Sentences with phrase «compare model responses»

Volcanism is another key driver of historical climate changes, and we have compared the modeled response to large volcanic eruptions with historical data as well.

Therefore, in a subsequent MAGICC run we replaced our ice core — based reconstruction with Sato's [Sato et al., 1993](and updated to present) values after 1970 and compared the model response to NH temperature reconstructions [Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change, 2007, Figure 6.10] for the past millennium (Figure 4).

Not exact matches

When the team compared their results to previously published clinical and genomic data, they found that their model successfully predicted patients» chemotherapy response more than 80 percent of the time.

Lee's research team and collaborators in South Korea then used computer models of brain activity to compare stimulus responses of fibromyalgia patients to the normal condition.

«We compared the ability of RSV and parainfluenza virus (PIV3)-- another common virus in children that causes much less severe airway disease — to infect and cause inflammatory responses in a cell culture model of human epithelial cells, which compose the lining of the lung airway.

«These results suggest that oxytocin might be particularly effective in females — something we would not have observed just looking at the male mice,» says Moy, who is now comparing oxytocin responses across sexes in other autism models.

With this in vivo model, the research team uncovered evidence of distinct organellar perturbations in redox balance following inhibition of GSH synthesis with buthionine sulfoximine, demonstrating increased mitochondrial oxidation in response to GSH depletion compared to the cytosol.

We find that a single administration of the MN patch induces robust immune responses in a B16F10 mouse melanoma model compared to MN without degradation trigger or intratumoral injection of free aPD1 with the same dose.

We sought to compare the signaling and functional effects that result from deletion of DGKζ, Cbl - b, or both (double knockout) in T cells and to evaluate tumor responses generated in a clinically relevant orthotopic pancreatic tumor model.

Furthermore, other measurement and model studies comparing the response of mid-range vs. high ozone values show that the ozone decreases in the US and Europe are more pronounced for the highest ozone values, while sites in China show ozone increases for both mid-range and high ozone values (Derwent et al., 2010; Simon et al., 2015; Lefohn et al., 2017b).

See the Hadcm3 model response to aerosols here, and compare that to the Canadian model Fig. 2 fa and Ta and fig. 3, the Japanese model href =» http://cfors.riam.kyushu-u.ac.jp/~toshi/research.html» > Fig. 3, Hansen ea.

Students complete activities compare their exam question responses with model answers.

They are professionally finished, and handwritten model answers accompany the questions for students to compare their responses against.

The addition of a turbo means the car has more torque and much better throttle response compared with previous models.

The direct response to the accelerator pedal is impressive when compared either with conventional 7 Series models or existing hybrid vehicles already in the market.

«By comparing the response of clouds and water vapor to ENSO forcing in nature with that in AMIP simulations by some leading climate models, an earlier evaluation of tropical cloud and water vapor feedbacks has revealed two common biases in the models: (1) an underestimate of the strength of the negative cloud albedo feedback and (2) an overestimate of the positive feedback from the greenhouse effect of water vapor.

[Response: There are numerous detailed discussions already available on this site comparing modeled and reconstructed hemispheric temperature variations over the past 1000 years.

Instead, the model results for, say, the mean climate, or the change in recent decades or the seasonal cycle or response to El Niño events, are compared to the equivalent analyses in the gridded observations.

Greenland as an high altitude inlandsis seems to be very special compared to these regions, and probably has more inertia towards meting, as the center isolated from sea influence and accumulate ice form increasing precipitations.I don't really remenber what models predict in Greenland, but it doesn't confuse me if the response is not temporally and geographically the same as other regions.

[Response: Because ENSO is a huge signal compared to the trends and so the structure of the last 25 years is quite sensitive to where any model El Ninos occur.

More interestingly, in response to the second referee's objection that older SRES scenarios were used instead of the new RCP scenarios, Hansen replied: «Our paper compares observations (thus the past) and models, thus only deals with the past.

[Response # 2: The standard for comparing responses across different models is to look at the radiative forcing at the top of the atmosphere — for 2xCO2 it is around 4 W / m2 (read the new National Academies report on this for a much more detailed discussion of the concept).

See the Hadcm3 model response to aerosols here, and compare that to the Canadian model Fig. 2 fa and Ta and fig. 3, the Japanese model href =» http://cfors.riam.kyushu-u.ac.jp/~toshi/research.html» > Fig. 3, Hansen ea.

When comparing with alternative models of plant physiological processes, we find that the largest uncertainties are associated with plant physiological responses, and then with future emissions scenarios.

In this approach based on detection and attribution methods, which is compared with other approaches for producing probabilistic projections in Section 10.5.4.5, different scaling factors are applied to the greenhouse gases and to the response to other anthropogenic forcings (notably aerosols); these separate scaling factors are used to account for possible errors in the models and aerosol forcing.

However, if the GCM is also ocean coupled, then the response might differ, as the temperature response from CO2 is then coupled to a large, circulating mass of water with high SHC, which may effectively act as a buffer or lag response if compared to a 0 - D model.

Because GISS Model E-R incorporates the response of these proxies in its output, the authors of the PNAS study were able to compare their results directly to the historical record.

This paper covers the historical experiments — comparing model results from 850-2005 to observations and proxy reconstructions — as well as some idealized experiments designed to measure metrics such as climate sensitivity, transient climate response, and carbon cycle feedbacks.

Since there are some differences in the climate changes simulated by various models even if the same forcing scenario is used, the models are compared to assess the uncertainties in the responses.

«Causes of differences in model and satellite tropospheric warming rates» «Comparing tropospheric warming in climate models and satellite data» «Robust comparison of climate models with observations using blended land air and ocean sea surface temperatures» «Coverage bias in the HadCRUT4 temperature series and its impact on recent temperature trends» «Reconciling warming trends» «Natural variability, radiative forcing and climate response in the recent hiatus reconciled» «Reconciling controversies about the «global warming hiatus»»

In response to claims that CO2 had driven the recent California droughts, this segment compares CO2 driven models vs the effects of La Nina and the negative Pacific Decadal Oscillation

In the figure above, you'll notice that the CCC model that Boer is focusing on has the weakest response of precipitation compared to the other models.

In a new paper by Saba et al., they compare simulations and an atmospheric CO2 doubling response from four NOAA Geophysical Fluid Dynamics Laboratory (GFDL) global climate models of varying ocean and atmosphere resolution.

Modeled response of the atmospheric CO2 concentration (panel b) and surface air temperature compared to the year 2000 (panel c) to prescribed CO2 emissions (panel a).

Vegetation / ecosystem modelling and analysis project: comparing biogeography and biogeochemistry models in a continental - scale study of terrestrial responses to climate change and CO2 doubling.

«In response to those who complained in my recent post that linear trends are not a good way to compare the models to observations (even though the modelers have claimed that it's the long - term behavior of the models we should focus on, not individual years), here are running 5 - year averages for the tropical tropospheric temperature, models versus observations...»

Cartoon comparing (a) Fi, instantaneous forcing, (b) Fa, adjusted forcing, which allows stratospheric temperature to adjust, (c) Fg, fixed Tg forcing, which allows atmospheric temperature to adjust, (d) Fs, fixed SST forcing, which allows atmospheric temperature and land temperature to adjust, and (e) DTs, global surface air temperature calculated by the climate model in response to the climate forcing agent.»

On this note, one of the latest papers in this area is Weijer et al. (2012)(link goes to e-print), which compares the MOC response in the IPCC - class ocean model POP to the response in a higher - resolution (0.1 degree) strongly - eddying version of POP.

First, you note that a factor needs to be applied to the volcanic response when you predict temperature from the forcing inputs: - «When I lag the forcings, using an efficacy of 1 for all forcings except volcanic and a volcanic efficacy of 0.75, I get an R ^ 2 of 0.98 when compared to the GISS model output.»

(3) It is much easier to validate aerodynamic models: experiments can be performed, parameters tweaked and responses noted and compared to predicted behavior.

It's got a much lower latency compared to the earlier models, which means the response under the finger is a lot more impressive.