Sentences with phrase «cognitive control over»

Preliminary evidence suggests that MBSR may influence the ability to exert cognitive control over negative rumination (Ramel et al., 2004), self - referential processes (Goldin et al., 2009c) and attention allocation and regulation (Slagter et al., 2008).

Taken together, these findings suggest that brain stimulation may reduce symptoms of anorexia by improving cognitive control over compulsive features of the disorder,» McClelland said.

Not exact matches

A cohort of ~ 40 pet Border Collie dogs were assigned to three different conditions, and tested in an intensive series of inhibitory control tasks, such as wait - for - treat, and cognitive measures, such as size constancy over a period of 18 months.

«Conversely, a spelling error, like substituting «hite» for «height,» might be attributed to a lack of education or to a cognitive challenge such as dyslexia, traits over which the writer has little control.»

Similarly, cognitive psychologist Janet Metcalfe of Columbia University found that schizophrenic subjects had trouble knowing how much control they had over their own actions.

This area of the insula is likely involved in cognitive control and salience, meaning that participants were paying more attention to food choices and selecting the less desirable or healthier options over the highly desirable or less healthy options.

In a pilot study reported last year in Behavioural and Cognitive Psychotherapy, the researchers assigned participants to either a control group or to six sessions of mindfulness - based therapy over three weeks.

The original, randomized, open label study, which enrolled 20 outpatient men with cirrhosis and recurrent HE receiving standard - of - care (SOC) treatment, had previously reported that a single FMT enema after antibiotic pretreatment improved cognitive function at Day 20 and reduced HE episodes and hospitalizations over the following 5 months compared with SOC.1 The long - term outcomes of this study, which were presented today at The International Liver Congress ™ 2018 in Paris, France, demonstrated sustained and statistically significant reductions in the number of HE episodes and hospitalizations as well as improvements in cognitive function over 1 year in the men who received FMT compared with the control group.

Participants were divided into four groups: those diagnosed with probable Alzheimer's when entering the study, healthy controls with no sign of dementia, individuals with mild cognitive impairment that remained stable over the two to three years for which scans were available, and those with mild cognitive impairment that progressed to Alzheimer's disease during the study.

Out of 3,635 people surveyed about their health and reading habits, bookworms were 20 percent less likely to die over the next 12 years — even after researchers controlled for factors such as gender, education, and cognitive ability.

• Help regulate oxygen uses and energy production • Important in nerve, muscle and cellular functions • Play a vital role in cognitive function, including memory and mood • Involved in regulation of metabolism, body temperature, blood sugar and insulin control, thyroid function, carbohydrate metabolism and control over hormonal processes • Lubricate joints and improve mineralization of bones • Help transport cholesterol • Improve digestion of the gut • Build the immune system and regulate inflammatory response • Can help direct the processes that stimulate fat breakdown and utilization • Helps regulate blood pressure

I was disappointed not to be benefiting from some of the upsides of the ketogenic diet, such as greater control over satiety and enhanced cognitive performance, however, I wasn't prepared to trade those off with a potential heart attack so I went back to the drawing board.

Good formative assessment gives students information they need to understand where they are in their learning (the cognitive factor) and develops students» feelings of control over their learning (the motivational factor).

Individuals with psychotic disorders might choose to forgo antipsychotic medication because of side effects.1 Over 40 randomised controlled trials (RCT) have demonstrated that cognitive behavioural therapy for psychosis (CBTp) is generally efficacious in improving symptoms, with small to medium effect sizes in individuals with psychotic disorders.2 It was unknown, until now, if individuals with psychotic disorders who were antipsychotic - free could tolerate CBTp and benefit from it.

Recent theoretical work suggests that bullying might arise out of early cognitive deficits — including language problems, imperfect causal understanding, and poor inhibitory control — that lead to decreased competence with peers, which over time develops into bullying.14, 15 A small number of studies provide circumstantial evidence that such a hypothesis might have merit7: 1 study found a link between poor early cognitive stimulation and (broadly defined) inappropriate school behavior, 16 and another found cognitive stimulation at age 3 years to be protective against symptoms of attention - deficit disorder at age 7 years.17 A study of Greek children found that academic self - efficacy and deficits in social cognition were related to bullying behavior.18 A large US national survey found that those who perceive themselves as having average or below - average academic achievement (as opposed to very good achievement) are 50 % to 80 % more likely to be bullies.8 Yet these studies are based on cross-sectional surveys, with the variables all measured at a single point in time.

I counsel from a faith based cognitive behavioral perspective to help you gain control over your thoughts and feelings and overcome the pain that life throws our way.»

They will learn cognitive and relaxation strategies that will help them create a plan to develop self control over their thoughts and actions.

So, on the one hand, overweighing rewards associated with certain activities, including gambling itself, can heighten mood and sometimes increase recklessness, consistent with reports that gambling behaviour has a mood regulatory purpose in affected individuals.4 On the other hand, failure to properly balance the impact of rewards and punishment, and the interdiction of cognitive biases including «illusions of control» over the outcomes of probabilistic processes5 may lead to behaviour with consequences that destabilise mood, worsen clinical condition, or increase the risk of relapse.

It is based on the hypothesis that inaccurate and unhelpful beliefs, ineffective coping behaviour, negative mood states, social problems, and pathophysiological processes all interact to perpetuate the illness.8 9 Treatment aims at helping patients to re-evaluate their understanding of the illness and to adopt more effective coping behaviours.7 8 9 An early uncontrolled evaluation of this type of treatment produced promising results in many patients but was unacceptable to some.10 Two subsequent controlled trials found cognitive behaviour therapy to offer no benefit over non-specific management.11 12 However, the form of cognitive behaviour therapy evaluated may have been inadequate.

Humanistic psychologist Carl Rogers believes that the use of laboratory experiments by cognitive psychology have low ecological validity and create an artificial environment due to the control over variables.

The mean relapse rate is 50 % at one year and over 70 % at four years.1 A recent prospective twelve year follow - up study showed that individuals with bipolar disorder were symptomatic for 47 % of the time.2 This poor outcome in naturalistic settings suggests an efficacy effectiveness gap for mood stabilisers that has resulted in a re-assessment of the role of adjunctive psychological therapies in bipolar disorder.3 Recent randomised controlled trials show that the combination of pharmacotherapy and about 20 — 25 sessions of an evidence - based manualised therapy such as individual cognitive behaviour therapy4 or family focused therapy5 may reduce relapse rates in comparison to a control intervention (mainly treatment as usual) in currently euthymic people with bipolar disorder.

Our finding that the severity of depressive symptoms was a significant but relatively smaller contributor to physical disability in this sample (after controlling for the possible effects of age, sex and duration of pain) is consistent with findings of some previous studies of patients with chronic pain, but not with some treatment studies, which found that depression level contributed to less significant improvement in pain - related disability.11, 27 It is not surprising that cognitive, pain and behavioural variables accounted for more physical disability than depressive symptoms but it is notable that social support (as measured by the MPI), sense of control over life, and catastrophising did not significantly contribute to physical disability.

The cognitive therapist provides techniques to give the client a greater degree of control over negative thinking by correcting «cognitive distortions» or correcting thinking errors that abet such distortions, in a process called cognitive restructuring.