Sentences with phrase «cognitive control processes»

Cognitive control processes in paranoia: the impact of threat induction on strategic cognition and self - focused attention

Effects of depression and past - year binge drinking on cognitive control processes during a flanker task in college - aged adults.

Two types of cognitive control processes play a large role: proactive and reactive.

Not exact matches

From the smell of flowers to the taste of wine, our perception is strongly influenced by prior knowledge and expectations, a cognitive process known as top - down control.

Accordingly, the anterior prefrontal cortex, i.e., the brain area controlling conscious cognitive processes and playing an important role in the capability of self - reflection, is larger in lucid dreamers.

That control lies with the brain's executive functions, processes that handle attention, inhibition, working memory and cognitive flexibility and are also involved in reasoning, problem - solving and planning.

Cognitive conflict processing is important because it controls attention — one of the most basic executive functions needed to complete a task or make a decision, notes Haley, who runs U of T's Parent - Infant Research Lab.

When people juggle several tasks simultaneously, they use so - called executive control processes, which prioritize different tasks and assign cognitive resources to them.

Wong hopes future research will address how sleep difficulties and deprivation may affect brain mechanisms, which in turn influence control of affect, cognitive processes, and behavior.

These experiments help to reveal the neurocircuitry that controls timing ability, and explain how this simple cognitive process is disrupted by a lack of dopamine.

We found that the neural reaction to pain in children of depressed mothers stops earlier than in controls, in an area related to socio - cognitive processing, so that children of depressed mothers seem to reduce mentalizing - related processing of others» pain, perhaps because of difficulty in regulating the high arousal associated with observing distress in others,» said Prof. Ruth Feldman, director of the Developmental Social Neuroscience Lab and the Irving B. Harris Early Childhood Community Clinic at Bar - Ilan University and lead author of the study.

BACKGROUND The anterior cingulate and several other prefrontal and parietal brain regions are implicated in error processing and cognitive control.

Research in the Brain Function Laboratory has made fundamental contributions to understanding the neural processes for cognitive control that enable flexible goal directed behaviors including the resolution of conflict.

The researchers used the fMRI scans to examine regions of the brain that are associated with auditory processing, pleasure and reward, and cognitive control.

This unique pattern may offer insights into cognitive dissociations that may be intrinsic to the creative process: the innovative, internally motivated production of novel material (at once rule based and highly structured) that can apparently occur outside of conscious awareness and beyond volitional control.

The results, which are published in the journal Cell, add to the understanding of how the brain's frontal lobes work and control behaviour.The frontal cortex of the brain plays a crucial part in cognitive functions, including everyday mental processes such as attention, memory, learning, decision - making and problem - solving.

Organizations such as the Heart - Math institute have enormous depths of free research and articles on the topic, but the basic idea is that your heart is a primary generator of rhythm in your body, and the heart can directly influence brain processes that control your nervous system, cognitive function and emotion.

• Help regulate oxygen uses and energy production • Important in nerve, muscle and cellular functions • Play a vital role in cognitive function, including memory and mood • Involved in regulation of metabolism, body temperature, blood sugar and insulin control, thyroid function, carbohydrate metabolism and control over hormonal processes • Lubricate joints and improve mineralization of bones • Help transport cholesterol • Improve digestion of the gut • Build the immune system and regulate inflammatory response • Can help direct the processes that stimulate fat breakdown and utilization • Helps regulate blood pressure

It also strengthens fine and gross motor coordination in children, improves their visual - motor and auditory processing, aides in the cognitive functions of sequencing and memory, and heightens body awareness and self - control.

The research interpretation of the fMRI and cognitive tests is that the ongoing evaluation and selection process in bilingual children exercises brain circuits which regulate attention control and block distraction.

In effect, executive attention functions as a control tower for guiding the brain's higher - level cognitive processes to land on specific tasks and information.

While a state of agitation and distraction impairs students» cognitive learning and memory processes, scientists have found the opposite to also be true; calm, stress - free classroom environments improve cognitive function and allow students greater ability for rational thoughts, creativity, and self - control (McCraty, 2005).

[27] ERP activity indicates that patients with amnesic mild cognitive impairment utilized frontal - lobe based memory processes to support successful recognition for pictures, which was similar to healthy controls, but not for words.

The Questionnaire for Aggressive Behavior of Children (FAVK) is a newly developed parent rating scale which assesses several factors of peer related aggression: (1) disturbance of social cognitive information processing, (2) disturbance of social problem solving and social skills, (3) disturbance of impulse control, and (4) disturbance of social interaction.

In her February 2014 Psychology Today article, «Gray Matters: Too Much Screen Time Damages the Brain,» Victoria L. Dunckley, M.D., references various neuroimaging studies that show «internet addiction is associated with structural and functional changes in brain regions involving emotional processing, executive attention, decision making, and cognitive control.»

The current work extends our previous preliminary study examining gender differences in motor response inhibition during the SST (Li et al. 2006a), specifically recruiting more men and women subjects in order to examine gender differences in the component processes of cognitive control.

We used functional magnetic resonance imaging to examine gender differences in the neural processes of cognitive control during a stop - signal task.

Moreover, heightened monitoring moderated relations between early behavioural inhibition and later anxiety disorders.49 Thus, like attention bias to threat, executive processes of inhibitory control and cognitive monitoring moderate child temperament towards heightened risk for anxiety.

Research also implicates a distributed network within the prefrontal cortex through which attention is deployed to closely monitor performance, incorporating feedback, as individuals then call on more specialized cognitive control mechanisms to modify subsequent behaviour.30 - 32 Anxiety related perturbations in this pattern are evident in both children33 and adults.34 Imaging studies have implicated the anterior cingulate cortex (ACC) in this process, as it appears to be hyperactive in anxious individuals during tasks requiring cognitive or «top down» control.35

Literature suggests that perturbations in both «bottom up» attention mechanisms and «top down» executive control processes may play a central role in the etiology and maintenance of anxiety.22 These perturbations extend to both emotionally charged and affectively neutral stimuli, reflecting both preferential treatment of specific categories of stimuli (i.e., bias to threat cues) and heightened vigilance of one's own performance and behaviour (i.e., cognitive monitoring).

With a little guidance and cognitive restructuring, together we can process these experiences and discover healthy coping skills to aid in regaining control of your life.»

Cognitive psychology focuses on the processes of thought, which are ultimately controlled by each person; that is, people can choose what they learn from their experiences, and that prior learning can be built upon.

Forty - two PSD patients and 43 rheumatic / orthopaedic control patients were presented with either positive or neutral emotionally evocative verbal and non-verbal film conditions and were assessed for related cognitive and emotional processing deficits.

It is classed as a cognitive schema that organizes abstract and concrete views about the self, and controls the processing of self - relevant information (Markus, 1977; Kihlstrom and Cantor, 1983).

Research on Dissociation suggests a link between dissociative symptoms and lowered activity in brain regions associated with emotional processing and memory (amygdala, hippocampus, parahippocampal gyrus, and middle / superior temporal gyrus), attention and awareness (insula), filtering sensations (thalamus), processing of information about self (precuneus), and cognitive control (lateral prefrontal cortices).

It is based on the hypothesis that inaccurate and unhelpful beliefs, ineffective coping behaviour, negative mood states, social problems, and pathophysiological processes all interact to perpetuate the illness.8 9 Treatment aims at helping patients to re-evaluate their understanding of the illness and to adopt more effective coping behaviours.7 8 9 An early uncontrolled evaluation of this type of treatment produced promising results in many patients but was unacceptable to some.10 Two subsequent controlled trials found cognitive behaviour therapy to offer no benefit over non-specific management.11 12 However, the form of cognitive behaviour therapy evaluated may have been inadequate.

In this model, the cognitive control system including prefrontal and parietal regions and the anterior cingulate is crucial to decision - making but is functionally dominated by a second affective system that includes regions which are important to processing reward and social and emotional salience, including but not limited to the amygdala, ventral striatum, orbitofrontal cortex, medial prefrontal cortex, and the superior temporal sulcus.

One possibility for these inconsistent prospective findings is that research has not examined perceived control within a diathesis - stress framework which may better examine the process with which a given cognitive vulnerability leads to depression.

The cognitive therapist provides techniques to give the client a greater degree of control over negative thinking by correcting «cognitive distortions» or correcting thinking errors that abet such distortions, in a process called cognitive restructuring.

Further, substance abusers are more likely to have greater sensitization and dysfunctional limbic system responses to negative affect and also exhibit greater connectivity between the limbic and PFC regions during emotional processing, but lower levels of connectivity during cognitive reappraisal and regulation tasks, indicative of poorer regulation of negative emotional experiences and less effective cognitive control [70].

Besides biologically co-determined disturbances of impulse control (inhibition) and empathy (callous - unemotional traits), psychosocial factors, especially family interactions and disturbance of social cognitive information processing, are important factors in the development of the disorder.

In parallel, recent decades have seen a growth of interest in how children's early academic abilities relate to parental behaviors, on the one hand, and children's emerging executive functions (EF — the suite of cognitive processes involved in the control of thoughts and actions)(Blair and Raver, 2015) on the other hand.

Preliminary evidence suggests that MBSR may influence the ability to exert cognitive control over negative rumination (Ramel et al., 2004), self - referential processes (Goldin et al., 2009c) and attention allocation and regulation (Slagter et al., 2008).