Sentences with phrase «cognitive outcomes of»

The Next Generation project provides evidence that income does have a positive impact on cognitive outcomes of very young children (2 - 5), as well as on their behaviour, health, and family well - being.

Cosmetic and cognitive outcomes of positional plagiocephaly treatment.

The researchers concluded that «there is evidence to indicate that father engagement positively affects the social, behavioral, psychological and cognitive outcomes of children.»

As he writes in the book, «We were frankly skeptical that literacy or any other cognitive outcome of schooling could account for the impact of schooling on the maternal behavior that led to diminished fertility and mortality.

Two studies have reported on the cognitive outcome of 12 to 18 month old infants of mothers who had had a postnatal depression.

Not exact matches

New Evidence on How Skills Influence Human Capital Acquisition and Early Labor Market Return to Human Capital between Canada and the United States Steven F. Lehrer, Queen's University and NBER Michael Kottelenberg, Huron University College Lehrer and Kottelenberg analyze the roles played by cognitive and non-cognitive skills in educational attainment and early labor market outcomes using the Youth in Transition Survey from Canada and earlier results from a study of the National Longitudinal Survey of Youth in the United States.

Whatever their differences, they are not bewitched by modern uniqueness: they hold that the basic processes of the linguistic, social and cognitive construction of reality and experience are much the same in all times and places, however varied the outcomes.

Program: the feeling and the cognitive side of life are sterile until they find an outcome in action.

This is true of developmental as well as cross-cultural psychology, in that the basic research strategy is to search for the influence of broad classes of experience (e.g., culture, SES, age, gender) that influence broad classes of individual outcome (e.g., IQ, personality, cognitive level).

These outcomes include reducing the welfare caseload; employing former welfare recipients; increasing incomes for the poor and near poor; improving the cognitive, physical and social development of children; reducing out - of - wedlock births; improving health care for low - income residents; and bolstering job stability and advancement.

«While we can't make a direct link between higher caffeine consumption and lower incidence of cognitive impairment and dementia, with further study, we can better quantify its relationship with cognitive health outcomes.

Loss of consciousness, concussion history and acute symptom group did not substantially affect symptom, cognitive or balance outcomes.

Most often I search for research supporting the positive emotional, moral, cognitive and societal outcomes of this education.

Those outcomes were: «low moral internalization, aggression, antisocial behavior, externalizing behavior problems, internalizing behavior problems, mental health problems, negative parent - child relationships, impaired cognitive ability, low self - esteem, and risk of physical abuse from parents.»

Another strength is that our results provide a more complete assessment of socioeconomic inequalities in breastfeeding rates, by estimating both relative and absolute inequalities, than common practice in inequality assessments.23 Finally, our study analysed effects of the intervention not only on an immediate, direct outcome (breastfeeding) but also on a long - term consequence of breastfeeding (child cognitive ability) that is associated with important health and behavioural outcomes in later life.27

The pervasive associations found between breastfeeding and measures of cognitive ability and academic achievement were, in part, explained by the fact that the outcomes described in Table 1 were all significantly correlated.

These measures were chosen on the basis of being known to be associated with the mother's breastfeeding history and / or with the cognitive and academic outcomes.

There are, nonetheless, a number of issues about the associations between breastfeeding and cognitive outcomes that require clarification.

In this chapter, we focus on the effectiveness of home visiting programs in promoting developmental, cognitive, and school readiness outcomes in children.

Given the correlations between cognitive ability and academic achievement throughout childhood and into young adulthood, it is evident that if breastfeeding is associated with one of these outcomes, it is likely to be associated with others.

Children of depressed mothers, including those with subclinical depression, may experience a range of negative outcomes including developmental delays, cognitive impairments, and attachment insecurity.

The largest randomized trial of a comprehensive early intervention program for low - birth - weight, premature infants (birth to age three), the Infant Health and Development Program, included a home visiting component along with an educational centre - based program.7 At age three, intervention group children had significantly better cognitive and behavioural outcomes and improved parent - child interactions.

Over the period from 8 to 18 years, sample members were assessed on a range of measures of cognitive and academic outcomes including measures of child intelligence quotient; teacher ratings of school performance; standardized tests of reading comprehension, mathematics, and scholastic ability; pass rates in school leaving examinations; and leaving school without qualifications.

Thus, although improving the economic status of families promotes more positive outcomes for children's cognitive development and academic achievement, direct services and therapeutic interventions may be a comparatively more promising alternative for improving children's psychosocial development and reducing behaviour problems.

Breastfeeding has many benefits that include protecting the baby against inflammatory diseases of the gut, lungs or ears, and longer term health problems such as diabetes and obesity, improved cognitive outcomes, and protecting the mother against breast cancer.

A variety of studies suggest that fathers» engagement positively impacts their children's social competence, 27 children's later IQ28 and other learning outcomes.29 The effects of fathers on children can include later - life educational, social and family outcomes.1, 2,26 Children may develop working models of appropriate paternal behaviour based on early childhood cues such as father presence, 30,31 in turn shaping their own later partnering and parenting dynamics, such as more risky adolescent sexual behaviour32 and earlier marriage.33 Paternal engagement decreases boys» negative social behaviour (e.g., delinquency) and girls» psychological problems in early adulthood.34 Fathers» financial support, apart from engagement, can also influence children's cognitive development.35

While we found a modest association of breastfeeding with verbal intelligence at age 3 years, neither of the other 2 preschool studies found an important association with cognitive outcomes (McCarthy General Cognitive Index21, 22 and PPVT - Revised22 at age cognitive outcomes (McCarthy General Cognitive Index21, 22 and PPVT - Revised22 at age Cognitive Index21, 22 and PPVT - Revised22 at age 4 years).

For other cognitive outcomes, associations with breastfeeding duration were not appreciably stronger among children of women who consumed more fish.

By design, that study minimized confounding by measured and unmeasured factors; however, nonblinding of clinicians assessing the cognitive outcomes to participant breastfeeding status suggests the potential for bias.

Table 3 summarizes the effect of covariate adjustment on estimated relationships between breastfeeding duration and child cognitive outcomes.

These findings are all consistent with the growing body of literature on the impact of adverse childhood experiences on neurological, cognitive, emotional and social development, as well as physical health.38 Although some studies have found no relation between physical punishment and negative outcomes, 35 and others have found the relation to be moderated by other factors, 12 no study has found physical punishment to have a long - term positive effect, and most studies have found negative effects.17

Many epidemiologic studies consistently show that breastfeeding not only provides optimal bio-avaiable nutrients, but also protects against diarrhoeal, respiratory and other diseases [11][12][13][14], including the non-communicable disease of obesity in later life [15][16][17] and leads to improved cognitive and psychosocial outcomes [18][19][20].

To examine whether the effects of breastfeeding varied for boys and girls, the analyses were extended to include tests of interactions between gender and measures of breastfeeding in their effects on cognitive and educational outcomes.

Nonetheless, in 10 of the 12 models, fitted duration of breastfeeding remained a significant predictor of later cognitive or educational outcomes.

Poor nutrition during these critical growth and developmental periods places infants and children at risk of impaired emotional and cognitive development and adverse health outcomes.

This is in spite of the wealth of evidence that poverty can devastate children's life chances by damaging their cognitive, emotional and social development, physical and mental health, and educational outcomes.

The study has sparked interest in what its authors call «cognitive epidemiology,» the study of associations between mental ability tests and health outcomes.

CAM - S scores displayed a strong association with all clinical outcomes including length of hospital stay, nursing home placement, functional and cognitive decline, death, and hospital and post-hospital costs.

«Outcomes that are novel, or eye - catching are generally seen as more attractive and competitive than those that are null or ambiguous,» putting researchers under much career pressure to produce attractive results, says Chris Chambers, a cognitive neuroscientist at Cardiff University in the United Kingdom who became one of the founders of the Registered Reports concept a couple of years ago, in the Royal Society's announcement.

To be included in the review, studies had to measure psychosocial, physical and / or cognitive outcomes associated with formal volunteering — such as happiness, physical health, depression, cognitive functioning, feelings of social support and life satisfaction.

Continued investigation of this research may have strong implications for policy makers, public health professionals and school administrators to consider simple and sustainable environmental changes in classrooms that can effectively increase energy expenditure and physical activity as well as enhance cognitive development and education outcomes.

While late - term gestation was associated with an increase in the rate of abnormal conditions at birth and with worse physical outcomes during childhood, it was also associated with better performance on all three measures of school - based cognitive functioning measures during childhood,» the study concludes.

Late - term infants outperformed full - term infants in all three cognitive dimensions (higher average test scores in elementary and middle school, a 2.8 percent higher probability of being gifted, and a 3.1 percent reduced probability of poor cognitive outcomes) compared to full - term infants.

While the treatment did have some favorable effects, in the main measure of outcome — measured with a cognitive test called the Alzheimer's Disease Assessment Scale - cognitive subscale — the researchers did not observe any statistically significant benefit compared with placebo.

«We saw a clear distinction: non-elective admissions drive the association between hospitalization and long - term changes in cognitive function in later life, while elective admissions do not necessarily carry the same risk of negative cognitive outcomes,» James said.

«It will be valuable to learn whether improvements in earnings by families with pregnant women, improved maternal nutrition or reduced maternal stress — all factors associated with higher birth weight — also translate to better cognitive outcomes in childhood,» said Figlio, IPR faculty fellow and Orrington Lunt Professor of Education and Social Policy and of Economics at Northwestern's School of Education and Social Policy.

«We argue that across your lifespan, you go from «broad learning» (learning many skills as an infant or child) to «specialized learning,» (becoming an expert in a specific area) when you begin working, and that leads to cognitive decline initially in some unfamiliar situations, and eventually in both familiar and unfamiliar situations,» Wu said.In the paper, Wu argues that if we reimagine cognitive aging as a developmental outcome, it opens the door for new tactics that could dramatically improve the cognitive health and quality of life for aging adults.

Researchers also contend that transplant outcomes can be further improved by identifying patients who are at high risk for certain complications, such as cognitive decline, or by employing post-transplant treatments to reduce their risk of relapse.

«Low - income children are at increased risk for developing cognitive delays, but the specific environmental and biological factors that influence these outcomes are less understood,» explains Melissa L. Sturge - Apple, assistant professor of psychology at the University of Rochester, who was part of the research team.

And why, if physicians» cognitive pitfalls are so predictable and the benefit of measuring outcomes so compelling, can't our vaunted medical schools (including Harvard) simply teach success?