Individually, both supermassive black holes and
colliding galaxy clusters are among the most powerful phenomena in the universe, but they had never been observed clearly linked together.
Then two massive
colliding galaxy clusters in the constellation Carina caught the attention of Marusa Bradac of the Kavli Institute at Stanford University and her colleagues, who saw this cosmic smashup as a chance to watch dark matter in action.
Not exact matches
GALACTIC QUARTET The way invisible dark matter warped the light from distant
galaxies, shown here as the swirl of material surrounding four giant
galaxies in
cluster Abell 3827 (seen in this Hubble Space Telescope photograph), suggested that dark matter can separate from stars when
galaxies collide.
The research, also posted online at arXiv.org, negates an earlier finding that stars were separated from their dark matter in Abell 3827, a
cluster including four
colliding galaxies about 1.3 billion light - years from Earth (SN: 5/16/15, p. 10).
The center of the
cluster contains four
colliding galaxies (yellow blobs).
Further observations by lead researcher Cheng - Jiun Ma provided the critical clue: The temperatures of the constituent gas clouds — whose collective mass far outweighs the
galaxies — suggested that the researchers were looking at multiple
clusters colliding.
The astronomers observed an object called 1E0657 - 556, which was produced by two
galaxy clusters that
collided with one another 100 million years ago at 4700 kilometres per second.
Astronomers using observations from the NASA / ESA Hubble Space Telescope and NASA's Chandra X-ray Observatory have studied how dark matter in
clusters of
galaxies behaves when the
clusters collide.
The
galaxies passed far enough apart not to hit, but the hot gas (pink) in between them
collided and pooled on the trailing ends of each
cluster.
They are then reaccelerated by shock waves that propagate in the
galaxy cluster when it
collides with another
cluster,» Andrade - Santos told.
Because
clusters collide faster than
galaxies, however, there is less time for dark matter to interact and drag behind, so the two findings are not contradictory.
A study of 72 large
cluster collisions shows how dark matter in
galaxy clusters behaves when they
collide.
Here are images of six different
galaxy clusters taken with NASA's Hubble Space Telescope (blue) and Chandra X-ray Observatory (pink) in a study of how dark matter in
clusters of
galaxies behaves when the
clusters collide.
In an effort to learn more about dark matter, astronomers observed how
galaxy clusters collide with each other — an event that could hold clues about the mysterious invisible matter that makes up most of the mass of the universe.