Sentences with word «coccolithophore»

In previous experiments, the same SF State researchers found that the same strain of coccolithophores grown for hundreds of generations under cool and acidified water conditions grew less shell than those growing under current ocean conditions.

For example across the tropical ocean, the ratio of net calcification to net photosynthesis for coccolithophores remained constant despite regions of widely varying surface pH and calcite saturation levels (Maranon 2016).

The researchers received another surprise when they used recently developed genomic approaches to compare the expression of genes related to calcification in coccolithophores grown under current and future seawater conditions.

There is, therefore, much current interest in how coccolithophore calcification might be affected by climate change and ocean acidification, both of which occur as atmospheric carbon dioxide increases.

The outer «hubcaps» are called coccolithophores made of limestone (calcite or chalk).

I think this paper, and a few others like it that have been published in recent years, indicate that the response of differernt coccolithophore species to changing CO2 is species dependent and more studies will be required to determine how these responses from different species might cause a shift in species abundances in the oceans and the ecosystem as a whole.

Dr Samantha Gibbs, from Ocean and Earth Science at the University of Southampton, who was Dr O'Dea's PhD supervisor and co-author of the study, says: «A key objective was to record calcification in fossil coccolithophores in a way that enabled direct comparison with measurements from living specimens.

A year - long experiment on tiny ocean organisms called coccolithophores suggests that the single - celled algae may still be able to grow their calcified shells even as oceans grow warmer and more acidic in Earth's near future.

For example, with some species of coccolithophores increasing in abundance at the expense of others, the ocean ecosystem might shift towards species that carry more carbon away from the surface and into the ocean interior, causing greater uptake of carbon into the oceans (See Langer et al., 2007).

The significance of extant coccolithophores as indicator of ocean water masses, surface water temperature, and palaeoproductivity: a review

Decreasing the amount of carbonate ions in the water makes conditions more difficult for both calcite users (phytoplankton, foraminifera and coccolithophore algae), and aragonite users (corals, shellfish, pteropods and heteropods).

We will need to study more coccolithophore species in the laboratory and field for longer duration experiments to be sure about the long - term response.

The effects of these microscopic coccolithophores are far - reaching: they influence biogeochemistry, global carbon cycling, and global microbial ecology.

Based on the youngest coccolithophore present, it was determined that volcanic activity formed El Hierro in the last 2.5 million years.

Recent evidence indicates that the genetic diversity among coccolithophores in nature may hold part of the answer as to which strains and species might be «pre-adapted for future ocean conditions,» Stillman added.

Coccolithophores sequester oceanic carbon by incorporating it into their shells, which provide ballast to speed the sinking of carbon to the deep sea.

Dr Sarah O'Dea, from Ocean and Earth Science at the University of Southampton and lead author of the study, says: «Our results show that climate change significantly altered coccolithophore calcification rates at the PETM and has the potential to be just as significant, perhaps even more so, today.

Although coccolithophores are microscopic, their abundance makes them key contributors to marine ecosystems and the global carbon cycle.

The study investigated two key PETM coccolithophores, Coccolithus pelagicus and Toweius pertusus, both of which are directly related to species that dominate the modern ocean.

Ultimately then, it is the factors that influence where species live, their abundance, how fast they grow and their ability to adapt to environmental change that is likely to control future coccolithophore calcite production.»

Several species of coccolithophore went extinct during the PETM, and a number of new species appeared.

Coccolithophores play an important role in the ocean carbon cycle.

Here's an excerpt from the San Francisco State University news release on the laboratory experiment with coccolithophores *:

Even we know coccolithophores can live in lower PH ocean, it does not mean we can emit CO2 freely.

Europe is readying a fresh look at coccolithophores and pH.

The Patagonian Shelf Break lies on the northern edge of a region that some scientists refer to as the «great southern coccolithophore belt» or the «great calcite belt.»

Similar dynamics from calcifying coccolithophores likewise promotes CO2 fluxes from the open ocean, and inhibits uptake from the atmosphere.

The main carbon sink is ocean calcareous phytoplankton like coccolithophores, and diatoms.

It has been suggested that since they calcify ocean acidification due to increasing carbon dioxide could severely affect coccolithophores.

Recent projects have focused on understanding the controlling mechanisms for coccolithophore ecology, marine nitrogen fixation and the spread of anoxic conditions during Oceanic Anoxic Events of the Mesozoic.

Updated, 10:41 p.m. At the asterisk above, I originally used diatoms as a synonym for coccolithophores.

A year - long experiment on tiny ocean organisms called coccolithophores suggests that the single - celled algae may still be able to grow their calcified shells even as oceans grow warmer and more acidic in Earth's near future.

The rocks» sedimentary interior contained fossils of single - celled algae called coccolithophores (circled in red, right).