Over all, the directives reinforce an idea I've been exploring for many years now, in the paper (see the «Big Melt» series), our prize - winning «Arctic Rush» documentary, and my prize - winning Times book, «The North Pole Was Here» — essentially,
the combination of a warming climate and rising thirst for oil and gas and shipping routes guarantees that the Arctic Ocean of our history and lore, an untouched, forbidding frontier, is now really history.
Not exact matches
While the findings clearly show that most Brits think the
climate is
warming, only 31 %
of the people surveyed thought that this was caused mostly or entirely by human activity; 47 %
of the people polled think that a
combination of natural processes and human activity are to blame.
However, satellite observations are notably cooler in the lower troposphere than predicted by
climate models, and the research team in their paper acknowledge this, remarking: «One area
of concern is that on average... simulations underestimate the observed lower stratospheric cooling and overestimate tropospheric
warming... These differences must be due to some
combination of errors in model forcings, model response errors, residual observational inhomogeneities, and an unusual manifestation
of natural internal variability in the observations.»
That's due to three factors: the
warming climate, population change, and a
combination of the two, which all roughly contributed a third to increased exposure to heat waves.
Whether you live in a wet or cold
climate, or a
combination of both, you can count on Cougar Shoes to keep your feet
warm and dry, without sacrificing style or comfort!
While immersed in the
warm climate of the Tropical House with its unique
combination of fragrances and flora, I was transported through the power
of sensory stimuli.
The
combination of forest stress created by drought and the
warming climate, in conjunction with the overstocked conditions, led to a huge pine beetle outbreak and massive forest mortality.
In the NH a lot
of land surrounding the arctic ocean is subject to the
combination of decrease in seasonal snow cover (with
climate warming), and decreasing albedo due to vegetation feedbacks.
... we strongly support Delworth and Knutson's (2000) contention that this high - latitude
warming event represents primarily natural variability within the
climate system, rather than being caused primarily by external forcings, whether solar forcing alone (Thejll and Lassen, 2000) or a
combination of increasing solar irradiance, increasing anthropogenic trace gases, and decreasing volcanic aerosols.
Climate experts say this is the result
of a
combination of human - induced global
warming and a particularly strong El Nino.
He was frozen 5000 years ago, and then unfrozen as the glacier he was in melted due to whatever
combination of natural
climate variability and anthropogenic
warming.
A
warm, dry western North America occurring in
combination with a cold, snowy east is not unusual, but the prevalence and persistence
of this pattern in recent years have piqued the interests
of climate researchers.
It seems likely to be a
combination of factors / definitional differences — as Dr Rogelj says — account for the difference between the IAM and non-IAM budgets, as both physical
climate uncertainties and technical / societal uncertainties regarding how much we are able to reduce contributions to
warming from non-CO2 matter to estimates
of remaining budgets.»
[¶]... Basing our assessment on a
combination of several independent lines
of evidence, as summarised in Box 10.2 Figures 1 and 2, including observed
climate change and the strength
of known feedbacks simulated in GCMs, we conclude that the global mean equilibrium
warming for doubling CO2, or «equilibrium
climate sensitivity», is likely to lie in the range 2 °C to 4.5 °C, with a most likely value
of about 3 °C.
The
climate - change cooling over the 1940 — 1975 time period
of the Modern
Warming period was shown to be influenced by a
combination of solar factors.
The search was performed with no restrictions on publication year, using different
combinations of the terms: (acidification * AND ocean *) OR (acidification * AND marine *) OR (global
warming * AND marine *) OR (global
warming * AND ocean *) OR (
climate change * AND marine * AND experiment *) OR (
climate change * AND ocean * AND experiment *).
Combinations of the two effects could produce a cooling cycle in which the
climate alternatively
warms then cools.
Climate simulations are consistent in showing that the global mean
warming observed since 1970 can only be reproduced when models are forced with
combinations of external forcings that include anthropogenic forcings (Figure 9.5).
Thawing permafrost also delivers organic - rich soils to lake bottoms, where decomposition in the absence
of oxygen releases additional methane.116 Extensive wildfires also release carbon that contributes to
climate warming.107, 117,118 The capacity
of the Yukon River Basin in Alaska and adjacent Canada to store carbon has been substantially weakened since the 1960s by the
combination of warming and thawing
of permafrost and by increased wildfire.119 Expansion
of tall shrubs and trees into tundra makes the surface darker and rougher, increasing absorption
of the sun's energy and further contributing to
warming.120 This
warming is likely stronger than the potential cooling effects
of increased carbon dioxide uptake associated with tree and shrub expansion.121 The shorter snow - covered seasons in Alaska further increase energy absorption by the land surface, an effect only slightly offset by the reduced energy absorption
of highly reflective post-fire snow - covered landscapes.121 This spectrum
of changes in Alaskan and other high - latitude terrestrial ecosystems jeopardizes efforts by society to use ecosystem carbon management to offset fossil fuel emissions.94, 95,96
On average, lakes have decreased in area in the last 50 years in the southern two - thirds
of Alaska, 102,103,87,88 due to a
combination of permafrost thaw, greater evaporation in a
warmer climate, and increased soil organic accumulation during a longer season for plant growth.
Several studies focused on the Colorado River basin showed that annual runoff reductions in a
warmer western U.S.
climate occur through a
combination of evapotranspiration increases and precipitation decreases, with the overall reduction in river flow exacerbated by human demands on the water supply.
From a
combination of climate models, satellite data, and paleoclimate records the scientists conclude that the West Antarctic ice sheet, Arctic ice cover, and regions providing fresh water sources and species habitat are under threat from continued global
warming.
From a
combination of climate models, satellite data, and paleoclimate records, Hansen and co-author Makiko Sato
of Columbia's Earth Institute, conclude that the West Antarctic ice sheet, Arctic ice cover, and regions providing fresh water sources and species habitat are threatened from continued global
warming.
This technical document uses a
combination of climate and hydrological models to assess the possible consequences
of future global
warming on water resources in the Pungwe catchment up until 2050.
The
combination gave proponents
of the hypothesis that human CO2 was causing global
warming and
climate change the moral high ground.
The exact
combinations and percentages
of forcings that produced the MWP and the LIA, for example, might not be known, nor the exact role
of natural variability, but the general forcings that existed on the
climate during these relatively recent periods are understood and do match up with the general
warming or cooling
of the periods.
Taken alone, these events are no proof
of global
warming, but in
combination they provide song evidence for a
warmer climate.
Climate simulations are consistent in showing that the global mean
warming observed since 1970 can only be reproduced when models are forced with
combinations of external forcings that include anthropogenic forcings.
Despite some controversial evidence that an asteroid or comet caused the worst mass extinction in history, most researchers now believe a
combination of volcanic activity and a
warming climate was the cause.
NEWS:
Combination of climate change and El Niño could lead to spike in global
warming, says Michel Jarraud
Fueled by a
combination of the natural El Niño
climate pattern and man - made global
warming, 2015 was the planet's
warmest year since records began in 1880, federal scientists announced Wednesday.
New study published in Nature
Climate Change says a
combination of warming temperatures and ocean acidification is putting nearly all
of the world's coral reefs under threat.