Migraine, a
type of headache characterized by severe head pain, and sometimes nausea and vomiting, is one
of the most
common headache disorders, affecting about 18 percent
of women and 6 percent
of men.
Earlier studies demonstrated that mindfulness - based therapy could ease chronic pain, so researchers at the University
of Canberra and elsewhere in Australia investigated whether a brief version
of this approach would help people with chronic tension —
type headaches (the most
common kind).
Anxiety disorders are among the most
common mental disorders during childhood and adolescence, with a prevalence
of 3 — 5 % in school - age children (6 — 12 years) and 10 — 19 % in adolescents (13 — 18 years); 1, 2 and the prevalence
of anxiety disorders in this population tends to increase over time.3 Anxiety is the most
common psychological symptom reported by children and adolescents; however, presentation varies with age as younger patients often report undifferentiated anxiety symptoms, for example, muscle tension,
headache, stomachache or angry outbursts.4 According to the standard diagnostic systems, there are various
types of anxiety disorders, for example, generalised anxiety disorder (GAD), social phobias (SOP), social anxiety disorder (SAD), panic disorder (PD), overanxious disorder, separation anxiety, post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD), obsessive - compulsive disorder (OCD).5 Anxiety disorders in children and adolescents often occur with a number
of comorbidities, such as autism spectrum disorders, 6 depressive disorders, 7 conduct disorder, 8 substance abuse9 or suicide - related behaviour.10 Youths with anxiety disorders experience serious impairment in social functioning (eg, poor school achievement; relational problems with family members and peers).11, 12 Childhood and adolescent anxiety disorders can persist despite treatment, 1 and they are associated with later adult psychopathology.13, 14