According to a new imaging study,
cocaine abusers in their 30s and 40s show brain changes more commonly seen in people over 60.
Not exact matches
Compared with drug - free people of the same age, the
cocaine users also showed proportionally greater volume loss
in prefrontal and temporal areas — the very areas that control the functions impaired
in drug
abusers.
Specifically, substance
abusers (
cocaine, methamphetamine, alcohol, heroin, and nicotine), but not marijuana
abusers (14 ⇓ — 16), show reduced baseline availability of DA D2 receptors
in striatum (reviewed ref.
Similarly,
cocaine abusers (17, 18) and alcoholics (19, 20), but not marijuana
abusers (16), show attenuated DA increases
in striatum when challenged with a stimulant drug, although marijuana
abusers with comorbid schizophrenia or risk for schizophrenia showed blunted DA increases to stimulants (21) and to stress (22).
Thus, our results showing no differences
in D2 / D3 receptor availability (except for a trend
in ventral striatum), using a larger sample (24 marijuana
abusers) than that used for studies that identified reductions
in striatal D2 / D3 receptors
in alcoholics and
cocaine abusers, indicate that marijuana
abusers, different from other drug
abusers, do not show significant striatal D2 / D3 receptor reductions.
Utility of crossover designs
in clinical trials: Efficacy of desipramine vs. placebo
in opioid - dependent
cocaine abusers.