cities.
On its website the company states that in 2008 it produced approximately 69.4 million tons of
coal and «controlled approximately 1.75 billion tons of proven and probable
coal reserves.»
India remains heavily committed to burning
coal and has abundant domestic
reserves, although the new government of Narendra Modi has announced plans to bring electricity to 400 million rural Indians through mini-grids run
on solar energy.
On its website, Foundation
Coal states that «Foundation Affiliates operate multiple mines in the Powder River Basin, Northern Appalachia, and Central Appalachia regions, as well as substantial
reserves and an idled mine in the Illinois basin that can be returned to service as market conditions warrant.»
On its website it states that it «controls
reserves totaling over 2 billion tons and shipped over 24 million tons of
coal in 2006.
The reason both countries, who have large readily available
coal reserves are so heavily reliant
on fossil fueled electricity generation is because, without carbon pricing, it's slightly cheaper than nuclear power.
Estimated Recoverable
Reserves (coal): An estimate of coal reserves, based on a demonstrated reserve base, adjusted for assumed accessibility and recovery factors, and does not include any specific economic feasibility c
Reserves (
coal): An estimate of
coal reserves, based on a demonstrated reserve base, adjusted for assumed accessibility and recovery factors, and does not include any specific economic feasibility c
reserves, based
on a demonstrated
reserve base, adjusted for assumed accessibility and recovery factors, and does not include any specific economic feasibility criteria.
The Europeans pay through the nose because they have essentially burned the majority of their
coal reserves and are running
on fumes.
On the other hand, Russia's
coal reserves are colossal, 189Gt, and are primarily in their Siberian
coal fields.
To avoid blackouts governments and / or consumers are forced to fund diesel, gas or
coal plants to remain
on standby or as spinning
reserves until needed.
If the alternative had been adopted the UK would NOW have a working
coal industry and plentiful
reserves of North Sea oil and Gas and more time to ramp up
on sustainable energy production.
On this page... Coal gasification Coal liquefaction Coal - seam gas Factors in oil supply Links Oil reserve estimates by the USA Oil shale Peak oil Reduce your dependence on oil Related pages Self - sufficiency Tar sands Top Unconventional liquid fuel sourc
On this page...
Coal gasification
Coal liquefaction
Coal - seam gas Factors in oil supply Links Oil
reserve estimates by the USA Oil shale Peak oil Reduce your dependence
on oil Related pages Self - sufficiency Tar sands Top Unconventional liquid fuel sourc
on oil Related pages Self - sufficiency Tar sands Top Unconventional liquid fuel sources
Nevertheless, Australian listed companies spent an estimated AU$ 6 billion
on finding and developing more
coal reserves, it is revealed.
Endowed with vast
reserves in the Thar lignite field and facing a severe energy shortage, Pakistan is betting
on domestic and imported
coal for electricity supply in the coming years.
Furthermore, AU$ 6billion was spent by Australian listed companies last year
on developing these likely «unburnable»
coal reserves.
But the 51 gigatonnes of carbon pollution (GtCO2) in the
coal reserves that Australian companies already have
on their books represent about 25 per cent of a precautionary 200 GtCO2 global carbon budget for
coal.
Last year Australian listed companies spent an estimated AU$ 6 billion
on developing more
coal reserves.
As the United States focuses more
on shale gas
reserves, India is expected to become the second largest
coal consumer in 2017, ranking only behind China.
«America is sitting
on a treasure trove of untapped energy
on federal lands and hundreds of years of
coal energy
reserves.
The study notes that current global
reserves of
coal, oil and gas equate to the release of nearly 3 trillion tonnes of CO2 when used and based
on this draws the conclusion that two thirds of this can not be consumed if a global budget were in place that limits emissions to 1.1 trillion tonnes of CO2 for the period 2011 to 2050.
The authors drew
on available data to establish global
reserves at 1,294 billion barrels of oil, 192 trillion cubic metres of gas, 728 Gt of hard
coal and 276 Gt of lignite.
Coal, on the other hand, has larger reserves and the authors conclude that «the only realistic way to sharply curtail CO2 emissions is phase out coal use except where CO2 is captured and sequestered.&ra
Coal,
on the other hand, has larger
reserves and the authors conclude that «the only realistic way to sharply curtail CO2 emissions is phase out
coal use except where CO2 is captured and sequestered.&ra
coal use except where CO2 is captured and sequestered.»
That's because U.S.
coal companies including Peabody Energy Corp. won't be looking to secure new
reserves of the fossil fuel
on federal land for years, especially as mining slows amid the sector's worst downturn in generations.
An unlikely alliance has emerged in some regions, especially in New South Wales and Queensland, between environmentalists and traditionally hostile farmers to oppose the rapid spread of huge new
coal mines
on rich agricultural land and
coal seam gas
reserves being accessed by fracking.
«Santee Cooper will use the large
reserve capacity to... reduce its reliance
on coal - fired power plants,» South Carolina's The State reported last week.
Victories were seen
on four continents: in Bolivia a draconian response to protestors embarrassed the government, causing them to drop plans to build a road through Tipnis, an indigenous Amazonian
reserve; in Myanmar, a nation not known for bowing to public demands, large protests pushed the government to cancel a massive Chinese hydroelectric project; in Borneo a three - year struggle to stop the construction of a
coal plant
on the coast of the Coral Triangle ended in victory for activists; in Britain plans to privatize forests created such a public outcry that the government not only pulled back but also apologized; and in the U.S. civil disobedience and massive marches pressured the Obama Administration to delay a decision
on the controversial Keystone XL pipeline, which would bring tar sands from Canada to a global market.
In 112 hours, the sun provides 36 zettajoules of energy — as much energy as is contained in all proven
reserves of oil,
coal and natural gas
on this planet
When we talk about «proof» we're not talking about smoke and mirrors «modelling» based
on long - term average wind farm output — which ignores the extra gas and
coal being burnt (and wasted) in order to balance the grid to account for wild fluctuations in wind power output (see our post here); and to maintain additional «spinning
reserve» (see our post here) to account for complete collapses in wind power output — as seen in this post.
The US has 28 % of
coal reserves and appears to plan to sit
on them, using a small fraction for local consumption.
``...... * FIFTH, I will lift the restrictions
on the production of $ 50 trillion dollars» worth of job - producing American energy
reserves, including shale, oil, natural gas and clean
coal.
«The value of fossil fuel companies is dependent
on reserves of oil,
coal, and natural gas —
reserves that must remain in the ground for us to have any hope of avoiding dangerous climate change.