Sentences with phrase «cold atmospheric temperatures»

Even if storms are absent, the cold atmospheric temperatures of winter chill the surface layers of the ocean.

Not exact matches

«If you just stop emitting cold turkey, the temperature drops a little, but it doesn't drop too much,» says MIT atmospheric scientist Susan Solomon.

Colder temperatures and weaker high - altitude winds may make the arctic polar vortex even more intense in future winters and trigger greater ozone loss, says atmospheric scientist Paul Newman of NASA's Goddard Space Flight Center in Greenbelt, Maryland, although the losses probably won't approach those in Antarctica.

For their part, though, global warming skeptics such as atmospheric physicist Fred Singer maintain that cold weather snaps are responsible for more human deaths than warm temperatures and heat waves.

Wondering how that cold spell compares to recent times, atmospheric scientists Susan Solomon of the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration's Aeronomy Laboratory in Boulder, Colorado, and Chuck Stearns of the University of Wisconsin, Madison, tracked the average monthly temperatures over the last 15 years at a series of four automated weather stations located, by coincidence, along Scott's return route.

Hubble observations of the planet's atmospheric temperature profile represent the first time astronomers have detected this precipitation process, called a «cold trap,» on an exoplanet.

And it finds that, while this winter's unusually strong Arctic Oscillation - which funnels cold northern air to the East Coast and pulls warm mid-latitude air up to the Arctic - is predicted as atmospheric carbon dioxide levels rise, seasonal temperature anomalies associated with it aren't enough to blunt long - term warming trends.

The temperature gradient creates atmospheric circulation, which transports heat from areas of equatorial excess to the cold polar regions.

But unlike the lower glaciers, most of the high glaciers are located in very cold environments and require greater amounts of atmospheric warming before local temperatures rise enough to cause significant melting.

CO2 is more soluble in colder than in warmer waters; therefore, changes in surface and deep ocean temperature have the potential to alter atmospheric CO2.

Because the average surface temperature of Mars is colder than -80 °F and the atmospheric pressure is 6 — 10 mbar, liquid water would quickly freeze on Mars.

As the outer atmospheric layers above this point continue to get colder as the column optical depth of the slab is increased, the temperature profile within the slab will appear to «pivot» about the TAU = 1 point.

Accordingly, as the optical depth is cranked up, a temperature gradient will be established within the atmospheric layer as the layer bottom temperature Tb becomes hotter than the layer mean temperature, and the layer top temperature Tt becomes colder than the layer mean.

This simple radiative example (convective transport is not being allowed) shows that any finite surface temperature Ts can be supported in radiative equilibrium with any arbitrarily cold «upper atmosphere» temperature Tt, by prescribing the appropriate LW opacity TAU for the atmospheric layer, with the energy required to maintain a fixed Ts adjusted accordingly.

Starting with zero atmospheric LW absorption, adding any small amount cools the whole atmopshere towards a skin temperature and warms the surface — tending to produce a troposphere (the forcing at any level will be positive, and thus will be positive at the tropopause; it will increase downward toward the surface if the atmosphere were not already as cold as the skin temperature, thus resulting in atmospheric cooling toward the skin temperature; cooling within the troposphere will be balanced by convective heating from the surface at equilibrium, with that surface + troposphere layer responding to tropopause - level forcing.)

Then the atmospheric temperature starts dropping and, because the thermal capacity of the water is much greater than that of the air, we soon reach the point where the water temperature is greater than the air temperature, even if it was colder to start with.

Subsequently it was shown variation was due to a combination of variation in UV, extremely cold temperatures, formation of polar stratospheric clouds (PSC) and intense atmospheric circulation.

You could argue to use 288 K as a global mean surface temperature which gives about 6.5 percent, or colder temperatures still, reflecting atmospheric temperatures where the RH remains fixed.

If I have the physics right, there is more moisture in the air during hot global temperatures, and lower atmospheric moisture during times of colder global temperatures.

Because hurricane caused flooding was more prevalent during the Little Ice Age when Atlantic temperatures averaged 1 to 2 degrees F colder than today researchers concluded, «The frequent occurrence of major hurricanes in the western Long Island record suggests that other climate phenomena, such as atmospheric circulation, may have been favorable for intense hurricane development despite lower sea surface temperatures.»

Anyway, today we try to explain the exact opposite: how northern hemisphere ice ages can quite suddenly weaken — at least in case of the last one, which had its cold peak around 18,000 years ago, after which atmospheric CO2 levels «suddenly» (over a millennium or so) rose by 30 per cent, and temperatures started to climb closer * to our current Holocene values.

«The authors write that «the El Niño - Southern Oscillation (ENSO) is a naturally occurring fluctuation,» whereby «on a timescale of two to seven years, the eastern equatorial Pacific climate varies between anomalously cold (La Niña) and warm (El Niño) conditions,» and that «these swings in temperature are accompanied by changes in the structure of the subsurface ocean, variability in the strength of the equatorial easterly trade winds, shifts in the position of atmospheric convection, and global teleconnection patterns associated with these changes that lead to variations in rainfall and weather patterns in many parts of the world,» which end up affecting «ecosystems, agriculture, freshwater supplies, hurricanes and other severe weather events worldwide.»»

The variability in atmospheric temperature, rainfall and biology has its origin in the volume of cold water rising off California and in the equatorial Pacific.

In cold or snow - dominated river basins, atmospheric temperature increases do not only affect freshwater ecosystems via the warming of water (see Chapter 4) but also by causing water - flow alterations.

It will always come back to the fact that, nominally, it's all about the Sun — e.g., Farmers Almanac is predicting another cold wet winter despite the increase over the years in the amount of atmospheric CO2: No region will see prolonged spells of above - normal temperatures; only near the West and East Coasts will temperatures average close to normal.

As the earth continues to recover from the abnormally cold conditions of the centuries - long Little Ice Age, warmer temperatures, improving soil moisture, and more abundant atmospheric carbon dioxide have helped bring about a golden age for global agricultural production.

But if ENSO and other variations bring cold water to the surface, reducing atmospheric heating, air temperatures will then drop.

The ocean temperatures are thus imperative to the regulation of the atmospheric temperatures in any part of the world: «without the ocean, the Earth would be unbearably hot during the daylight hours and frigidly cold, if not frozen, at night».

The first hiatus followed 1940, indeed atmospheric temperatures actually fell until 1970 as the still cold sea surface dragged atmospheric temperature down,.

Similarly, a La Nina cooling effect (the cold tap) can moderate, offset, or even more than offset the warming effect of an increase in atmospheric CO2 (the hot tap) on global (the tub) temperature.

Science News - January 23, 2002 Antarctica is getting colder... For years, many climatologists have been predicting that world temperatures will rise because of atmospheric buildup of greenhouse gases released by human activities.

[99] The atmospheric concentration of vapor is highly variable and depends largely on temperature, from less than 0.01 % in extremely cold regions up to 3 % by mass in saturated air at about 32 °C.

First, warm air holds more water vapor than cold air — and the rising air temperatures since the 1970s have caused the atmospheric water vapor content to rise as well.