Sentences with phrase «cognitive outcomes at»

CONCLUSIONS: Steep social gradients in cognitive outcomes at kindergarten are due to many factors.

To test the independent effects of television viewing in children before age 3 years and at ages 3 to 5 years on several measures of cognitive outcomes at ages 6 and 7 years.

Objective To test the independent effects of television viewing in children before age 3 years and at ages 3 to 5 years on several measures of cognitive outcomes at ages 6 and 7 years.

As expected, the responsiveness of the depressed mothers was generally poorer than that of the well controls; and when the nature of this early maternal interactive behaviour was considered, it was found to account for the differences in the cognitive outcome at 9 and 18 months of the depressed and well mothers» infants.6 14 The interactive style associated with the occurrence of depression, therefore, rather than exposure to depressive symptoms per se, carries the major explanatory force.

Not exact matches

Whileparticipation inseveral home visiting programs is effective at improving children's cognitive and behavioural outcomes (e.g., Early Head Start, The Nurse Family Partnership and The Infant Health and Developmental program), few home visiting programs have been able to significantly improve pregnancy outcomes and reductions in child maltreatment have been found for some models, but not for others.

The largest randomized trial of a comprehensive early intervention program for low - birth - weight, premature infants (birth to age three), the Infant Health and Development Program, included a home visiting component along with an educational centre - based program.7 At age three, intervention group children had significantly better cognitive and behavioural outcomes and improved parent - child interactions.

While we found a modest association of breastfeeding with verbal intelligence at age 3 years, neither of the other 2 preschool studies found an important association with cognitive outcomes (McCarthy General Cognitive Index21, 22 and PPVT - Revised22 at age cognitive outcomes (McCarthy General Cognitive Index21, 22 and PPVT - Revised22 at age Cognitive Index21, 22 and PPVT - Revised22 at age 4 years).

Poor nutrition during these critical growth and developmental periods places infants and children at risk of impaired emotional and cognitive development and adverse health outcomes.

«Outcomes that are novel, or eye - catching are generally seen as more attractive and competitive than those that are null or ambiguous,» putting researchers under much career pressure to produce attractive results, says Chris Chambers, a cognitive neuroscientist at Cardiff University in the United Kingdom who became one of the founders of the Registered Reports concept a couple of years ago, in the Royal Society's announcement.

While late - term gestation was associated with an increase in the rate of abnormal conditions at birth and with worse physical outcomes during childhood, it was also associated with better performance on all three measures of school - based cognitive functioning measures during childhood,» the study concludes.

«It will be valuable to learn whether improvements in earnings by families with pregnant women, improved maternal nutrition or reduced maternal stress — all factors associated with higher birth weight — also translate to better cognitive outcomes in childhood,» said Figlio, IPR faculty fellow and Orrington Lunt Professor of Education and Social Policy and of Economics at Northwestern's School of Education and Social Policy.

Researchers also contend that transplant outcomes can be further improved by identifying patients who are at high risk for certain complications, such as cognitive decline, or by employing post-transplant treatments to reduce their risk of relapse.

«Low - income children are at increased risk for developing cognitive delays, but the specific environmental and biological factors that influence these outcomes are less understood,» explains Melissa L. Sturge - Apple, assistant professor of psychology at the University of Rochester, who was part of the research team.

The primary outcome measured for the study was cognitive deterioration among patients who completed assessments at study entry and 3 months.

The original, randomized, open label study, which enrolled 20 outpatient men with cirrhosis and recurrent HE receiving standard - of - care (SOC) treatment, had previously reported that a single FMT enema after antibiotic pretreatment improved cognitive function at Day 20 and reduced HE episodes and hospitalizations over the following 5 months compared with SOC.1 The long - term outcomes of this study, which were presented today at The International Liver Congress ™ 2018 in Paris, France, demonstrated sustained and statistically significant reductions in the number of HE episodes and hospitalizations as well as improvements in cognitive function over 1 year in the men who received FMT compared with the control group.

«The risk of cognitive impairment should be considered when deciding whether or not to receive androgen deprivation therapy for prostate cancer,» said Brian Gonzalez, Ph.D., a postdoctoral fellow in the Health Outcomes and Behavior Program at Moffitt.

«We, and others, have shown healthy lifestyles and good cardiovascular health to be important for cognitive outcomes,» says lead author Archana Singh - Manoux, Ph.D., research director at the French National Institute of Health and Medical Research (INSERM), in Paris.

But getting back to its role in brain health, in 2007 researchers at the University of Wisconsin uncovered strong links between low levels of vitamin D in Alzheimer's patients and poor outcomes on cognitive tests.

In terms of evidence - based physiotherapy practice, cognitive - behavioural approaches for patients at high psychosocial risk are the recommended management to improve patient treatment outcomes.

In 35 U.S. states and at sites around the world, Dr. Wilson has led professional development for more than 60,000 educators and has presented at conferences with the Singapore Teachers» Union, Jamaica Teachers» Union, The Feuerstein Institute, Jerusalem, Israel, Hawker Brownlow Education (Australia), University of Cambridge (Implementation Science Conference), Leiden University, United Arab Emirates, American Educational Research Association, International Association for Cognitive Education and Psychology, American Association for Colleges of Teacher Education, National Association of School Psychologists, National Association of Federal Education Program Administrators, Title I, Center on Enhancing Early Learning Outcomes, Nova Southeastern University Conference on Global Leadership, Learning, and Research, ASCD, National Association of Elementary School Principals, National Association of Secondary School Principals, Learning Forward, and many others.

-LSB-...] Current research suggests that getting feedback right, establishing productive teacher - student relationships, reciprocal teaching and fostering meta - cognitive strategies to help students become better at learning are among the strategies for which there is a robust evidence base for improved outcomes.

But they maintain that these interventions should focus on noncognitive outcomes, such as social skills, work habits, and motivation, which are more malleable at that age than cognitive skills.

The factors that contribute to the outcome of the test are extremely variable: did the child sleep well, does the child receive support and assistance from the parents at home, is English spoken at home, is the child from a stable environment, does the child have proper nutrition for cognitive success, does the child have learning disabilities or challenges or suffer from test anxiety... and so on.

To be candid, if the real and potential benefits of providing legal advice include speed of service and reduced cost respectively, to achieve a positive outcome, which has ultimately come about via the use of sophisticated IT / AI at some point during the legal service / problem continuum, and as a legal buyer my main concern is the right result, quality, value for money and / or price (which remains the issue in many instances), and I know lawyers and law firms can now do the work quicker, smarter and more accurately using AI and cognitive computing technology, can I therefore expect my legal fees to be reduced?

The secondary pre-specified outcome for the CREDO trial was a change in cognitive function at 12 - month follow - up.

Existing SNHV trials show relatively modest effects (effect sizes of 0.2 — 0.4 SDs) for outcomes such as child mental health and behaviour, and cognitive and language development, from infancy to mid - childhood.19 While effect sizes of 0.25 — 0.3 SDs can be meaningful and impactful at the whole of population level, 59 targeted public health interventions such as SNHV include a cost and intensity such that larger effects in the short - to - medium term might be necessary to justify implementation at a population level.

Cannabis use can be a significant contributor to poor mental health, particularly when it begins at a young age.4, 5 The adverse mental health effects of cannabis use in the general population are increasingly recognised, including anxiety, depression, 6 — 8 psychotic disorders, 4, 9 — 12 dependence6, 7, 13 withdrawal14, 15 and cognitive impairment.16, 17 Starting to use cannabis before age 15 is associated with an increased likelihood of developing later psychotic disorders, increased risk of dependence, other drug use, and poor educational and psychosocial outcomes.5

The meta - analyses showed the most pronounced effect sizes for parent — child interaction and maternal sensitivity, whereas the effects on child behaviour and cognitive development were either small or not significant; however, small effect sizes can have meaningful impact on population - level outcomes.60 The non-significant outcomes for internalising and externalising behaviours were also small, but may be clinically relevant for large, at - risk populations.

Results of individual studies have suggested that some children who enter into intensive autism - specialized intervention services at young ages may show larger gains in terms of cognitive and adaptive functioning and early educational attainment than children who do not receive such services.2, — , 6 This research led to a reconceptualization of ASDs as a group of disorders marked by plasticity and heterogeneity and for which there was hope for better outcomes for some children who receive appropriate intervention.

He completed his predoctoral internship at the Center for Cognitive Therapy in Philadelphia, conducted the first comparative outcome study on what is now known as ACT as part of his dissertation under the supervision of ACT founder Steven Hayes, and has published both basic and applied research relating to rule - governance, experiential avoidance, and ACT for depression for more than twenty years.

An estimated 1,560 children died because of maltreatment, with the highest rates of victimization in the first year of life — 20.6 per 1,000 children.1 Research demonstrates that outcomes for children who survive child maltreatment (defined as neglect, abuse, or a combination of the two) are poor, with performance below national norms in a range of outcomes areas, including psychosocial and cognitive well - being and academic achievement.2, 3,4 The costs to society overall of these children not reaching their full potential and the lower than expected productivity of adult survivors of abuse are estimated at as much as $ 50 - 90 billion per year in the U.S. 5,6 These findings underscore the need for strategies to prevent child maltreatment in order to improve outcomes for children, families and communities.

Whileparticipation inseveral home visiting programs is effective at improving children's cognitive and behavioural outcomes (e.g., Early Head Start, The Nurse Family Partnership and The Infant Health and Developmental program), few home visiting programs have been able to significantly improve pregnancy outcomes and reductions in child maltreatment have been found for some models, but not for others.

Looking at outcome areas, twenty - one of the reports were concerned with subjects» scores on measures of cognitive and / or affective empathy.

Small size at birth is associated with a range of adverse health outcomes, 1 including poor cognitive development, 2 an effect that is largely unconfounded by features of the family environment, such as socioeconomic status and birth order.

These toxic stress - induced changes in brain structure and function mediate, at least in part, the well - described relationship between adversity and altered life - course trajectories (see Fig 1).4, 6 A hyper - responsive or chronically activated stress response contributes to the inflammation and changes in immune function that are seen in those chronic, noncommunicable diseases often associated with childhood adversity, like chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), cirrhosis, type II diabetes, depression, and cardiovascular disease.4, 6 Impairments in critical SE, language, and cognitive skills contribute to the fractured social networks often associated with childhood adversity, like school failure, poverty, divorce, homelessness, violence, and limited access to healthcare.4, 19,58 — 60 Finally, behavioral allostasis, or the adoption of potentially maladaptive behaviors to deal or cope with chronic stress, begins to explain the association between childhood adversity and unhealthy lifestyles, like alcohol, tobacco, and substance abuse, promiscuity, gambling, and obesity.4, 6,61 Taken together, these 3 general classes of altered developmental outcomes (unhealthy lifestyles, fractured social networks, and changes in immune function) contribute to the development of noncommunicable diseases and encompass many of the morbidities associated epidemiologically with childhood adversity.4, 6

Summary: (To include comparison groups, outcomes, measures, notable limitations) Participants who had been randomly assigned to receive a group cognitive - behavioral therapy (GCBT), individual cognitive - behavioral therapy (ICBT)[now called Coping Cat], or to a waitlist control group (WL) were re-assessed at one year post-treatment using the Anxiety Disorders Interview Schedule for Children (ADIS - C).

The mean relapse rate is 50 % at one year and over 70 % at four years.1 A recent prospective twelve year follow - up study showed that individuals with bipolar disorder were symptomatic for 47 % of the time.2 This poor outcome in naturalistic settings suggests an efficacy effectiveness gap for mood stabilisers that has resulted in a re-assessment of the role of adjunctive psychological therapies in bipolar disorder.3 Recent randomised controlled trials show that the combination of pharmacotherapy and about 20 — 25 sessions of an evidence - based manualised therapy such as individual cognitive behaviour therapy4 or family focused therapy5 may reduce relapse rates in comparison to a control intervention (mainly treatment as usual) in currently euthymic people with bipolar disorder.

A study of individual cognitive therapy for bipolar disorder showed positive outcomes at 1 - year follow - up, but the benefits were reduced over time, suggesting the need for booster sessions to sustain the gains.19 As with many forms of therapy, CBT has been found to be more successful in reducing relapse in the depressive pole compared with the manic pole.30 A large randomised trial of CBT showed no difference between CBT and treatment as usual, when all participants were included in the analyses.31 However, results of a post-hoc analysis suggested that CBT was effective for participants who reported fewer than 12 prior episodes of illness and were not acutely unwell when therapy began; numbers of episodes of mania rather than depression seemed to predict treatment response.32 Such data can help guide the clinical application of CBT for bipolar patients.

While cognitive outcomes (both naming vocabulary and picture similarities) at 34 months were significantly associated with maternal mental health, there was a less marked gradient compared with the other outcomes we examined.

By school entry, 43 — 47 % of Aboriginal children have markers of developmental vulnerability.12, 13 In 2009, the first - ever national census of childhood development at school entry showed that Aboriginal children were 2 — 3 times more likely than non-Aboriginal children to be developmentally vulnerable — defined as an Australian Early Development Census (AEDC) score below the 10th centile — on one or more domains.14 The Longitudinal Survey of Australian Children reported similar disparities for cognitive outcomes among Aboriginal children aged 4 — 5 years, although the number of Aboriginal children was very small and not representative of the Aboriginal population.15 There is currently a dearth of empirical research that identifies the drivers of positive early childhood health and development in Aboriginal children, or characterises vulnerable developmental trajectories.

Child outcomes in relation to their emotional, behavioural and inter-personal relationships with peers were assessed at age 46 months, while cognitive development was assessed at 34 months.

Yet, at - risk infants and toddlers often receive child care of such poor quality that it may actually diminish inborn potential and lead to poorer cognitive, social, and emotional - developmental outcomes.

Summary: (To include comparison groups, outcomes, measures, notable limitations) This study reports on Combined Parent - Child Cognitive - Behavioral Therapy (CPC - CBT) for families at risk for child abuse.

Summary: (To include comparison groups, outcomes, measures, notable limitations) This study compared the efficacy of two types of group cognitive behavioral therapy, Combined Parent - Child Cognitive Behavioral Therapy (CPC - CBT) and Parent - Only Cognitive - Behavioral Therapy (CBT), for treating the traumatized child and at - risk or offending parent in cases of child physiccognitive behavioral therapy, Combined Parent - Child Cognitive Behavioral Therapy (CPC - CBT) and Parent - Only Cognitive - Behavioral Therapy (CBT), for treating the traumatized child and at - risk or offending parent in cases of child physicCognitive Behavioral Therapy (CPC - CBT) and Parent - Only Cognitive - Behavioral Therapy (CBT), for treating the traumatized child and at - risk or offending parent in cases of child physicCognitive - Behavioral Therapy (CBT), for treating the traumatized child and at - risk or offending parent in cases of child physical abuse.

Pilot evaluation of outcomes of combined parent - child cognitive - behavioral group therapy for families at - risk for child physical abuse.

The primary outcome measure will be scores on the self - report version of the SDQ, a measure of psychopathology in young people with excellent psychometric properties25 and test — retest reliability.26 One previous pilot study has investigated the effect of cognitive training on psychopathology in at - risk young people using the SDQ.19 According to this study, there was a between - group effect size of 0.36 for the SDQ.

In the early 1990s, Dr. Ludgate was a Research Clinical Psychologist at the University of Oxford in England and served as cognitive therapist in several outcome studies of panic disorder, agoraphobia, social phobia and hypochondriasis.

Clinician or patient reported cognitive outcomes include: • Measures of self - efficacy, barriers, goals, outcome expectation and physical activity at baseline and follow up.

A long - term study of cognitive behaviour therapy versus relaxation therapy evaluated outcome at 5 - year follow - up.

Moreover, the studies that meet or come close to meeting even Professor Nock's tendentious standards find at least equal parenting skills and child development outcomes in all of the areas of mental health and social and cognitive development with which the courts might reasonably be concerned.