Sentences with phrase «cognitive mechanisms by»

The findings from these studies converge on the theme that attachment theory has considerable utility in potentially extending and refining current cognitive vulnerability models through a consideration of interpersonal context and the cognitive mechanisms by which negative interpersonal experiences may confer increased risk to later anxious and depressive symptoms.

Specifically, we cast trustworthiness perceptions as the cognitive mechanisms by which attachment influences trust, which then influenced work outcomes.

Not exact matches

Compartmentalization is an unconscious psychological defense mechanism used to avoid cognitive dissonance, or the mental discomfort and anxiety caused by a person's having conflicting values, cognitions, emotions, beliefs, etc. within themselves.

Physical punishment is associated with a range of mental health problems in children, youth and adults, including depression, unhappiness, anxiety, feelings of hopelessness, use of drugs and alcohol, and general psychological maladjustment.26 — 29 These relationships may be mediated by disruptions in parent — child attachment resulting from pain inflicted by a caregiver, 30,31 by increased levels of cortisol32 or by chemical disruption of the brain's mechanism for regulating stress.33 Researchers are also finding that physical punishment is linked to slower cognitive development and adversely affects academic achievement.34 These findings come from large longitudinal studies that control for a wide range of potential confounders.35 Intriguing results are now emerging from neuroimaging studies, which suggest that physical punishment may reduce the volume of the brain's grey matter in areas associated with performance on the Wechsler Adult Intelligence Scale, third edition (WAIS - III).36 In addition, physical punishment can cause alterations in the dopaminergic regions associated with vulnerability to the abuse of drugs and alcohol.37

«This gives us evidence of the mechanisms by which nutrition affects intelligence and motivates promising new directions for future research in nutritional cognitive neuroscience.»

«On the other hand, if these seemingly different abilities are carried out by overlapping cognitive mechanisms or brain areas, then experience with musical pitch processing should affect language pitch processing, and vice versa.»

By focusing on language, you may be focusing on the tool, not on the underlying mechanism, the cognitive architecture we have in our brain that helps us to communicate.»

A new study by Kessler Foundation scientists sheds light on the mechanisms underlying cognitive fatigue in individuals with multiple sclerosis.

The precise mechanisms by which gum disease may be linked to cognitive decline are not fully clear and other factors might also play a part in the decline seen in participants» cognition alongside their oral health.

«We believe that these severe responses are connected to a type of emotional / general cognitive strategy used by MS patients, possibly emerging as a mechanism to cope with their medical condition and the many challenges that are associated with it,» says Ezequiel Gleichgerrcht, a neurologist and researcher at the Medical University of South Carolina.

Her research studies, investigating the mechanisms of and treatments for cognitive dysfunction in the setting of epilepsy, have been funded by federal, foundation, and industry grants.

As an Associate Professor at OSU, my research has been concentrated in the areas of aging, neuroimmunology, and neurotrauma.Overall, my research aim is to determine the degree to which the bi-directional communication between the brain and the immune system is affected by age, stress, and traumatic CNS injury and to delineate the mechanism by which inflammatory cytokine pathways cause long - lasting complications (e.g., cognitive decline and depression).

«How cannabis causes paranoia: Using the intravenous administration of ∆ 9 - tetrahydrocannabinol (THC) to identify key cognitive mechanisms leading to paranoia» by Freeman et al. published in Schizophrenia Bulletin on Wednesday 16th July.

Moreover, PHENONIM - ICS is involved in European projects presenting a strong impact on human health: Interreg CARDIOGENE (Genetic mechanisms of cardiovascular diseases), GENCODYS (Genetic and epigenetic networks involved in cognitive dysfunctions), AgedBrainSYSBIO (Basic studies of brain aging), as well as projects in partnership with industry: MAGenTA (an Industrial Strategic Innovation project supported by Bpifrance about the treatment of major urogenital diseases) and CanPathPro (H2020 program), to develop a predictive modeling platform of signaling pathways involved in cancers.

Recently, a research team led by Dr. Cynthia A. Lemere of the Ann Romney Center for Neurologic Diseases at Brigham and Women's Hospital utilized C3 - deficient mice, B6; 129S4 - C3tm1Crr / J (003641) to investigate whether the C3 - mediated synaptic pruning mechanisms at work in the developing brain also contribute to cognitive decline in the aging brain.

It may amplify conditions and promote mechanisms which have a negative effect by «synergistically» worsening cognitive abilities in Alzheimer's patients.

Yoga research for individuals with PTSD is in the early stages, and more empirically rigorous studies are needed to understand the specific mechanisms (cognitive, emotional, behavioral, physiological, etc.) that might be affected by regular yoga practice, as well as yoga's direct effects on PTSD symptoms.

From this experience I noticed that small students has creative potential that integrates cognitive experience, operational and informational mechanisms triggered and sustained by the necessities of knowledge, self - expression, independence, cognitive attitude begins to crystallize.

Resilience research has identified several mechanisms by which protective and vulnerability factors operate to increase or decrease the probability of competence in contexts of adversity, respectively.11 As noted previously, sensitive caregiving engenders adaptive neurobiological, behavioural, and cognitive organization in early childhood.4, 8 Thus, positive relationships contribute to resilient adaptation by promoting resources, such as self - esteem, self - efficacy and coping capacities.

Childhood sexual abuse and childhood physical abuse are among the strongest predictors of psychiatric pathology and severity of clinical course, including suicide.2,4 - 14 The influence of childhood sexual abuse and childhood physical abuse on psychological development is thought to be mediated directly by changes in cognitive processing of threatening stimuli,15 - 18 resulting in enhanced negative affect to daily life stressors.19 Although there is a clear link between early - life adversity and psychopathology, very little is known about the molecular mechanisms responsible for the long - lasting behavioral consequences of childhood abuse.

The first 5 years of life are critical for the development of language and cognitive skills.1 By kindergarten entry, steep social gradients in reading and math ability, with successively poorer outcomes for children in families of lower social class, are already apparent.2 — 4 Early cognitive ability is, in turn, predictive of later school performance, educational attainment, and health in adulthood5 — 7 and may serve as a marker for the quality of early brain development and a mechanism for the transmission of future health inequalities.8 Early life represents a time period of most equality and yet, beginning with in utero conditions and extending through early childhood, a wide range of socially stratified risk and protective factors may begin to place children on different trajectories of cognitive development.9, 10

Children raised in families that experience multiple transitions do not consistently have higher levels of behavioral problems or lower test scores than do children in family types with one or fewer transitions, even when only child characteristics are controlled... Finally, maternal psychological well - being is shown to be an important mechanism by which family structure affects behavioral outcomes, but not cognitive ones.»

Familias Unidas aims to prevent drug use and risky sexual behavior by: (a) improving family functioning, (b) increasing parental monitoring of peer activities, and (c) influencing adolescent social cognitive mechanisms regarding unsafe sexual behavior (see Pantin et al., 2004; for more details about the intervention).

The Differential Amygdala Activation Model (DAAM)[12] is a recently developed model of amygdala function that has proposed a mechanism by which the subtle cognitive and emotional deficits characteristic of people with high CU traits, may develop.

These finding suggest that antisocial behaviour problems characterised by high levels of CU traits may have unique aetiological mechanisms associated with specific cognitive and affective impairments that are heavily dependent on genetics.

Given prior evidence linking these child care dimensions to behavioral and cognitive outcomes, these results suggest a policy - relevant mechanism by which family change may create inequalities among children.