Sentences with phrase «coarse resolution ogcms»

The coarse resolution of global models, together with regional uncertainties in precipitation, make it difficult to assess the probability of deflation becoming supply - limited consequent on wetting of the Bodélé and / or increased vegetation cover over the basin.

Nevertheless, the coarse resolution simulations capture the first order characteristics of the planetary circulation and temperature distribution.

At the coarse resolution of the graph, one only sees a dark band marking out the maximum and minimum values swept out by the spike.

Global vegetation cover changes from coarse resolution satellite data.

Until we figure out how to do this on the weekly to seasonal time scales, trying to infer extreme events from coarse resolution climate models with insufficient number of ensemble members is like voodoo.

However, global model projections have coarse resolution, with grid cell sizes of 200 × 200 km or more, reflecting limitations of the ocean GCM component of global coupled climate and ocean circulation — biogeochemical models.

The second part of the dissertation analyzes dust emission in an atmospheric general circulation model (AGCM), where realistic simulation is inhibited by the model's coarse resolution compared to the scale of the circulations observed to mobilize dust.

Contemporary changes in the distribution and species composition of Northwest Atlantic living marine resources are already evident, but existing projections are based on warming scenarios from coarse resolution models.

Given the coarse resolution of global climate models, downscaling techniques are often needed to generate finer scale projections of variables affected by local - scale processes such as precipitation.

If the points are very far away from each other the model is said to have coarse resolution and the forecasts is only representative of very large areas, and may not be exactly the weather where you may be located.

The results from these models must still be treated with caution as they can not capture the full complexity of these structures, due in part to the coarse resolution in both the atmosphere and oceans of the majority of the models used (Chapter 8).

Moreover, the coarse resolution of NWP models limits the interpretation and the description of the atmospheric surface features.

These approaches have coarse resolution which is less useful for planning on the regional or local level.

With respect to hurricane intensity, there are observed trends indicating this and model results predicting this, and while there are problems in each (data problems with hurricanes, coarse resolution in global models, etc.), theoretical arguments also make clear that there will be more energy and water vapor available in the atmosphere to cause more intense hurricanes, so a very strong case can be made for this happening.

«Most of the models we use have coarse resolution,» says CSIRO's Ming Feng, WA - based oceanographer and paper co-author.

Because most AOGCMs have coarse resolution and large - scale systematic errors, and extreme events tend to be short lived and have smaller spatial scales, it is somewhat surprising how well the models simulate the statistics of extreme events in the current climate, including the trends during the 20th century (see Chapter 9 for more detail).

Recently, high resolution gridded baseline climatologies have been developed with which coarse resolution GCM results have been combined (e.g., Saarikko and Carter, 1996; Kittel et al., 1997).

The climate change impacts community has long bemoaned the inadequate spatial scale of climate scenarios produced from coarse resolution GCM output (Gates, 1985; Lamb, 1987; Robinson and Finkelstein, 1989; Smith and Tirpak, 1989; Cohen, 1990).

Model results don't depend critically on resolution — the climate sensitivity of the models is not a function of this in any obvious way, and the patterns of warming seen in coarse resolution models from the 1980s are very similar to those from AR4 or the upcoming AR5 (~ 50 times more horizontal grid points).

But then the effective heat capacity, the surface temperature, depends on the rate of mixing of the ocean water and I have presented evidence from a number of different ways that models tend to be too diffusive because of numerical reasons and coarse resolution and wave parameter rise, motions in the ocean.

In other areas, the coarse resolution of the input data used to determine land availability meant that some forested areas had been misidentified as grassland or cropland.

But there, challenges also arise, as models that simulate changing climate at a global scale do so at relatively coarse resolution, of around hundreds of kilometers, while hurricanes require resolutions of a few kilometers.

The global climate models assessed by the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC), which are used to project global and regional climate change, are coarse resolution models based on a roughly 100 - kilometer or 62 - mile grid, to simulate ocean and atmospheric dynamics.

Previous studies tend to underestimate such connections as simulated land - atmosphere interaction is also resolution - dependent, which means that the signals for changes in small - scale land use are likely to be much weaker in a coarse resolution model,» says Minchao Wu.

For much of the global ocean the coarser resolution is okay, but when you are studying a unique location like the Gulf of Maine, with its complex bathymetry of deep basins, channels, and shallow banks combined with its location near the intersection of two major ocean current systems, the output from the coarser models can be misleading.»

Global aerosol models are similar to regional aerosol models, but with a coarser resolution, a broader geographic area, and a longer time span.

The high resolution time - slice technique is also dependent on the sea surface temperature simulated by a coarser resolution AOGCM.

The aim of increasing resolution in AGCMs is generally to improve the simulation of surface climatology compared to coarser resolution models (Cubash et al., 1995).

«Our finding that convective features change drastically at resolutions of 2 kilometers or more opens up new avenues for research into the interactions between convection and global atmospheric circulation that would have been invisible at coarser resolutions.»

This study is a clear shot across the bow against some previous research showing higher potential rates of oceanic sequestration, all of which used coarser resolution models that may not have accurately simulated critical variables, including particle circulation.

Land use and emissions of air pollutants and greenhouse gases are reported mostly at a 0.5 × 0.5 degree spatial resolution, with air pollutants also provided per sector (for well - mixed gases, a coarser resolution is used).

Coarser resolution results from four of the CMIP3 models were used as the boundary conditions for the NARCCAP regional climate model studies, with each of the regional models doing analyses with boundary conditions from two of the CMIP3 models.

Sea ice in the 1984 image has a blockier appearance because that sensor had coarser resolution.

But for the weather there is no level of fine detail that ceases to matter as you zoom out to the coarser resolution of climate.

What Mandelbrot is saying is that for a map the fine detail ceases to matter as you zoom out to view larger areas at coarser resolution.

The observed differences between their study and our assessment can further result from variations in the base data employed: Jongman et al. [73] used a finer resolution SRTM grid at 3 arc sec resolution but coarser resolution population density data at 5 arc min resolution and, as mentioned earlier, an older version of the UN's demographic data.

Even at 125 km resolution, you are capturing only the biggest hurricanes, and at coarser resolutions, you aren't capturing them at all.

Reference solutions from multiple models define a range of uncertainty that is the target for coarser resolution simulations.

I am not quite sure how to interpret results of coarser resolution simulations (such as NASA GISS and many paleo simulations), this should really be evaluated better.

The results presented in the paper identify the shortcomings of the model at coarser resolutions which need to be addressed when attempting to represent such overflows realistically in large scale climate and ocean models.

Not exact matches

Researchers had long noticed that the pattern of HOX genes is coarse at first and gradually refined to single - cell resolution.

To overcome this issue, Orellana and her colleagues used several low resolution proteins models called coarse - grained models, which greatly simplify the structure of a protein.

«Until the launch of the OCO - 2 satellite mission in 2014 we had global maps of SIF but at coarse spatial resolution, each pixel compromising areas of about 50 x 50 kilometres in the best case,» says Luis Guanter from GFZ.

Cassini has also made rough measurements of Titan's topography in some locations, though these measurements are much coarser in resolution.

Unfortunately, many of these cloud properties must be estimated through parameterization, a technique used to represent complex small - scale systems, because climate model resolution is too coarse to resolve small - scale cloud features.

The researchers will then code the approach so it can be used in coarse - resolution global climate models.

Thus, scientists often make climate projections at coarse spatial resolution where each projected data point is an average value of a grid cell that measures hundreds of miles (kilometers) across.

Coarse grain searches are used initially to perform an early selection and finally high resolution techniques are used to identify the actual specimen of interest and to address aspects related to scientific issues.

Moreover, graph theory - based network analyses have also been applied to resting - state fMRI data, identifying similar RSNs, although typically at a coarser spatial resolution.

While RSNs from ICA have a voxel - level resolution, most whole - brain networks are typically much coarser and consist of only a few hundred nodes.