According to the study, which tested participants in a controlled office environment under a range of conditions, an increase in CO2 intensity of 400 ppm (parts per million) can impair people's
cognitive scores by an average 21 per cent.
Not exact matches
Breastfed children had higher mean
scores on tests of
cognitive ability; performed better on standardized tests of reading, mathematics, and scholastic ability; were rated as performing better in reading and mathematics
by their class teachers; had higher levels of achievement in school - leaving examinations; and less often left school without educational qualifications.
He argued that although the drugs make little difference in patients» lives — improving
cognitive test
scores by only 4 percent — doctors choose to medicate them anyway because it's easy.
Students of teachers using
Cognitive Tutor, a computer - based curriculum for Algebra I students developed
by Carnegie Mellon University researchers, for a second year showed a meaningful improvement in test
scores.
This might account for the fact that the gap in higher
cognitive ability has closed
by the time both groups of children had reached the age of 11 with only slightly better
scores for artificially conceived children at this later stage.»
Some patients with MCI will actually have improved cognition after a year or two, if their
cognitive test
scores were brought down
by an acute illness that gets addressed.»
A 2002 study conducted
by researchers at the Indiana University School of Medicine found that elderly patients who consumed the highest levels of selenium had higher
cognitive test
scores than those who consumed the lowest levels of the element.
The analysis of 121 people found that those with lower vitamin B12 levels
scored worse on
cognitive tests, and had smaller brain volumes as revealed
by MRI scans.
The participants selected had to have similar physical ability, assessed with the activities of daily living (ADL)
score, and normal
cognitive function or only mild
cognitive disturbance as defined
by a Mini-Mental State Examination > 20 (18).
Increased cardiovascular fitness, as measured
by Wmax / kg
by using an ergometer cycle, was associated with better
cognitive scores at age 18 y.
And the evidence on the importance of teacher academic proficiency generally suggests that effectiveness in raising student test
scores is associated with strong
cognitive skills as measured
by SAT or licensure test
scores, or the competitiveness of the college from which teachers graduate.
Do schools that succeed in raising test
scores do so
by improving their students» underlying
cognitive capacities?
Despite decades of relying on standardized test
scores to assess and guide education policy and practice, surprisingly little work has been done to connect these measures of learning with the measures developed over a century of research
by cognitive psychologists studying individual differences in cognition.
• Each year of attendance at an oversubscribed charter school increased the math test
scores of students in the sample
by 13 percent of a standard deviation, a roughly 50 percent increase over the progress typical students make in a school year, but had no impact on their fluid
cognitive skills.
Updating his findings, McLanahan and Jencks report that «A father's absence lowers children's educational attainment, not
by altering their
scores on
cognitive tests, but
by disrupting their social and emotional adjustment and reducing their ability or willingness to exercise self - control.»
By following these two steps, we were able to aggregate all available
scores for each country into measures of average
cognitive skill levels for each country.
Through the 1960s, African - Americans earned much less than whites — even when their
cognitive abilities (as measured
by test
scores) were similar.
Using data from a variety of sources, including the National Longitudinal Survey of Youth, the High School and Beyond study, and the National Longitudinal Study of the High School Class of 1972, Jacobsen and his colleagues at Mathematica essentially confirm Neal and Johnson's findings, providing additional evidence that most of the remaining wage gap is due to differences in
cognitive skills, as measured
by test
scores.
An enhanced educational experience could lead to enriched
cognitive abilities, as measured
by test
scores, and higher standards of living, as measured
by political and economic freedom indices.
``... The unexamined believe that test
scores describe some form of reality about learning is creating a national crisis,» reads «
Cognitive Capital: Investing in Teacher Quality,» a book
by Arthur Costa, Robert Garmston and Diane Zimmerman.
Moreover, a new statement
by the American Statistical Association reminds us that ranking teachers based on test
scores does not even work for measuring their effect on
cognitive skills.
Developed through decades of research
by leading language and
cognitive scientists, Pearson's automated
scoring engines provide consistent, accurate, and timely feedback on automated tests.
The challenges presented
by deficiencies in
cognitive function, emotional issues, and poverty are significant and must be recognized
by leaders who are determined to continually compare test
scores.
These are not fit for purpose because primary schools admitting poorer and less able pupils are forced
by market pressures and invalid OfSTED judgements to inflate their
scores through the use of behaviourist cramming and other teaching methods that do not result in deep learning and
cognitive growth.
by instrumenting for
cognitive (noncognitive)
scores with the interaction of program quality and treatment status
There have even been studies
by Aline and Robert Kidd that show youngsters from pet - loving families
score higher in
cognitive, social, and motor development.
The Climate Progress article refers to an article published in Environmental Health Perspectives: Associations of
Cognitive Function
Scores with Carbon Dioxide, Ventilation, and Volatile Organic Compound Exposures in Office Workers: A Controlled Exposure Study of Green and Conventional Office Environments;
by Joseph G. Allen, Piers MacNaughton, Usha Satish, Suresh Santanam, Jose Vallarino1, and John D. Spengler.
The AEDC data are collected
by teachers who complete an online checklist for each child in their first year of formal full - time school (∼ 5 years old) covering the five ECD areas previously noted of physical development, social competence, emotional maturity, language, and
cognitive development (eg, academic learning), and general knowledge and communication.17 Children are
scored on each of these domains, and categorised as «developmentally vulnerable» (≤ 10th centile), «developmentally at risk» (between 10th and 25th centiles) and «developmentally on track» (≥ 25th centile) 17 Children who are developmentally at risk on one or more ECD domain (ie, DV1) is typically reported in AEDC publications.
For example, Brent et al19 reported that in the absence of maternal depression,
cognitive behavioral therapy was more effective for adolescents with major depression than either systematic behavioral family therapy or nondirective supportive therapy; the efficacy of
cognitive behavioral therapy was mitigated
by the presence of maternal depressive symptoms (ie, mothers with Beck Depression Inventory
scores > 9 vs ≤ 9).
As we discuss below, one recent study found that family stability trumps family structure as it pertains to early
cognitive development even after controlling for economic and parental resources.26 It has been shown that children living in stable single - parent families (that is, families that were headed
by a single parent throughout childhood) do better than those living in unstable two - parent families (that is, families that had two parents present initially but then experienced a change in family structure).27 Another study finds that children living in stable cohabiting homes (that is, families where two parents cohabit throughout the child's life) do just as well as children living with cohabiting parents who eventually marry.28 But other research challenges the conclusion that it is family stability that is crucial for child wellbeing One study, for instance, found that children who experience two or more family transitions do not have worse behavioral problems or
cognitive test
scores than children who experience only one or no family transitions.
Cognitive problems were predicted
by high stressor and negative coping
scores and low positive personality
scores.
These investigators, along with Dahl & Lochner [15], found a $ 1,000 increase in family income raised children's
cognitive outcomes, such as math and reading test
scores by 6 % of a standard deviation.
Children raised in families that experience multiple transitions do not consistently have higher levels of behavioral problems or lower test
scores than do children in family types with one or fewer transitions, even when only child characteristics are controlled... Finally, maternal psychological well - being is shown to be an important mechanism
by which family structure affects behavioral outcomes, but not
cognitive ones.»
Many studies show that
cognitive gains for children who attended high - quality preschool last into early elementary school and adolescence, while others have identified a convergence of achievement
scores between children who attended high - quality pre-K and those who did not
by third grade.
Those NICHD SECCYD children whose families were always poor
scored lower on measures of academic, language, and
cognitive performance, and were rated
by their teachers as having more adjustment problems than other children throughout the early elementary grades.
By school entry, 43 — 47 % of Aboriginal children have markers of developmental vulnerability.12, 13 In 2009, the first - ever national census of childhood development at school entry showed that Aboriginal children were 2 — 3 times more likely than non-Aboriginal children to be developmentally vulnerable — defined as an Australian Early Development Census (AEDC)
score below the 10th centile — on one or more domains.14 The Longitudinal Survey of Australian Children reported similar disparities for
cognitive outcomes among Aboriginal children aged 4 — 5 years, although the number of Aboriginal children was very small and not representative of the Aboriginal population.15 There is currently a dearth of empirical research that identifies the drivers of positive early childhood health and development in Aboriginal children, or characterises vulnerable developmental trajectories.
Interestingly, credit
scores did not simply act as a proxy for income; instead, the link between credit
scores and cardiovascular disease risk was largely explained
by study members» level of human capital: their educational attainment,
cognitive ability, and self - control.
Changes in depressive symptoms, rumination,
cognitive reactivity, mindfulness skills, and self - compassion from pre to post treatment, grouped
by the mean teacher competence
score from lowest to highest.
Each test was made generation - fair for G2
by replacing outdated words such as «muslin» with words of comparable difficulty.5 For each generation,
scores from these tests were standardized to a mean of 0 and a standard deviation of 1, summed to create a total
score representing overall
cognitive ability at 8 years, then re-standardized.
Studies suggest that breastfed children are significantly less likely than are their bottle - fed peers to be obese; develop asthma; have autoimmune diseases, such as Type 1 diabetes; and be diagnosed with childhood cancers.7 Moreover, infant feeding practices appear to be associated with
cognitive ability during childhood: Full - term infants who are breastfed, as opposed to bottle - fed,
score three to six points higher on IQ tests.8 Family support providers can influence the initiation and continuation of breastfeeding
by promoting, teaching, and supporting nursing; states can maximize potential benefits
by tracking how many mothers start and continue breastfeeding for at least three months.
Standardised beta (β) coefficients from the regression of G1 parenting practices on G2 offspring
cognitive ability z -
scores by parenting behaviour